Cultural life in Australia

"Keep your distance" is what Australians attach great importance to in social occasions, daily conversations and after-dinner chats. When queuing at banks, ticket offices and customs entrances and exits, you must stand outside the "one-meter line", otherwise it will be considered uncivilized. Generally speaking, two people stand and talk, keeping a distance of at least one meter from each other, otherwise both sides will feel uncomfortable.

Similarly, Australians attach great importance to time, which is obvious in public transportation. Punctuality is a sign of the level of traffic operation. In school, classes, lectures and counseling are conducted in strict accordance with the time. When dating friends, you must also be punctual. Although there is no explicit provision in this respect, there are established rules to try to arrive at the appointment place at the appointed time. Generally speaking, it is acceptable to arrive five minutes later than the scheduled time, but the late party must apologize and briefly explain the reasons. People who often fail to keep appointments on time will be considered dishonest. China is a country of etiquette, and the overseas students in China represent the image of the country to some extent. Therefore, by cultivating a good sense of time and winning the respect of others, China students will benefit a lot. In fact, in Australian study and life, China students can pay more attention to observation and study, and show good social etiquette and living habits on various occasions.

Australia is a country composed of all nationalities in the world, which fully shows the richness of its culture and art, which is reflected in the paintings, literature and music of indigenous people on the one hand, and in the traditional western arts, literature, modern dance, movies, operas and dramas on the other. The Asia-Pacific region is also an important factor affecting Australian culture. Therefore, Australian works often combine the characteristics of Australia and other countries in content and style, which fully reflects the influence of multiculturalism.

As a multi-ethnic country, the value of indigenous culture is increasingly recognized by people. The history of Australian aboriginal culture can be traced back to 20 thousand years ago. The aborigines have rich oral legends and primitive dances related to sacrifices, but the most prominent one is painting, which is an important means for aborigines to record history and continue culture. The content of indigenous painting takes dreams as the permanent theme, mainly depicting various myths and legends and indigenous customs and life scenes. The main form of indigenous painting is stone murals.

Australian films have a great influence in the world, and often win various international film awards, which have sent a large number of outstanding talents to Hollywood. In a sense, opera is a typical Australian art form. Although it originated in Italy, Australians gave it special enthusiasm and new connotation. From Mrs. Mei Erba to Mrs. joan sutherland, Australia has trained such outstanding female opera singers for the world.

Australian literary works enjoy a high reputation in the world, and indigenous people and immigrant writers from overseas have added new content to this aspect. At present, Australian literary works gradually reflect the cultural significance of the Asia-Pacific region and the understanding of the importance of the common interests of all countries in this region.

Australians like to enjoy concerts. There are eight large professional orchestras in Australia. As far as pop music is concerned, the number of music provided by Australia ranks fourth among English-speaking countries in the world. The export of Australian rock music is developing day by day. Australian culture and art is a huge industry, with 336,000 employees and an annual value of 654.38+03 billion Australian dollars.

Australians also enjoy watching theatrical performances and visiting art exhibitions. On a per capita basis, Australians buy the highest number of magazines and books in the world. There are many art galleries, theaters and libraries in Australia. The most important cultural collection facilities are: Australian National Art Museum, Australian National Library, Australian National Museum, Australian National Film and Audio Archives, National Science and Technology Center, Australian War Memorial Hall and National Ocean Museum. More than 65,438+0,300 museums collect and preserve Australia's cultural heritage, and the Sydney Opera House may be regarded as Australia's most distinctive urban landmark building.

Australians often eat and drink.

Breakfast: TIP TOP or BUTTERCUP bread with MEADOW LEA margarine or VEGEMITE sauce, milk with WEET-BIX or KELLOGGS cereal, BERRI juice or Nestle coffee.

Morning tea: Arnot biscuits, Nestle coffee or Lipton black tea.

Lunch: Sandwiches (sliced bread, lettuce, tomato slices, bacon slices, etc. ), Coca Cola or Pepsi Cola.

Afternoon tea: Arnot biscuits, Smith potato chips, Nestle coffee or Nestle chocolate or Lipton black tea.

Dinner: EDGELL canned vegetables or boiled green beans, potatoes, fresh lettuce and grilled steak. D8

Must-read for travel in Australia

climate

Australia has a pleasant climate without extreme temperature difference, but the season is just the opposite of that in the northern hemisphere. It's winter.

Clothes and other daily necessities

In summer (65438+February to February), the air is warm and hot, so it is suitable to wear light clothes during the day, but you should carry a sweater or coat with you to prevent catching cold at night. In winter (June to August), you should wear sweaters, jackets, thin coats or warm clothes. When enjoying fish in the coral area of the Great Barrier Reef, you can prepare sunscreen caps, sunglasses and sunscreen lotion, and you must prepare beach shoes to protect your feet.

money

Australian dollar is a decimal system, with yuan as the most basic unit (100 Australian dollar is equivalent to 1 Australian dollar). There are five denominations of paper money: 100 USD, 50 USD, 20 USD, 10 USD and 5 USD, and six denominations of coins: 5 Australian cents, 10 Australian cents, 20 Australian cents, 50 Australian cents, 1 Australian dollars and 2 Australian dollars.

Foreign currency exchange

All inbound and outbound passengers can enjoy foreign currency exchange service at the international airport, and exchange foreign currency and traveler's checks, which can be handled conveniently and quickly in most banks. Asynchronous transmission mode

As long as the ATM card has been applied for international use, it can be used at ATMs and most retail outlets in Australia. If you need to withdraw cash or use other services, the cardholder must enter the personal password before entering the personal account. You can check with the bank about the application scope of ATM card and the required service fee.

traveler's checks / traveller's cheque

Traveler's checks should be cashed in banks or hotels, because it may not be easy to cash in other places. Note that some banks will charge exchange fees for traveler's checks.

Australian tax system

Australia is a tax-sharing country, and its taxes, like other tax-sharing countries, are divided into central taxes and local taxes. Among them, federal taxes include personal income tax, enterprise income tax, sales tax, welfare insurance tax, customs duties, consumption tax, training deposit and other taxes, as well as profits paid by federal state-owned enterprises. State government taxes include payroll tax, stamp duty, financial institution tax, land tax, debt tax and other taxes. In terms of tax revenue, China and Australia are divided into central tax revenue and local tax revenue. The difference is that the main taxes are different: the main taxes in Australia are direct taxes, while the main taxes in China are indirect taxes. 1998, Australian central tax: direct tax (personal income tax, enterprise income tax, welfare insurance tax, etc. ) accounts for 74%, consumption tax accounts for 1 1%, special trade tax (tobacco, alcohol and gasoline) accounts for 12%, and tariff accounts for 3%; Among the state government's taxes, payroll tax (which is a tax that employers should pay to the state government while paying employees' salaries, and it is also a direct tax) accounts for 25%, financial institution tax accounts for 17%, stamp duty accounts for 9%, land tax accounts for 12%, and Kamblin tax accounts for 8%. It can be seen that direct tax is the main tax in Australia, and personal income tax is the most important in direct tax. Personal income tax accounts for about 60% of the total federal tax revenue. Australia is a country with high tax burden and high welfare. The personal income tax burden is obviously higher than that of China. At the same time, taxpayers must pay welfare insurance tax according to 1.5% of the taxable income of individual income tax.