What food can people eat in Yongzheng period of Qing Dynasty?

Watermelon originated in Africa and has been cultivated in Egypt for five or six thousand years. Because it was introduced from the western regions in the Han Dynasty, it was called watermelon.

2. Tomatoes

Originally from Peru and Mexico, Europeans first began to eat tomatoes as vegetables and fruits in the19th century. During the Guangxu period in the late Qing Dynasty, in the name of edible, better edible varieties were selected and introduced to China. Before that, tomatoes were just ornamental plants in China. Peru, originally from South America, was introduced to China through the "Silk Road" in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. However, in 1983, the archaeological team of Sichuan Province in China found the seeds of tomatoes and other crops from the ancient tomb of the Western Han Dynasty, which became the Phoenix Mountain, and the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences also carefully cultivated plants, which proved that this thing existed in China more than 2,000 years ago. Of course, you must not call it your current name at that time. Although tomatoes were introduced into China from Europe, their ancestral home is Peru in South America. The original name of tomato is Wolf Peach. When Peruvian aborigines first discovered it, they thought it was poisonous and dared not eat it. Tomatoes are brightly colored and have always been considered toxic, so they dare not eat them. It is said that there was a painter in the18th century who risked his life to eat wolf peaches and then lay flat on his bed to die. 12 hours later, the painter was safe and sound, and tomatoes became delicious from then on.

3. Peanuts

Originated in South America, it was introduced to China in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Originally from Brazil and Peru, it was introduced to China from Nanyang Islands in the 6th century.

4. Sweet potato

Originally from South America, 1582 was introduced to China.

Cucumber originated in India and was later introduced to Central Asia. In the Han Dynasty, when Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions, he brought back a kind of melon which was "several inches long, yellow-green, full of thorns" and was called "gourd". Later, in the Sixteen Countries of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 3 17-420), Schleswig, the most powerful post-Zhao master, didn't like the word "Hu" and changed it to cucumber. It was introduced to China later than eggplant. Originally called Hulu, this name is still preserved in some places.

6. The origin of corn is Latin America, and Mexico is the place where the origin and variety diversity of corn are concentrated. According to the Mayan holy book, corn was the main food of Incas, Mayans and Aztecs as early as 5000 years ago. It was introduced to China in the 16th century. By the end of the Ming Dynasty, corn was planted in Zhejiang, Fujian, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Henan, Hebei and other places.

7. Cowpea origin: India

8. Onion: originally from Siberia;

9. Broad beans: also known as Hu beans, cold beans and arhat beans. Originated from southwest Asia to north Africa, it was introduced by Zhang Qian when he was sent to the western regions. Broad beans are also called beans, Buddha beans, Sichuan beans, Japanese beans and arhat beans. China originally did not produce broad beans. According to legend, Zhang Qian brought it back from the Western Regions. It is generally believed that broad beans originated in Southwest Asia and North Africa, and the earliest existing discovery is the ancient Palestinian city of Jellicoe, where the remnants of broad beans were discovered 6000 years ago.

10. Pea: It originated in China's coastal areas and was introduced to China in the Han Dynasty. But it was not until the early Yuan Dynasty that there was a record of eating pea pods (that is, eating peas now). Peas are called cold beans and wheat beans. Originated from the ancient Mediterranean coast and the west coast of Asia. The word pea first appeared in Zhang Yi's Guangya (3rd century), also known as bēi bean. Beans have been recorded in the Moon Order for Four People written by Cui Gui in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2nd century), so it can be seen that they were introduced to China at the latest in the Han Dynasty.

1 1, lentils: originally from India, introduced in Han and Jin dynasties. Lentils originated in Java and were introduced to China in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

12. Eggplant: native to Southeast Asia and India, it was introduced to China in Jin Dynasty, which was especially favored by Emperor Yang Di, and it was also named "Kunlun Purple Melon".

13. Spinach: It originated in Persia and was introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty. Spinach was introduced from Nepal (now Nepal) during the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty. It was originally called spinach, and later it was called spinach for short.

14, mushroom: scientific name, also known as carmine. Native to Asia and North America, it was cultivated before the Song Dynasty.

15. Lettuce: The origin is along the coast of China. China has a cultivation history of 1000 years. It was eaten before the Song Dynasty and was introduced by envoys from the Western Regions when they came to China. Lettuce is native to the Mediterranean coast and western Asia. Some people think that the evidence that lettuce was introduced in the Sui Dynasty is that in the Song Dynasty, Tao Gui said in the book Qing Coco: "The envoys of various countries came to Han, and the Sui people got a lot of money for their vegetables." The country is now in Afghanistan and Bhutan. But lettuce has been recorded in Ge Hong's The Elbow Queen. Therefore, lettuce was introduced to China earlier.

16, carrots: native to northern Europe. In the Yuan Dynasty, Persians brought them to Yunnan when they came to China, and then spread them all over the country.

17, sweet potato: native to America, Chen Zhenlong, a native of Jin 'an, was introduced to Fujian from the Philippines during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. Potatoes originated in Mexico and Colombia. Columbus brought potato seeds from America to Spain, and the Spanish brought them to the Philippines. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Marco Long, a patriotic overseas Chinese in the Philippines, brought potato seeds back to Fujian and planted them on a large scale.

18. Potato: native to South America, introduced to China in the late Ming Dynasty. Potatoes (potatoes) are not found in China itself, and their hometown is also in the United States. It was first brought back to Europe by the Spanish, and probably was introduced to China from northwest or south China in the middle of16th century or later. Potatoes are called "omnipotent things" in Hindi.

19, pepper: native to tropical areas of Central and South America. Pepper cultivation in China began in the late Ming Dynasty. Before that, Cornus officinalis was used for seasoning (I don't know if it tastes good, but I think it is an ornamental plant, probably not very spicy). As for sweet pepper, it was only in the18th century that it was introduced to China.

20. Cabbage: also known as cabbage, was introduced to China in the early Qing Dynasty.

2 1, pumpkin: native to Africa. It was introduced into southern China from Persia, and was called "cucumber" at that time. The date of introduction is unknown. There is also a kind of pumpkin, which originated in Southeast Asia. China has a long history of cultivation, probably in the Song Dynasty.

22. Green beans: native to Central and South America, introduced to China in the Ming Dynasty.

It is "spring onion". This is recorded in Jia Sixie's Book of Qi Yaomin in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Therefore, onions were introduced no later than the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The name of onion came from Japan and was named onion after it was introduced to Japan. This name was later introduced into China and became a common name.

23. Eggplant: native to Southeast Asia and India, it was introduced to China in Jin Dynasty, and was especially favored by Emperor Yang Di, who also named it "Kunlun Purple Melon".

24. Spinach: It originated in Persia and was introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty.

25. Canavalia originated in India and was introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty.

26, mung bean, most experts believe that it is produced in India and Myanmar, but some scholars believe that China is his origin. It was called Ludou in ancient times. Wild beans were mentioned in Sima Xiangru's Fu in the Western Han Dynasty (Biography of Historical Records and Sima Xiangru).

27. Chinese cabbage: It has a long history of utilization and cultivation. As early as 4000 years ago, some wild cabbages were used in Southeast Europe (the site of Troy), and perhaps the legendary beauty Helen also ate cabbages. Cabbage has not spread to China for a long time. It was first read in the book 1848, then it was called sunflower cabbage (an interesting name). Later, it was also called Huizi Cabbage, probably because it spread along the route of the Silk Road.

28. Bitter gourd: There was no record of bitter gourd before the Ming Dynasty. It is generally believed that Zheng He brought it when he went to the West. Fei Xin, who went to the West with Zheng He, recorded bitter gourd in Xing Cha Sheng Lan. Momordica charantia is listed as one of the crops for famine relief in its Contemporary Herbs for Famine Relief. But eating bitter gourd was not popular at that time. It was not until the middle of Ming Dynasty that it became popular in the south.

29. Coriander: It is native to the Mediterranean coast in southwest Europe. Later, it was introduced to West Asia. In the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian brought it to the Central Plains when he went to the Western Regions. Zhang Hua in the Western Jin Dynasty wrote the Natural History, which recorded: "Zhang Qian hollowed out pomegranate (pomegranate), walnut (walnut), garlic and coriander."

30. Luffa originated in India. Lu You said in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Wiping the inkstone with loofah can clean all dirt without damaging the inkstone (loofah washes the inkstone, leaving all stains without damaging the inkstone). Du Beishan wrote a poem about loofah, indicating that loofah was introduced to China not later than the Song Dynasty.

3 1, grapes, brought back by zhangqian.

32. Ficus carica was introduced before the Tang Dynasty, but it was hard to eat in the Central Plains.

33. Mango: It is said that the seeds were brought back by the Tang Priest when he learned the scriptures. Now the mango was introduced by the Dutch when he was in Taiwan Province.

34. Hami melon: It was first recorded in the Southern Song Dynasty. Before the Ming Dynasty, it was seldom eaten in the Central Plains. It will also be a tribute in the future.

35. Pineapple: It originated in Brazil and was introduced in Ming Dynasty.

36. Strawberries: Wild strawberries were cultivated in the Ming Dynasty. However, it was not until the middle of Qing Dynasty that improved varieties were introduced from Britain, France and other countries.

37. Papaya: Originated in Mexico, it was introduced to China in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

38. Sunflower: Origin of the United States. /kloc-After the 6th century, it was introduced into China in two ways. All the way from Nanyang; All the way from Russia.

39. Sesame: It is native to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in China. Ancient sesame seeds were found in the Neolithic site of Qianshanyang in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province and the prehistoric site of Shuitianfan in Hangzhou, which confirmed that China was the hometown of sesame seeds.

40. Olive: The word olive includes many kinds of plants. Olives are produced in the Mediterranean, and a small amount of them were introduced to Hanzhong after the liberation of China. Fruit olive was born in China, but it should be regarded as Baiyue area in ancient times.

4 1. Pomegranate: It was called "An Pomegranate" in ancient times, and its origin was "Anguo" and "Shiguo" in ancient western regions.

42. Walnut originated in West Asia and South Europe, and was introduced to China in the Jin Dynasty.

43. Cotton is native to South America and India. After the Song Dynasty, cotton was introduced into China in three ways: the first way was from Southeast Asia to Hainan Island and Guangdong and Guangxi; The second route is from India to Yunnan via Myanmar; The third way is from Central Asia to Xinjiang and Hexi Corridor.

44. The origin of sugarcane is India.

45. Tobacco originated in America. When Columbus discovered the New World, he often saw Indians smoking a burning "hay" in their mouths. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, it was introduced to Chinese mainland through the Philippines-Macau.

46. Sugarbeet originated in coastal areas and Central Asia. At present, the countries with large planting area are Russian, French, American, Polish and China.

47. Jute originated in Southeast Asia. At present, India's jute production ranks first in the world.

48. Coconut originated in the Philippines. At present, the output and export of coconut in the Philippines still ranks first in the world, and it is known as the "Coconut Kingdom".

49. Soybean, rice, millet, tea and jujube are all produced in China. Soybean: Originally from China, it has been cultivated for more than 5,000 years. Tea: Originally from China, it was introduced to Japan in 806. Jujube: Originated in China, it has been cultivated for thousands of years.

Food that can't be eaten during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty;

1. Onions were introduced to China in the early 20th century.

2. Zucchini: American pumpkin, introduced to China in the middle of Qing Dynasty.

3. Lettuce: It originated near Zhonghai and was introduced to China in the late Qing Dynasty.

4. Cauliflower: It originated in China's coastal areas and was introduced into China for 100 years.

5. Onion: Originated in Iran and Afghanistan, it has a cultivation history of more than 5,000 years, and was introduced to China only for more than 100 years. Ancient Egypt was one of the earliest areas where onions were planted. Onions began to be distributed in the Middle East and the Near East, and later spread all over the world.

6. Coffee, dates, oil palms and bananas are all in Africa. Coffee originated in Kafa province of Ethiopia in East Africa. It is said that there was a shepherd in ancient times who was very excited when he found that the sheep had eaten a red berry. So the shepherd also picked the fruit and boiled it to quench his thirst. As a result, he felt particularly excited and comfortable. Since then, coffee has spread. Now Brazil's coffee production ranks first in the world; Iraq's date palm ranks first in the world; Malaysia's oil palm production ranks first in the world, and bananas in Central America are the largest and most famous in the world.

7. Cauliflower was introduced to China later than cabbage (cabbage), and was only planted in Guangdong and Fujian in the early 20th century. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), it has developed rapidly and has been widely planted in China.