What are aborigines?

There are three main definitions of indigenous people: first, the comprehensive study of discrimination against indigenous people by Mr. J.Martinei Cobo, the special rapporteur of the United Nations. The definition of indigenous people in this research report is: "Indigenous communities, peoples and nations refer to those communities that have developed in their territory and have historical continuity with previously occupied and colonized societies. They constitute a non-dominant part of the current society. They think that they are different from other parts of these ruling societies in all or part of their territory, and decide to protect, develop and inherit the land and national identity of their ancestors according to their own cultural model, social organization and legal system, and take this as the basis for their continued existence as human beings. " Second, the United Nations International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention 102. 169. The Convention defines its application object as "indigenous and tribal peoples": "Tribal peoples in independent countries refer to groups that are different from other parts of the national society in social, cultural and economic conditions, and their status is determined in whole or in part by their own customs or traditions or according to special laws or regulations; The indigenous people of an independent country are descendants of those who lived in a country or a geographical area when they were conquered, colonized or established the current national territory. Regardless of their legal status, they still retain part or all of their own social, economic, cultural and political systems. " Third, J. Anaya's book Indigenous Peoples in International Law. In this book, J. Anaya uses the broad concept of "indigenous people"-"The descendants of local indigenous people lived in this world before this land was invaded by immigrants, but now they are ruled by outsiders. Indigenous people have cultural uniqueness, but they are swallowed up by immigrant society. Compared with other more influential people in today's society, the roots of aborigines are firmly embedded in the land where they live, or they want to go back to their ancestral homes because they are forced to migrate. In addition, they are connected with their ancestors' communities, tribes and nationalities because they identify with their respective groups. "From the above three classic definitions of' aborigines', the characteristics of aborigines are: first, as a ethnic group, they have their own unique social, cultural and economic traditions, that is, their own unique way of life; Second, their unique traditions and lifestyles stem from their deep roots in the land and other natural environments where they live; Third, they have the right to decide their own cultural model, social organization and legal system, and to decide their own way of life.