Historically, Hakkas have moved south from the Central Plains several times.

In history, Hakkas have moved south from the Central Plains five times.

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Hakka immigration history

The first great migration

In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang unified the six countries. In the 28th year of Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang sent Tu Sui, leading 500,000 troops to March into Lingnan in five ways. Five years later, the vast area of Lingnan was unified and Nanhai County was established. Therefore, Longchuan Ancient City became one of the three ancient counties in Lingnan, and Zhao Tuo became the first county magistrate.

During his six years as a county magistrate, Zhao Tuo spread the advanced ideas of the Central Plains, agriculture and handicraft technology to Longchuan, adopted the administrative concept of "gathering hundreds of troops", and made his soldiers live in harmony with the aborigines, and wrote that the Emperor of Qin sent 30,000 women from the Central Plains to "mend soldiers' clothes" and 15,000 women from the Central Plains.

These experimental county-building strategies laid the foundation for Zhao Tuo to establish South Vietnam in the future. Therefore, Gulongchuan became the rise and fall place of Zhao Tuo and one of the birthplaces of Lingnan culture. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Ren Xiao, the prefect of Nanhai County, was critically ill. He summoned Zhao Tuo, then the magistrate of Longchuan County, and said that Panyu could "risk mountains and block the South China Sea to build a country", and asked Zhao Tuo to act as the prefect of Nanhai County on the pretext of Qin Ting's orders. In the third year of Emperor Gaozu, Zhao Tuo became the king of South Vietnam.

Since then, many of these soldiers who stayed in Lingnan have become the earliest Hakka ancestors. This is the earliest record of Hakka ancestors in Lingnan, and it is also the largest in the history of early population transfer in China. Therefore, Heyuan, which belonged to Gulongchuan in those days, was called "Hakka Ancient Town".

The second great migration

Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, influenced by the Five Dynasties Rebellion and the southward crossing of scholars, some Han people in the Central Plains moved southward, staying in southern Hubei, Henan, Anhui and Jiangxi along the Yangtze River and upstream and downstream of the Ganjiang River. Influenced by the Huang Chao incident, the descendants of Han nationality immigrants from the Central Plains moved south again and settled in southwest Fujian and northeast Guangdong.

The third great migration

At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, under the influence of Jin people going south, Song people crossing south and Yuan people coming to power, some Hakka ancestors moved from Gannan to western Fujian and then to northeastern Guangdong.

The fourth great migration

Beginning in A.D. 1645, influenced by Manchu people's southward entry into the Central Plains, some Hakkas moved from Hakka base camp to the central coast of Guangdong, and fled to Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan Province and other provinces.

The fifth great migration

The fifth and last great migration was after AD 1867. Affected by the Guangdong West Road incident and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom incident, some Hakkas migrated to southwest Guangdong, Hainan Island and overseas.