Taiwan Province Province: Past and Present?

In ancient times, Taiwan Province Province was connected with the mainland. Later, due to the crustal movement, the connected parts sank into the sea, forming a strait, and Taiwan Province Island appeared.

Most of the early residents of Taiwan Province Province immigrated directly or indirectly from Chinese mainland. 197 1 year and 1974, the earliest human fossils in Taiwan Province province were discovered twice, and they were named "Zuo Zhenren". Archaeologists believe that Zuo Zhenren came to Taiwan Province Province from the mainland 30,000 years ago. Both Liu Qingren and Dongshan Ren, discovered in Fujian archaeology, belong to the late Homo sapiens in the southern Paleolithic region of China, and they are of the same origin and both inherit some characteristics of China Homo erectus. Among the early residents of Taiwan Province Province, there are a few short black people belonging to the Tuo nationality in nigri and Langya people belonging to the Ryukyu nationality. The early residents of Taiwan Province Province mentioned above are the ancestors of the ethnic minorities in Taiwan Province Province today.

The recorded history of Taiwan Province Province can be traced back to 230 AD. At that time, King Sun Quan of the Three Kingdoms sent 1000 officers and men to Yizhou (Taiwan Province Province), and Kuloko Shen of the State of Wu wrote the earliest account of Taiwan Province Province in the world. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties (AD 589-6 18), Taiwan Province Province was called "Liuqiu". The Sui Dynasty worked as a teacher in Taiwan Province Province for three times. According to historical records, in 6 10 A.D. (the sixth year of Sui Daye), Han people began to migrate to Penghu. By the Song and Yuan Dynasties (AD 960- 1368), there had been a considerable number of Han people in Penghu. After the Han people opened Penghu, they began to develop in Taiwan Province Province, bringing advanced production technology at that time. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/2nd century, the Song Dynasty placed Penghu under the jurisdiction of Jinjiang County, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, and sent troops to defend it. The Yuan Dynasty also sent troops to Taiwan Province Province. The Yuan and Ming governments set up a patrol inspection department in Penghu, which was responsible for patrolling criminals and holding salt classes. In the late Ming Dynasty, the scale of development became larger and larger. In the era of war and famine, the Fujian authorities of the Ming government and Zheng Zhilong Group immigrated to Taiwan Province Province in an organized way.

/kloc-in the 6th century, the western colonial forces such as Spain and the Netherlands developed rapidly and began to extend their tentacles to the east. /kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, the Dutch colonialists took advantage of the difficulties of the Ming government, the peasant uprising at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the growing power of Manchu in Northeast China to invade Taiwan Province Province. Soon, the Spanish occupied parts of northern and eastern Taiwan Province Province, and were driven away by the Dutch in 1642, and Taiwan Province Province became a Dutch colony. Dutch colonialists enforced compulsory rule, took the land for themselves, forced people to pay various taxes, plundered rice and sugar in Taiwan Province Province, and re-exported raw silk, sugar and porcelain purchased from China to other countries through Taiwan Province Province, thus making high profits. The rule of Dutch colonists aroused the resistance of the people in Taiwan Province Province. 1652 In September, the peasant leader Guo Huaiyi led a large-scale armed uprising. Although the armed uprising was suppressed, it shows that Dutch colonial rule has fallen into crisis.

1644, the Qing army entered the customs and established the Qing regime in Beijing. 166 1 In April, Zheng Chenggong led 25,000 soldiers and hundreds of warships from Kinmen into Taiwan Province Province in the name of General Nan Mingyi. When Zheng Chenggong marched into Taiwan Province Province, he told the Dutch colonialists that Taiwan Province Province "has always belonged to China", that the residents of Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Island are China people who have occupied and cultivated this land since ancient times, and that the Netherlands "should return it to its original owners" after fierce fighting and siege.1February 662, Zheng Chenggong forced Dutch Governor Bayi to sign and surrender. Zheng Chenggong regained China's territory of Taiwan Province Province from Dutch colonists, and became a great national hero, admired by the broad masses of people.

1684, the Qing government set up a patrol road and a Taiwan government, which were subordinate to Fujian province. By181year, the population of Taiwan had reached10.9 million, most of whom were immigrants from Fujian and Guangdong. Immigrants reclaimed wasteland in large quantities, which made Taiwan Province Province a new agricultural area, and provided a large number of rice and sucrose, daily consumer goods and building materials imported from the mainland, which made the economy of Taiwan Province Province develop to a considerable extent. During this period, Taiwan Province Province had close contacts with Fujian and Guangdong, and Chinese culture was introduced into Taiwan Province Province more comprehensively.

Due to the invasion of China's frontier by western powers, there has been a border crisis in China. 1884- 1885 during the sino-French war, the French army attacked Taiwan Province province and was badly hit by Liu Mingchuan's army. By the signing of the Sino-French New Testament in June 1885, the French army was forced to withdraw from Taiwan Province Province.

After the Sino-French War, in order to strengthen coastal defense, the Qing government designated Taiwan Province Province as a single province in 1885, and Taiwan Province Province became the 20th province in China. Liu Mingchuan, the first governor of Taiwan Province Province, actively carried out the new policy of self-improvement, cleaned up land tax, increased fiscal revenue, bought ships, set up telegraph lines, set up the General Administration of Posts and Telecommunications and built railways; Buy warships, add batteries, set up machinery bureau, and build their own weapons; Set up coal bureau and install new shearer; Set up companies to promote cities and build streets and roads; Establish western learning and telegraph schools to train architectural talents. Liu Mingchuan concentrated many new undertakings in one province, making Taiwan Province one of the advanced provinces in China at that time.

As early as 16 to 17 century, the Japanese sent troops to spy on Taiwan Province Province many times. /kloc-In the second half of the 9th century, after the Meiji Restoration, Japan embarked on the road of capitalist development, trying to become a big country and stepping up its aggression against China. 1894 launched the Sino-Japanese War (Sino-Japanese War) and captured Penghu in March of the following year. The corrupt Qing government signed the treaty of shimonoseki with Japan in April 1895, ceding Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Islands to Japan. Taiwan Province Province became a Japanese colony and began a 50-year Japanese occupation.

After Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province, there was a Governor's Office in Taibei, which was the highest institution to manage Taiwan Province Province. In addition, township offices were set up in various places, the police and Baojia system were implemented, and colonial education was carried out in Taiwan Province Province. At the same time, based on the needs of developing domestic economy, Taiwan Province Province was initially taken as the base for developing agriculture and agricultural products processing, and the processing industry and transportation industry in Taiwan Province Province were gradually developed. During World War II, in order to cooperate with the militaristic policy of marching southward, Japan further developed various military-related industries in Taiwan Province Province, and expanded the proportion of industries in the island's GDP, which gradually transformed Taiwan Province Province from a traditional society dominated by agricultural economy into a semi-capitalist and semi-feudal society dominated by industry and commerce. According to statistics, on the eve of the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the proportion of industrial output value in the gross national product of Taiwan Province Province has risen from about 7% at the beginning of the 20th century to about 18%. At the same time, the working class in Taiwan Province Province has gradually sprouted and developed in this transformation. 1920, the labor force in Taiwan Province Province was about 40,000. By 1937, when Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, it increased to more than 80,000 people; By 1943, the number of workers in Taiwan Province Province has reached more than 200,000.

In the half century from the fall of Taiwan Province Province in A.D. 1895 to the recovery of Taiwan Province Province in A.D. 1945, our compatriots in Taiwan Province Province couldn't bear the life in conquered people. In order to safeguard the dignity of the Chinese nation, defend the motherland and recover lost territory, they fought bravely with the Japanese invaders for a long time and wrote a glorious chapter in the history of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the people of China.

1895 After the news that treaty of shimonoseki in Taiwan Province Province was ceded came out, the whole country was in an uproar, and everyone was "saddened" and extremely indignant. Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao gathered 18 thousand people in the province to "write on the bus", opposed the division of land and peace, and advocated political reform for strength. Taiwan Province Jinshi, who took the exam in Beijing, and Juren jointly wrote a letter to the Duchayuan of the Qing government, complaining: "There are millions of people in the north, and the women and children in the hutongs all want to eat Japanese meat, and each has a grudge. Who is willing to surrender to the enemy! " "All the land in Taiwan Province was used to make it fight and surrender, and all the people in Taiwan Province made it fight and die ... although brave, there is no regret." Officials at all levels in the Qing court also wrote in succession, stating that Taiwan Province Province is the barrier of seven provinces in southeast China. "Without Taiwan Province Province today, there would be no Nanyang tomorrow; Although China is big, it can be chopped in one day. " . Tan Sitong angrily denounced the Qing court for "saving yourself once" and gave it to others by raising the site. "He thinks that China people's affluence is a mistake," the gentry in Taiwan Province Province sent a telegram to the Qing court, saying, "The whole Taiwan was shocked by the land division and peace talks. ..... the land of ministers, righteousness and existence; Willing to defend to the death with fu department. If you can't win a battle, please wait until I die before you cede territory ... ".

On the second day after the treaty of shimonoseki was signed, the compatriots in the whole province cried loudly, and the people in Taipei went on strike with gongs. The people surrounded the Ministry and opposed the cutting of Taiwan. They demanded that the money for reimbursement should not be shipped out, and the Ordnance Manufacturing Bureau should not stop working. All the tax revenue should be reserved for fighting against the Japanese aggressors. Qiu and other Taiwan Province gentry also tried to resist Japanese occupation with "independence", established "Taiwan Province democratic country" and elected Tang, governor of Taiwan Province Province, as president. The Declaration of Independence pointed out: "Those who advocate sages have the right to take charge of Taiwan Province affairs; After the dust settles, please fight again. What should I do? " However, as Tang fled back to the mainland privately, 12 days later, this "democratic country" disintegrated.

After the anti-Japanese armed forces and the Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province, the Qing government ordered its governor Tang and other officials in Taiwan Province to leave Taiwan Province. Taiwan Province compatriots took up arms and organized their own Anti-Japanese People's Army to defend the territory of the motherland. They continued their armed struggle for seven years.

At the beginning, Taiwan Province compatriots cooperated with Liu Yongfu, the leader of the Black Flag Army who refused to obey the imperial edict, and other officers and men of the Qing army to fight to the death with the Japanese aggressors in Hsinchu, Dajiaxi, Changhua, Chiayi and Tainan. Armed with soil guns and spears, driven by flesh and blood, they advance wave after wave and pounce on the enemy. Among them, the battle between Changhua and Chiayi was the fiercest. Xu Xiang, the leader of the Anti-Japanese People's Army, the general of the Black Flag Army, and most of the Seven Stars Team of the Liu Yongfu New Army died heroically. A Japanese recorded at that time: "Whenever our army (Japanese army) is defeated, the villagers nearby immediately become our enemies. Everyone, even young women, took up arms and shouted and fought. Our opponent is tenacious and not afraid of death. They hid in the cottage. When a house is destroyed by gunfire, they will calmly move to another house and launch an attack at the first time. "

The final stage of Tainan's resistance to the enemy was extremely difficult. The Qing government has repeatedly strictly forbidden all mainland areas to support Taiwan Province Province, so the black flag army and people's armament and wages have been cut off, and the team can't afford to go hungry. In this case, Liu Yongfu persisted in the anti-Japanese war for five months and was forced to board a ship and return to the mainland. Tainan1Fall on October 20th 1895. When Tainan fell, more than 32,000 soldiers and civilians in Taiwan Province Province were killed or injured, accounting for more than half of the troops in the early days of Japanese occupation.

After the fall of Tainan, the people of Taiwan Province Province continued to insist on armed resistance against Japan. They successively established anti-Japanese base areas in Shenkeng in Taipei, Guo Tieshan in Yunlin, Fanzai Mountain between Tainan in Chiayi, Fengshan in Pingtung and Chaozhou. The ranks of the Anti-Japanese People's Army range from several hundred to several thousand. They attacked the Japanese army barracks, attacked Japanese government agencies, and fought against the enemy's crazy sweeps again and again, and many heroes emerged. Jane Dashi is one of the leaders of the peasant anti-Japanese armed forces in Taipei. 1896 On New Year's Day, he led a team and others to attack Taipei directly and broke into the urban area. Later, Jane moved to Xiamen. The Japanese invaders killed his wife to vent their anger and claimed compensation from the Qing government. Before she died, Jane boasted: "I am Jane the Great Lion, and I am a citizen of Taiwan Province Province in the Qing Dynasty. ..... Although the Japanese treat me like a bandit, the Qing people should treat me like a righteous man. Since the return of Taiwan Province Province to Japan, officials, large and small, have been exhausted, and no one dares to take the initiative. Only I, the humble king, can win more than ten thousand people and have a bloody battle a hundred times. Self-assertion, there is nothing wrong with the Qing dynasty. ..... May life be pure, and death be pure ghost ".

The armed uprising before and after the Revolution of 1911 was brutally suppressed by the Japanese invaders, and the armed anti-Japanese struggle of the people in Taiwan Province Province experienced a short low tide. After 1906, under the influence of the bourgeois revolutionary movement in mainland China, compatriots in Taiwan Province Province held patriotic armed uprisings again and again to oppose Japanese colonial rule. The famous ones are: 1907 Hsinchu Beipu Uprising; 19 12 Nantou Linipu Uprising; Miaoli Uprising1913;

9 15 Nanxi Lai 'an Uprising, etc. Among them, Miaoli Uprising was a great patriotic anti-Japanese struggle under the direct influence of the Revolution of 1911. Leader Luo Fuxing is one of the personnel sent to Taiwan Province by Dr. Sun Yat-sen's alliance. Based in his hometown of Miaoli, Luo established the Taiwan Province branch of China Revolutionary Party, and developed organizations in Taipei, Keelung, Taoyuan and Tainan to publicize the revolution and plan the uprising. After the defeat, nearly a thousand people were arrested and more than 20 people were killed. Luo Fuxing's farewell poem said: "The atmosphere of overseas smoke is like an island. Today, my people are endowed with the same hatred, sacrificing their own flesh and blood to find common things. Don't be afraid to love freedom all your life. ..... Left their hometown to Yingzhou, and swept away the east courtyard. The fishy smell in the world should be washed away, and chivalrous men must not lose their swords. Bullets are raining like thunder, horns and drums are urging. Who has a good start, why bother him? " Xi 'an Uprising was organized by patriots Ba, Jiang Ding and others. They took Xilai Temple and other places in Tainan as their stronghold, trained the backbone, planned the uprising, and called on the compatriots in the whole province to "courageously strive for the first place, faithfully serve the country, and recover Taiwan Province Province". Participants are all over Taipei, Taichung, Nantou, Chiayi and Pingtung. Because of the incident, the Japanese police learned that Yu, Jiang and others led more than a thousand people to temporarily file a case and fought bloody battles for seven days and nights. After the failure of the uprising, more than 900 people, including Pakistan, were executed, and tens of thousands of people were indiscriminately killed by Japanese aggressors, which shocked the world.

National Liberation Movement after the May 4th Movement After the First World War, under the influence of the Russian October Revolution and the national democratic revolutionary movement in Chinese mainland, compatriots in Taiwan Province Province further set off the climax of the organized national liberation movement, which was closely linked with the revolutionary struggle of the motherland and became an important part of the national liberation movement in China. 1920 65438+ 10, directly influenced by the may 4th movement, Japanese youths studying in Taiwan Province province first set up the Xinmin society in Tokyo, and published the magazine Taiwan Province Youth in imitation of Beijing New Youth to carry out the enlightenment propaganda of nationalism. Subsequently, students from Taiwan Province Province who studied in Japan and lived in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Xiamen, Nanjing and other places established organizations such as the YMCA of Taiwan Province Province, the Students' Federation of Taiwan Province Province, and the China Taiwan Province Comrades' Association. 192 1 10 The Taiwanese Cultural Association, a bourgeois nationalist enlightenment group with Jiang Weishui as the mainstay and Lin and others as the supplement, was established in Taipei. With the aim of "arousing the consciousness of the Han nationality and opposing Japanese national oppression", it put forward slogans such as "opposing ethnic differences", "opposing enslavement education" and "striving for political participation". Under the influence of Guo Moruo and others, Taiwan Province students from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangdong established the "Revolutionary Youth League of Taiwan Province Province in Guangdong Province". In the Letter to China Compatriots published by the group, it appealed: "Don't forget Taiwan Province Province", "Taiwan Province Province is Taiwan Province Province of China, the nation is China's, and the land is China's". At the same time, farmers' associations and various trade union organizations have sprung up all over Taiwan Province Province. 1928 In April, China * * * producer born in Taiwan Province Province, Chinese mainland, party member, producer studying in Japan, with the help of China * * *, established the Taiwan Province Provincial Party Organization in Shanghai, namely the national branch of Japanese * * * producer Taiwan Province Province. The People's Party, the political representative of the emerging national bourgeoisie in Taiwan Province Province, also stepped onto the political stage. Political forces of various factions quickly united. The peasant movement and the workers' movement flourished for the first time in Taiwan's history. At the end of the same year, there were more than 30,000 members under the leadership of Taiwan Province Farmers' Federation. All kinds of labor unrest broke out one after another, and the consciousness of the working class increased rapidly. They combined their own economic interests with the interests of the national class and put forward distinctive battle slogans such as "supporting the workers and peasants revolution in China", "opposing the imperialist war" and "overthrowing Japanese imperialism".

Encouraged by the upsurge of the national liberation movement in Taiwan Province Province, the Gaoshan compatriots living in Wushe, the upper reaches of Zhuoshui River in Taichung, could not bear the slavery and oppression of the Japanese invaders, and held an armed riot 1930+0938 on June 27th. This is the Wushe Uprising that shocked China and foreign countries. After destroying more than a dozen Japanese branches, he retreated into the mountains and fought fiercely with more than 6,000 Japanese military police for more than 20 days. Many Gaoshan women jump off the cliff in order to encourage their husbands to kill the enemy without worry. Finally, Gaoshan compatriots ran out of ammunition and food, and the uprising leader committed suicide.

The upsurge of national democratic movement violently impacted Japanese colonial rule in Taiwan Province Province. 193 1 In the summer of, the Japanese colonial rulers began to suppress their compatriots in Taiwan Province province in an all-round way and practiced white terror. Countless Taiwan Province compatriots and patriotic progressives have been imprisoned and persecuted. However, the people of Taiwan Province Province were not conquered by fascist atrocities, and they continued to struggle in various forms until they won the final victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

According to historical facts, international agreements during the Second World War reaffirmed that Taiwan Province Province is an inalienable part of China. 1943 1 February 1 day, the Cairo Declaration signed by China, the United States and Britain stipulated that "the territories stolen by Japan from China, such as Manchuria, Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Islands, should be returned to China". 1On July 26th, 945, the Potsdam Proclamation signed by China, the United States, Britain and the post-Soviet Union reiterated that "the conditions of the Cairo Declaration will be implemented".

1On August 5th, 945, Japan announced that it accepted the terms in the Potsdam Proclamation and surrendered unconditionally. After eight years of arduous anti-Japanese war, the people of China made great sacrifices, and finally defeated the Japanese invaders with the people all over the world, bringing Taiwan Province Province back to the embrace of the motherland and ending the humiliating history of Taiwan Province compatriots being enslaved by Japanese imperialism. In the same year1October 25th, 10, the China government held a Japanese surrender ceremony in Taiwan Province province. After the meeting, the Chief Executive of Taiwan Province Province officially announced on behalf of the China Municipal Government that from now on, all land, people and government affairs belonging to Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Islands will be under the sovereignty of China. Compatriots in Taiwan Province Province were ecstatic, and every household decorated with lanterns and drank alcohol in worship of their ancestors. Tens of thousands of people from all walks of life in Taipei held a parade around the city, cheering for their return to the embrace of the motherland and celebrating the great victory of China people War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the people of the whole country longed for peace, realized democracy and established an independent and prosperous new China. However, the Kuomintang government affiliated to the United States launched a nationwide civil war against * * *. On the one hand, they attacked the vast liberated areas led by China's * * * production party, on the other hand, they searched and persecuted the people in the Kuomintang-ruled areas crazily in an attempt to drag China back to the dark world. This angered the people of the whole country and forced them to stand up and fight resolutely. 1947 On February 28th, at the height of the national democratic revolution, the people of Taiwan Province Province held an armed uprising against the Kuomintang regime. The "February 28th Uprising" won the deep sympathy of people from all walks of life in China. The Central Committee gave warm support and pointed out: "The armed self-defense of the people of Taiwan Province Province is forced, necessary, just and correct"; Announced that "the soldiers and civilians in the liberated areas will definitely support you and help you in your own struggle." Although the "February 28th Uprising" failed under the bloody suppression of the Kuomintang government, it once again showed the indomitable fighting spirit of our compatriots in Taiwan Province Province.

1949 65438+ 10 1, the people of the whole country overthrew the Kuomintang government under the leadership of the China * * * production party, and a new China was born. Since then, the history of China has entered a new era. On the eve of the liberation of the motherland, Chiang Kai-shek and some Kuomintang military and political personnel ran to Taiwan Province Province. Relying on the protection and support of the United States, they maintained the local security situation in Taiwan Province Province and split Taiwan Province Province from the motherland again.

While opening people to visit relatives in the mainland, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province adhere to the so-called "three noes" policy of "no contact, no negotiation and no compromise", claiming that "only after China completely abandons Marxism-Leninism and agrees with the Three People's Principles can officials on both sides of the strait have contact".

1 "Negotiations on Two Airlines" Since 1949 Kuomintang authorities fled Taiwan Province, the first real contact negotiation between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait was in1May 986. This was an unexpected cross-strait negotiation, and the Taiwan Province authorities were dragged to the negotiating table reluctantly.

1986 At 3 pm on May 3, a Taiwan Province "China Airlines" Boeing 747 cargo plane with the number "B- 198" suddenly deviated from the route and flew northward, and later landed at Guangzhou Baiyun Airport. Captain Wang Xijue asked to settle in Chinese mainland, and the other two mechanics were in the same company. On the day of the incident, China Civil Aviation called "China Airlines" in Taiwan Province Province and asked it to send people to Beijing as soon as possible to discuss the handling of aircraft, cargo and other crew members.

In the face of this sudden incident, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province immediately fell into a dilemma. According to the "three noes" policy, we can't negotiate with China, but we can't solve the problem without negotiation. After weighing the pros and cons, in order to avoid giving people the impression that the two sides are negotiating, Jiang Jingguo finally decided to entrust China Airlines, the authorized representative of Cathay Pacific Airlines in Hong Kong, to negotiate with China Civil Aviation to solve the man-machine handover problem on the premise of adhering to the "three noes" policy. Jiang Jingguo also instructed China Airlines to solve the aftermath in accordance with international practice. This inappropriate and unnecessary decision was naturally opposed by the mainland of the motherland. The mainland of the motherland believes that this is purely a commercial negotiation between the two airlines and does not involve political issues. Since it is a handover, it should be handled directly and responsibly by both parties to ensure that the plane and two other crew members who wish to return to Taiwan Province Province can return to Taiwan Province Province safely. China Civil Aviation once again called "China Airlines" to urge it to reply as soon as possible, and suggested that if Taiwan Province Province thinks it is inconvenient to go to Beijing, it can also negotiate at a place they think is convenient.

After two weeks of negotiations, from May 1986 to May 17-20, "China Airlines" and three representatives from China Airlines each held a four-day historic negotiation in Hong Kong, reached an agreement on the handover of cargo planes, crew and cargo, and signed the Minutes of Talks between the two airlines.

2. The "Golden Gate Talks" In the late 1980s, because the authorities of Taiwan Province Province refused the "three links" between the two sides of the strait and pursued a one-way opening policy, the normal exchanges between mainland people and Taiwan Province Province were restricted, and mainland residents went to Taiwan privately in coastal areas. The military and police in Taiwan Province Province took inhuman and compulsory "repatriation by boat" against mainland people who crossed the border into Taiwan Province privately, which led to several casualties among mainland compatriots during the repatriation. 1In July and August, 1990, two tragedies occurred, in which 25 people were collectively nailed to the cabin and suffocated, and 2 1 person was killed because the repatriated ship was hit by a Taiwan Province warship and fell into the water. The barbaric acts of the military police in Taiwan Province Province have been unanimously condemned by people on both sides of the strait.

1August, 990, in order to avoid the recurrence of the tragedy of death and injury, and effectively solve the problem of repatriation of private passengers, the China Red Cross suggested to the Red Cross Organization of Taiwan Province Province that the repatriation operation agreement be signed between the two sides of the strait, so that the repatriation operation could be carried out under the witness of the Red Cross organizations on both sides of the strait. Under the strong pressure of public opinion, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province quickly responded positively to the suggestions of the China Red Cross Society. Considering that the signing of the agreement requires on-the-spot investigation of the repatriation route, and in order to take care of the confidentiality requirements of Taiwan Province Province, the two sides decided to set the negotiation place at Kinmen Island, which is still the "battlefield" of the Kuomintang and has not yet lifted martial law.

1 990 On the morning of September1,four people, including Han Changlin, Secretary-General of China Red Cross Society, set off from Xiamen Du Dong Wharf and went straight to Kinmen. In Ren 'ai Xinzhuang, where he stayed, Han Changlin and Chen, Secretary General of the Red Cross Society of Taiwan Province Province, held consultations on the participation of the Red Cross organizations in witnessing the implementation of maritime repatriation by the competent authorities, and signed an agreement on June 5438+02. Based on the pragmatic spirit of effectively solving problems and avoiding cross-strait political differences that are still difficult to solve, the two sides have clearly defined the principles, targets and repatriation procedures of witness repatriation.

3 。 Due to the rigid "three noes" policy, the authorities of Taiwan Province Province are unable to conduct formal contacts and negotiations with the mainland. 1990165438+1October 2 1 In order to meet the needs of the development of cross-strait relations and promote the mainland's limited policy, the Taiwan Province provincial authorities established the "SEF", which was officially listed on March 9.19/. This semi-official organization, which appears as a non-governmental organization, is directly under the mainland Committee of the Executive Yuan. Its task is to accept the entrustment of the Mainland Affairs Council to handle cross-strait affairs that are inconvenient for the authorities of Taiwan Province Province to come forward. Known as the gloves of the mainland affairs Council. The first chairman of SEF was Ku Zhen Fu, a member of the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang, and a wealthy Taiwanese cement industry. Vice President and Secretary-General Chen, Deputy Secretary-General Chen Rongjie.

When SEF was established, its orientation was "to coordinate and handle the related affairs between Taiwan Province Province and the mainland people, with the aim of safeguarding the rights and interests of the people in the two places, not for profit". The main work of the Association includes the following seven businesses: (1) Receiving goods, transferring goods and issuing and reissuing relevant certificates for people on both sides of the strait. (2) Verifying documents, proving identity relations, assisting in serving litigation documents and repatriating criminals in Chinese mainland. (3) Collect and publish economic and trade information of Chinese mainland, and coordinate and handle indirect trade, investment and their disputes. (4) Cultural exchanges between people on both sides of the strait. (five) to help safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Taiwan Province compatriots during their stay in Chinese mainland. (6) Consulting services related to cross-strait people's exchanges. (seven) other matters entrusted by the government.

Immediately after the establishment of the association, it assumed the functions of cross-strait transactional contact and exchange previously undertaken by the Red Cross Society, and sent personnel to visit relevant departments in the mainland of China to establish communication channels.