Briefly describe the historical background, reasons for victory and historical significance of the American War of Independence.

Background:/kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, the British began to establish colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America. 100 years later, there were 13 British colonies in North America. The inhabitants of these colonies are not only British immigrants and native Indians, but also people from other European countries and black slaves from Africa. Every colony was ruled by a governor sent by Britain. At this time, the colony has developed a large number of plantations and established a variety of industries such as textile, ironmaking and mining, and its economy is relatively prosperous. In order to increase fiscal revenue, the British government constantly increased the tax revenue of the colonies, and carried out arbitrary oppression and cruel exploitation of the colonies.

Since Britain developed overseas colonies, in order to safeguard Britain's monopoly interests, some laws have been promulgated to restrict the economic development of colonies, such as the Navigation Act. With the development of North American colonies themselves, the colonial people increasingly hope to reduce their dependence on Britain and seek to develop their own economy independently. However, this has aroused the dissatisfaction of the British authorities, because the British authorities hope that the North American colonies can continue to serve as suppliers of cheap raw materials and markets for dumped goods. Therefore, the British authorities began to adopt many high-handed policies to prevent the free development of the colonies from being squeezed. The British authorities first issued a decree forbidding colonial residents from exploring the west and issuing their own banknotes, and then imposed heavy taxes on them and dissolved their parliament. In 1960s, in order to increase the tax revenue of North American colonies, Britain promulgated the Stamp Duty Ordinance of 1765 and the Townsend Tax Law of 1767. The colonial residents were strongly dissatisfied and held a large-scale demonstration. However, the British authorities not only ignored it, but also sent British troops to North America to shoot Boston residents who resisted the tyranny of the British authorities on March 5, 1973, creating the "Boston Massacre", which aroused the resentment of the colonial people, and then the Boston Tea Party took place on February 6, 1973. 1774, the British authorities promulgated five "intolerable bills", which intensified the contradictions between the two sides.

Reasons for victory: The American War of Independence is a typical example of defeating the strong with the weak, which won the support and support of people at home and abroad (about 7,000 international volunteers participated in the War of Independence). The broad masses of soldiers and civilians fought bravely and played a decisive role in the victory of the war. During the war, the United States implemented a flexible foreign policy and used international contradictions to obtain assistance from France, Spain and the Netherlands. The US military is flexible in strategy and tactics. It adopts the combat style of combining regular warfare with guerrilla warfare, abandons the traditional linear combat formation, and adopts open formation combat according to the topography, regardless of the gains and losses of a city and a place, with the focus on destroying the enemy's effective strength. The victory of the War of Independence paved the way for the development of American capitalism and had a great influence on the French Revolution and the Latin American national liberation movement.

Historical significance: The victory of the War of Independence freed the United States from British colonial rule, realized national independence, cleared the obstacles for the development of American capitalism, set an example for the national independence movement of Latin American people, and promoted the European revolution in the18th century. The Declaration of Independence, the Constitution of 1787, and the new political system they established are precious legacies of human civilization.