The American Zoo in the Zoo

/kloc-In the late 8th century, a large number of European immigrants settled on the east coast of American continent. At that time, the west was still barren, and the pioneers marched to the west. Everything in the west, including the animals there, is full of mysterious attraction to them. At that time, an important commercial activity was active: roving exhibitions. In exhibitions all over the town, merchants show all kinds of useful and useless items such as dog skin plasters to residents along the way, including animals in cages that everyone is very interested in. Of course, you have to pay money to see them. This kind of circus-like touring zoo walks around the town, and even a small town with only a few thousand people will stop to perform. This kind of exhibition has always been very popular in Europe, so it is very popular all over the United States.

In new york, Philadelphia, Boston and other new American cities, residents have got rid of the plight of making a living when they first arrived, settled down and began to enjoy life. Concert halls, cinemas and museums began to be built, and fresh things such as fossils, minerals and animal and plant specimens were placed in the windows of nature or museums for people to enjoy. Most traveling circuses or zoos in early America were similar. Businessmen keep animals such as bears and eagles in cages and shuttle between towns and villages for entertainment. When the number of people living in a place increases, the zoo will settle down and stop wandering around. Early zoos did not need to introduce animals from overseas, and the local animals in North America were fresh enough for everyone.

/kloc-three factors at the beginning of the 0/8th century prompted the zoo to integrate into the life of North Americans. First, the development of the city has brought a large number of curious audiences; Second, transportation to Europe, South America, Africa and the East is no longer difficult, but also very common; Third, this convenient transportation makes it easier to bring back live animals. Going to other continents, especially Africa, hunting large animals, hanging trophies on the walls, selling prepared specimens to museums, and selling live animals to zoos, circuses or private collectors, all these fabulous things are simply too tempting for young people in North America. Managers and scientists from major museums also formed expeditions and were sent to collect specimens all over the world. Teddy Roosevelt was one of the most famous explorers and hunters. He later became the 26th president of the United States. His task is to collect as many rare animals as possible. Some of the animals he collected were sold to circuses and zoos, and many stuffed specimens were placed in natural museums. His two sons are also hunters. They are the first foreigners to hunt giant pandas in China. The American Civil War from 186 1 to 1865 diverted people's attention. After the war, the economy recovered and the city developed more rapidly, which also promoted the development of the zoo. Before the Civil War, new york had become one of the few big cities in the United States. Its zoo appears in 178 1, which is a private zoo. According to 1879, there were tigers, orangutans, sloths, baboons, buffaloes, crocodiles, lizards and snakes.

Starting from 186 1, another animal collection point appeared near Fifth Avenue and 64th Street in New York, which is now the Central Wildlife Park. From the beginning, it was as messy as the zoo mentioned above, except for some animals donated by people, including a black bear, two cows, Virginia deer, monkeys, raccoons, foxes, opossums and ducks. It is an animal that private collectors and touring groups want to abandon. Some animals are kept in the basement of today's Wildlife Conservation Society and the Arsenal Street office building of new york Park Management Office, while others are also near Arsenal Street. In the first 50 years, the Central Zoo was definitely a caged zoo, and the narrow cages were full of iron bars. Later, after ten years, it gradually evolved into a fairly good city zoo, which is today's Central Park Wildlife Conservation Center. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, new york Zoo is a good place for entertainment, whether it's a rich gold digger on Fifth Avenue or a working class eager for rest. For new immigrants living in dark and crowded rented houses in the East District, it is also a pleasure to spend a few cents on the tram or visit the Sunshine Zoo. 1868, the Central Park Zoo gave a pair of swans to Linkin Park in Chicago, and then there was the Lincoln Zoo in Chicago. Later, Linkin Park got many gift animals one after another. Up to 1873, there are 27 species of mammals and 48 species of birds in Linkin Park. These two parks are the earliest caged zoos in the United States, and now they have become respected modern zoos.

At that time, the two caged zoos were located in the city park and were managed by the park management office. Employees simply don't know how to raise animals, and their jobs are not fixed. This employee is still sweeping the floor this month and may be sent to raise animals next month. Until 1980, the Wildlife Conservation Society signed an agreement with new york City to take over the management of Central Park and the Brooklyn and Queens zoos. Although these zoos still belong to the municipal government, the management right has been handed over to the conservation association. Today, those rare animals and landmark buildings still stand in the same place, but she has changed from a cage zoo to an excellent wildlife protection center, representing the development direction of 2 1 century zoo.

In the 1950s, Philadelphia was the center of American politics and culture. Some politicians, scientists and businessmen suggested that Philadelphia should have its own zoo, because some of them were impressed by London Zoo and thought it would bring benefits to the development of the city. From 65438 to 0859, Philadelphia was the largest city in America. At that time, the Baltimore Botanical Garden, the first botanical garden in the United States, had been built, as well as the Natural Pillar Museum, many European-style parks and gardens, as well as cultural facilities such as concert halls and circuses. On March 2 1 of the same year, the Philadelphia Wildlife Association was established, which was the idea of Dr. William Carmack. He visited many zoos in Europe and thought that zoos were a new starting point for Philadelphia's cultural development. However, not everyone agreed with him, and due to the influence of the civil war, the association stopped working until 1872, when he called it. Different from previous caged zoos, the design of Philadelphia Zoo is planned. The animal cage is a permanent building, designed and built by professional architects. It is planned to hire full-time keepers to take care of animals, send personnel to buy animals in a planned way, and implement membership system to raise funds. After 15 years' efforts, Philadelphia Zoo finally officially opened on July 1 day, welcoming the first batch of 3,000 visitors. At that time, the admission fee was 25 cents for adults and 0 cents for children/kloc-0. Seeing beautiful animal cages, bird gardens, monkey halls and all kinds of rare animals, people received rave reviews. Twenty-six years later, Philadelphia Animals took the lead in establishing a scientific laboratory for zoo research.

After the war, Washington became the capital of America. At that time, there was a world-famous natural museum-Smithsonian College. At 1870, there will be an animal society. Due to lack of support, there was no zoo. There is only a small farm for storing some specimens of the Natural Museum, which is managed by specimen producer William Hornard and opened to the public on 1887. However, under the pressure of the US Congress, a zoo covering an area of 175 mu was established with both research and exhibition functions, and it was officially opened to tourists in 189 1 year. 1895 Shortly after the opening of the Washington Zoo, the new york Animal Association, later the Wildlife Conservation Association, was established, with the purpose of devoting itself to the in-depth study of animals and providing services for the leisure and entertainment of ordinary people. Later, the report, which is considered to be of great guiding significance to the development of the association itself and other zoos, put forward: "carry forward the spirit of protecting and breeding North American animals in cooperation with other organizations and oppose the destruction of wildlife resources." The animal society began to work, striving for funds and other support to build a zoo in the suburbs. Four years later, on1October 8th, 1899 165438, the new york Bronx Zoo, headed by William Honnard, a former Smithsonian taxidermist, officially opened. With the development of economy, people pay more attention to natural resources, including zoos.

In America, zoos have become an important entertainment place. As of 1999, there are 23 zoos in the United States, including the National Zoo, Bronx Zoo, San Diego Zoo and Atlanta Zoo. Zoos and Botanical Gardens are regarded as one of the necessary contents of a large-scale park system.