The detailed knowledge of Buntic.

Experts believe that most of the replicas of/kloc-0 after 1990s are ordinary wood fossils of Myanmar trees which are abundant in Myanmar, and the degree of protein is not enough. Beads with black edges, bone products made in India, and even stones in other areas can't pass ultraviolet detection. Today, modern Buntik beads are still made in Myanmar, and new styles have been added to imitate traditional shapes and decorations. The beadmaker selects silicon fossils, grinds them into beads and polishes them, and then draws totem holes. Cultural beads, which combine fossils, skills, art and ancient cultural relics, are very popular among antique dealers.

Since it is a kind of wood fossil, the surface characteristics of beads include wood grain and capillary holes. The surface glaze color of beads is special, and the precious cultural value is this mysterious national color and rich religious and humanistic legends. Qin tribe prayed to the god of nature to drive away evil spirits and increase good luck, believing that wearing this totem-decorated bead would have magical protective energy. According to the totem of flowers, plants, insects, birds, stars, mountains, rivers, storms, lightning, animal dermatoglyphics or temples, it bears the significance of religious belief and shows the unique connotation of art. Wear a necklace of Bountyke beads and Pumtek beads or hand-made necklaces. First, there are energetic wood fossil beads, which make people feel the energy of silicon gas, balance positive and negative ions, and regulate qi for health, experts say. The other is the ordinary and mysterious brown pattern, which is unique and low-key and luxurious. Clever gameplay that can be deconstructed and reconstructed has different combinations according to different life experiences. Is to experience the fun of cultural beads and share it with everyone.

Wood fossils are the evolution of prehistoric trees. About 300 million years ago, a large amount of volcanic ash produced by volcanic eruption buried these trees at that time and turned them into wood fossils. When they are buried in sand and mud, fossils are usually preserved. Gradually, minerals infiltrated into fossils to replace organic matter, which produced a replication effect in stones. Under the great pressure of sediment, these original trees became rocks generated by sediment. Wood fossils are harder and harder as they get older, and they are more shiny, like jade. For more than 2000 years, the wooden fossil dzi beads of Pumtek were made by ancient Qiang people with wooden fossils formed hundreds of millions of years ago. The older the wood fossil, the harder it is. The more they shine like jadeite!

Buntik Pearl originates from the worship of nature and the belief handed down by ancestors, but its value is the spiritual sustenance for people to pursue sustainable development. The rich and varied appearance of Bangtikezhu is the immortal praise of collectors in past dynasties. It is said that it is a powerful magnetic field energy to offer Buddha, which makes people have good thoughts and compassion. The miraculous effect of wooden beads used to treat diseases is also heard from time to time, which increases the infinite charm of wooden beads.

Beads with religious and artistic colors made of wood fossils are the names of collectors and antique dealers in Taiwan Province Province, mahooya, a descendant of the original Qiang people, a family heirloom of the Qin people and a foreign pumtek. Judy's totem patterns are based on the sun, moon, stars, morning, mountains, rivers, lightning, wind and rain, animals, temples and other totems. These all have special significance. Judy is actually a wood fossil bead. The long years and chemical and physical changes from trees to wood fossils are indescribable! The beadmaker selects wood fossils, and then draws line totems and holes on them, thus forming a wooden bead integrating fossils and antique works!

Legend has it that a man kept a goat, a fat sheep that came down from the sky. Whenever the owner feeds the goat according to his own wishes, the excrement discharged by the goat becomes beautiful Buntik beads. If a goat is fed enough food, it will excrete better beads, and vice versa. Later, the person who owned the orb became the tribal leader! When it comes to the topic of dzi beads, at present, there may be few people in Taiwan Province Province or Chinese mainland who don't know it, but few people know it when they ask about dzi beads. It is a very interesting topic to discuss dzi beads and dzi beads from the perspective of fairy tales. If the dzi beads really fell from the sky as a savior given by the gods, then the dzi beads will be said to be protective amulets bred by Mother Earth. How apt it is to describe Dizhu with the capacity of heaven and earth. From the mineralogical point of view, agate or wood fossils can be formed, both of which belong to the chronotectonic group, with high silicon content and similar hardness. In recent years, almost all the dzi beads in the mountainous areas along the border between Myanmar, India, Tibet and Myanmar have been bought by antique dealers, and it is difficult to find them in wooden bead ornaments. Fortunately, colorful ancient dzi beads can still be found in Qin culture. In fact, it has been widely circulated in the pearl circle for a long time, but it has not yet reached the point of household name. )

With the changes of the times, the Qiang people were threatened by war after the Qin Dynasty and fled their homes for generations and settled in Myanmar. Fortunately, some Qiang people led by chiefs kept their traditional customs. In fact, when the Qiang people fled, they only carried the precious Judy necklace. For them, Judy is also a symbol of their family's glory, so its representative significance is particularly important! The chief is the leader with the highest seniority among the Qiang people and has the best and most complete Judy necklace. Some special Judy can't be worn by ordinary people, only elders and hunting heroes can wear it. After the early 20th century, women's Zhu Mu necklaces were usually decorated with more coins. According to the investigation of ornaments in various regions, it is speculated that in the past, chiefs led their people to live in different mountainous areas, so each village developed different costumes and folk customs. At the same time, it also derived the migration route of Qiang nationality and the depth of its influence. From the 3rd century BC to the 1st century BC, there were China areas such as Sichuan, Xikang, Gansu, Shaanxi and Qinghai. From the 1st century to the 19th century, there were Assam, Miroland, eastern Bengal, northeastern Thailand, central Myanmar, western Tibet, Mongolia and other border mountainous areas in northeastern India. After the 19th century, there were Nepal, Myanmar and Yunnan Province in China.

In ancient times, the Qiang people in northwest Sichuan were under the jurisdiction of the ox hair petty officer and the wool petty officer respectively. They used two horns and two horns to symbolize the cow god and the sheep god and enshrined them on the wall. From the origin, Qiang people, Jiang surname and Jiang Rong family are all one family, but they are just homologous. Qiang is one of the oldest ethnic groups in China, and Gan Qing has been one of the birthplaces of human beings since ancient times. In the early days of China from 2000 to 3500 years ago, these Qiang cultures radiated in four directions, centering on Huangshui River Basin and its meandering section in eastern Qinghai, Taohe River Basin in Gansu and the upper reaches of Weishui River. The Hexi Corridor was north and south, the eastern Shaanxi, the northern and southern Sichuan and the western Xinjiang may be affected. The Qiang people in the center of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are the former residences of the Qinqin people in Myanmar today!

In the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou people had the closest relationship with Qiang people (especially Jiang's family). The matriarchal ancestors of Zhou people originated from the surname Jiang among Qiang people. Qiang-Zhou alliance has always been a stable force of Zhou regime, but the rebellion of governors and family wars made Zhou dynasty decline. After the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States and the Qin Dynasty, due to the hegemony of various countries and the struggle of great powers, it will be rugged in the thorns, depending on the infringement between great powers.

At present, the descendants of Guxiqiang now live in Songpan, Heishui, Wenchuan, Li Mao and Ganmu in the northwest of Sichuan, and Kaha, Faram, Tentrang, Tedim and Dunzang in the Chin State of Myanmar! Especially for the Qiang people in Myanmar, since the Qin Dynasty in 22 1 A.D., their ancestors have been living a nomadic life of obscurity, avoiding war and running around, and the wooden bead necklace has become a relic of their memory ancestors!

In ancient times, most Qiang people lived in the east of East Asia Plateau and the northwest of China. Some ancestors of Qiang people lived in the Yangtze River, the birthplace of the Yellow River (now Qinghai Province) and the southern part of Sichuan Province (now Ganmuyi) in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Qiang people are not just a nation, but many nomadic people in the west. Since Qin Shihuang of China unified China in 22 1 BC, Qin Jun (the general of the Qin Dynasty) often fought against nomadic people invading from the northeast and attacked Qiang people in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. As a result, some Qiang people who originally lived in Sichuan in the upper reaches of the Yellow River were forced to leave their long-term hometown and move north across the Yellow River in search of a safe and prosperous plain to live in. In the process of migration, some Qiang people passed through Qinghai, Xikang, Jinsha River and Nujiang River, and entered savage mountain, a once-in-a-century empty city (China and Myanmar have not been defined yet) with long-term snow-covered mountains and rivers.

At that time, they entered the early AD. Other Qiang people (people who have not migrated) live in the Yi people in Qinghai Province. After a long period of political transformation and border war in China, by the time of the Tang Dynasty, some Qiang people who lived as nomads became Mongols and some were Tibetans (Tufan), but a small number of Qiang people still lived in Xikang Mountain area!

The Qiang people who lived in the upper reaches of Irrawaddy River in northern Myanmar, because they lived in the border area between Tibet and northern Myanmar, and because the Qiang ethnic group and the ethnic minorities in the neighboring mountainous areas of China only moved here from the15th century to the16th century, historians later called all the immigrant groups who came to Myanmar from Tibet or China depamanma!

Speaking of the colorful beauty of wooden beads, it is impossible to form an attractive and intriguing beauty of cashier species if it is not worn by users for thousands of years, exposed to cold and hot weather and pondered under many natural conditions. However, the most important beauty of beads is not the cultural background of their surface patterns, but the mottled beauty of their own materials moved by time and space!

When the ancestors of these Qiang people arrived in northern Myanmar, they slowly moved to central Myanmar and lived on both sides of Qindun River, a tributary of Irrawaddy River. Qindun River was named after Qinqin. At that time, the Qiang people, that is, the Germans, established the Deye Kingdom in Myanmar, which was the only way for China to trade with Rome at that time, so it was also influenced by China culture. Later, it was wiped out by other ethnic groups, so it gradually moved to a mountainous area in western Myanmar. Today, Qin people are called Qin people. They got along well with the pyu people in Myanmar at that time. Pyu people live in cities with walls and buildings, while chin people live in big peripheral villages!

Around the 9th century AD, Nanzhao (Tang Dynasty) often invaded their place, breaking their peaceful life. Although the Qi people and the Qin people tried their best to rehabilitate themselves, they were all in vain. Later, a group of new forces, Myanmar, annexed the Qi people together when expanding the kingdom, but still maintained friendly relations with the Qin people. In fact, the word chin also has friends in Myanmar.

/kloc-In the 3rd century, Myanmar was attacked by Genghis Khan's army in Yuan Shizu, Mongolia, forcing the Qin people to abandon their homes and hide near Kalemie and Mita River. At that time, some people lived in Kaha mountain area in western Myanmar, and later many ethnic groups moved to the mountain area to settle down. Some settled in Mizoram area or Nagadi area in the border mountain area of India, and later the mountainous area in western Myanmar was called Qinshan by Burmese. According to Qin people's explanation, their ancestors all came from china, and Chin stands for China's chine, Qin Shihuang's CH-in, and Jin's Gin (oblique sound). In order to express the memory of the great and rich China and Qin Shihuang, therefore,

At present, all historical sites in Kaha area were built 1400 years ago. After A.D. 1644, during the reign of Prince Sihongti of China, some ethnic groups also entered the west from central Myanmar! There are many stories about the migration of various ethnic groups in the general name of Qin nationality, but none of them have anything to do with Qiang nationality. ) After the British government occupied Haka area on 1890 1 month 19, it established a large town and command center there, which was later occupied by the Japanese army. It was not until Myanmar became independent that Qinshan was officially named as Qinbang, thus ending the complicated migration process of Qiang people for more than 2,000 years.

Etiquette

Etiquette is interpreted as a form of etiquette, and all kinds of wedding, funeral and festive activities have their own forms, and China people pay special attention to these activities! Among the gifts given by Qin people, Judy is the most precious family heirloom. It can't be used for other purposes that are detrimental to the family's face except as a bride price or gift at the time of marriage and for the funeral activities of the deceased in exchange for compensation for slaves, guns, land or accidents!

If the old Judy Qin people want to sell it, its price is very expensive in Qinshan, because since the British entered Myanmar in 1885, Burmese people only need to spend two cents on a meal, but 50 yuan can only buy one Judy. At that time, one yuan was exchanged for 65 cents, but now it is 100 cents. At the current price in Taiwan Province Province, a Zhu Mu is about NT$ 8 1250 yuan! As far as I know, this Himalayan soil bead is a very special silicified wood bead. As for the actual production process, maybe only the ancestors of tubet know it! The proportion of this Himalayan earth bead is indeed heavier than that of ordinary jewelry beads, which can be determined to be caused by silicification of the material! Thousands of years ago, it is unknown why the ancestors of tubet chose this material to make wooden beads, but whether it is noble or not, this silicified wooden bead does have its own unique temperament. The string of wooden beads you see in front of you is orderly arranged and complete in shape. I believe it can be provided for in-depth study of art, literature and jewelry!

In Mizoram, India, other companies will add colored beads and coins to the original beaded necklaces, or make necklaces with knotted carnelian agate and beaded necklaces, and design patterns rich in Indian religion with new beaded manufacturing technology! In Nagalan Nature Reserve, India, a few Lusheguqiqin people use other materials to make necklaces, and plastic, copper, iron, aluminum, wood, ivory, animal bones, glass and other products are used as grinding beads necklaces. On the contrary, the Kukischin people in Myanmar don't wear grinding beads! Two or three agate necklaces with polished beads are very similar to those in Mirolan, India, while women in Haka use Myanmar coins from the 20th century as their main decoration. The length is short, but they have the habit of matching other ornaments, and the variety is rich! In men, the bead necklace is long and short enough to be worn around the neck. Wear it with simple beads, but the size of beads is usually much larger than that of women's beads and more expensive! According to an interviewer who has been to China in the past, on the plateaus of China provinces such as Xikang and Qinghai, the Qiang people only wear a few grinding beads on their necklaces, but in the mountainous areas of Tibet, several grinding beads are made of old beeswax, red coral, turquoise, dzi beads and glazed beads. The author once bought a necklace mixed with DYDZ beads and pyu beads in Qin Province, but the Qin people didn't understand the value of DYZ beads and only regarded it as a second-class pearl.

In addition, Yunnan ethnic groups along China's borders with Myanmar, Israel in the Middle East and Arabia also wear them, because they especially like Judy and are similar in religion. A small part of the farthest footprints of the Qiang people in South Asia (Qin people) reached the mountains near the Golden Triangle in northern Thailand, and their ornaments also retained the traditional shape. But at present, the old necklace has been found out by businessmen, and only the new Judy necklace is in use! According to the data, at the end of the 20th century, the number of Qiang people wearing Judy has been increasing, and they are also deeply loved by ethnic minorities in the Middle East and Central Asia, and their influence is becoming increasingly obvious. Therefore, the reputation of the Himalayas-Judy has aroused the admiration of the vast number of lovers and become one of the treasures collected by pearl collectors all over the world!

[Judy] Why is it pronounced PUMTEK Buntik? That's because around the13rd century, China invaded the central part of Myanmar, and the Qin people left their belongings on the banks of the Chin Win R. as a souvenir, and called the earth beads handed down from their ancestors PUMTEK, meaning that the people were buried by unexpected surprises after moving! Weddings of Qin people are divided into two categories: leaders and civilians. It is a special custom to marry people from other villages. Qin people can have multiple wives, but the inheritance of property is mainly that the first wife has the right, and concubines can only help with farming or housework!

Most wedding etiquette expenses of Qin people are inseparable from sheep, poultry, pigs, gongs and pots, and Judy is the most important. According to the grand and simple wedding, social status and financial resources, it usually takes 20 to 50 Judy, and some Judy are very expensive! In terms of funerals, three days before the death of relatives, relatives will perform the dance of death (lam sher). At first, on the first day, they would drill holes in the pot and kill animals for food. The next day, all relatives will get together and carry their best clothes and beads. In the middle of the room, a man is playing drums. Divide into two groups and turn around slowly. One group sings the song of death, and the other group sings the song of happiness. One group is at the end of the house.

This is the content of the performance for the dead. Songs sung in the land of the dead will be heard by the dead. Others, such as clothes and property (Dizhu), will be provided to the dead and taken away. After the performance, don't talk, all the good clothes and beads will be taken back by the original owner! The cost of the funeral depends on the social status of the deceased. Except for pigs and sheep, about 15 dizhu are needed to cover all the expenses. It can be seen that everyone will have it because of marriage. If converted into RMB, it will be a considerable wealth!

The price trend of old and new Judy

It is difficult for us to make an exact introduction to the old Judy market all over the world, which is related to Judy's own perfection, the beauty of color, the significance of decorative patterns, the complexity of meticulous brushwork, and the size, age and type. Usually, the seller decides the selling price. Of course, it was expensive in ancient times, and the current market price is not as good as in ancient times. What kind of price can be accepted by buyers depends on personal views based on the nature of collection or investment. It is a normal trading phenomenon that things are rare and expensive. However, novices need to know something about Tuzhu before buying. Now the price of ancient earth beads is still cheap, especially the one commonly known as watermelon beads is the lowest. Players may wish to play and have fun with their own experience from now on! Zhu Xindi is rich in products, so the price is much lower. The key to buying pearls lies in the material, grain and beautiful color of pearls, whether they will fade and the thickness of painters. Of course, it depends on your choice, but don't buy some counterfeit products with different materials, because the raw ore in Zhu Xindi will be less and less in a few days, and Zhu Xindi will be beautiful after playing for a long time, and the color of the shell will be beautiful. But in any case, it will never taste as good as old Judy. )

Since ancient times, countries around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have often been considered sparsely populated and full of mysterious religious colors. Princess Jincheng, Princess Wencheng and Princess Bhutan in ancient China are all famous for their integration into plateau culture. Tibetan ornaments are inseparable from the philosophy of heaven and earth, and also from the combination of coral, turquoise, pearls, beeswax, dzi beads and Judy (tiger pattern). In recent years!

Judy from ancient times recorded the history and culture of human ancestors. China's Spring and Autumn Period, the Yangtze River and Yellow River, the Himalayas, India's ancient Indian civilization, and the Irrawaddy River, all these places have been yearned for by collectors, historians, archaeologists, religious figures and adventurers since ancient times, and they are actively keen on exploring secrets! Because it has nurtured the great culture of mankind and hidden the treasures of religious culture, what we expect in this sacred and alternating Asian mountains and rivers is that when the gods cherish each other, they have a little affection related to antiques and compassion in their hearts. These gifts from God will accompany us through a long life! !