Shu-Han Empire is a huge refugee camp.

The so-called refugees are people who have fled, that is, people who have fled their homes due to natural disasters, wars, famines, plagues and other reasons. A refugee camp refers to a place where refugees live in concentrated communities, which can be established by the government or spontaneously formed by refugees. The concept of refugee camp has two elements: one is pure refugees or refugees as the main body; The second is to live together and even form villages or towns.

According to my definition, refugee camps can also be called immigrant camps. If refugees settle down in resettlement areas, they become immigrants.

Now let's see if the Shu-Han Empire is like a refugee camp.

In 2 17, Liu Bei became king in Hanzhong and was regarded as the official founding of the country. At this time, Shu State spanned Jing and Yi. 2 19 Battle of Xiangfan, Guan Yu lost Jingzhou. In 22 1 year, when Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, the territory of Shu was equivalent to today's Sichuan, Chongqing, northern Yunnan and southwestern Shaanxi, with the whole upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the center.

To the west of Chengdu is the east-west Hengduan Mountains, and to the west is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The northwest is Bayan Kara residual vein; Minshan is in the north. North of Hanzhong is Qinling Mountains; South of northeast Yunnan is Wumeng Mountain. The topography of the whole Shu country is surrounded by mountains on three sides, facing the water and leaning eastward like a bucket.

The outlet of Sichuan Basin is the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, which is the narrow gateway of Sichuan Basin, with fast-flowing water and dangerous terrain. Topographically, Sichuan Basin is a cage.

Theoretically, this terrain is easy to defend but difficult to attack. As long as we send troops to guard several mountain passes in the north and the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in the east, everything will be fine. The reality is that places that are easy to hold are places that are difficult to go out and expand; When you block others, you also trap yourself.

Chengdu Plain, with fertile soil, abundant rainfall, mild climate and four distinct seasons, is irrigated by Dujiangyan, which has been known as the land of abundance since ancient times. In the farming era, Chengdu Plain was a good place to live. Even in today's fast-paced life, Chengdu's carefree life is second to none in the national metropolis, making people want to sneeze.

In the era of great turmoil, the so-called three wars and four wars are often those economically developed areas or political centers. At this time, the closed Sichuan basin is a paradise for the people, and there will definitely be a large influx of refugees.

Sichuan basin is like a camp, behind closed doors, forming its own family and unity. Ordinary people live in such a camp, and the wind and waves are rough outside. I feel good walking around. The rulers living in such a camp will be somewhat complacent and arrogant; At the same time, being isolated from the world and looking on coldly may cause some fear and depression.

It is the inner complacency and depression of the rulers, the mixed sense of security and fear, and the geographical and economic characteristics of the Sichuan Basin that make southwest politics and power unique in the turbulent period.

The so-called characteristic is the representation that distinguishes it from other things, that is, rare things. It's rare and strange. Naturally, the political and economic characteristics of the Sichuan Basin during the Great Turbulence period seem strange to people.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Yizhou regime was separated from the central government, starting with Yizhou grazing Ada.

Ada, a distant branch of the royal family, was a low-ranking official in counties, and successively served as Luoyang Ling, Jizhou Secretariat, Zong Zheng and Taichang. After the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising, warlords, county chiefs and strongmen became increasingly powerful. Ada wrote to Liu Hong, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, suggesting that the secretariat should be changed to state animal husbandry, and the Qing Dynasty should be chosen as state animal husbandry to strengthen centralization.

Countries in the Eastern Han Dynasty were not administrative units, but supervisory units. Each state has a secretariat, stationed in a secretariat, responsible for the state's official management and discipline supervision. The state shepherd is a local head with military and political power. Theoretically, state shepherds can defend the central government on the premise of obedience. On the surface, Ada's suggestion is really good.

Ada's proposal to establish national animal husbandry is not out of loyalty to the country. At this time, Ada expected that there would be chaos in the world, and the Eastern Han Dynasty was not a country. Ada's original intention was to take the opportunity to get a job as a state shepherd, avoid the political whirlpool of the imperial court and avoid disaster.

At first, Ada wanted to be a state shepherd. Dong Fu told Ada that Yizhou was a son of heaven. Ada was full of energy and chose Yizhou as the resident. It happened that Yizhou secretariat _ thrifty blackmail provoked rebellion and was attacked by Yizhou yellow turban insurrectionary horse and died. Ada also got his wish and successfully became a shepherd in Yizhou.

It can be said that Ada entered Yizhou as a refugee and sought political asylum. After Ada came to power, he moved the state government to Mianzhu, recruited and surrendered rebels, expanded preferential treatment, and plotted to stand on his own feet. Ada killed a strongman to bully the opposition, sent Du Yi Zhang Lu, the son of his mistress Sima, into Hanzhong, cut off the plank road leading to Guanzhong, and killed Hanzhong officials appointed by the central government.

The situation in Yizhou quickly settled down, and Ada mastered the actual power of Yizhou.

Liu) is getting more and more prosperous, with more than 1000 riders.

The wolf's ambition is obvious when he approves himself to enjoy the treatment of the emperor.

When Ada went to Yizhou to take office, he only took his nephew Liu Xie, and his three sons Liu Fan, Liu Dan and Liu Zhang stayed with the emperor. Xian Di sent Liu Zhang to Yizhou to persuade his father, but Ada left Liu Zhang with him and refused to repatriate him.

In A.D. 194, Ambassador Yin colluded with Han Sui and Marten, warlords of Xiliang, to attack Chang 'an, and fought with Guo Si and Category in Changping Temple. Korea and Malaysia were defeated, Liu Fan died and Liu Dan was killed. Pang took his grandson to Beijing and sent him to Yizhou. It happened that Mianzhu City caught fire, and some of the benefits that Ada enjoyed above his level, such as cars and furniture, were burned out, which affected the people.

Ada lost his second son and felt the retribution of natural disasters. He moved Yizhou pastoral home back to Chengdu and died of gangrene.