What are the cultural characteristics of Barcelona, Spain?

As of August 20 12, the resident population of Barcelona was 16 10000.

language

Barcelona has three official languages. Catalan, Spanish and Aryan, English is also widely used.

History and culture

Barcelona is also the birthplace of Catalan culture, which is closely related to the development of French culture and language. There are missionary universities and Catalan medical schools and universities. There are many museums in this city, including Catalan Art Museum, picasso museum, History Museum, Nature Museum and more than 20 other museums. It is the first city in Spain to open a printing factory and the first city in Europe to publish newspapers. The Barcelona International Music Festival held in June 5438+ 10 every year is a grand music event. The 25th Olympic Games was held in this city. In the center of the old city, there are medieval cathedrals, palaces and houses, which were built in13rd century.

Barcelona is actually a twin city. This ancient city

A beautiful Gothic area and many architectural sites, because there are many unforgettable Gothic buildings made of gray stone, including the spectacular cathedral. The new town is a model of urban planning, with wide avenues, trees on both sides and a grand square. There are many churches and palaces in interesting medieval buildings. Barcelona is an elegant city. The slopes in the suburbs slowly connect with the surrounding hills. You can see the excellent scenery of the city from the nearby Tibidabo Mountain and Montehuixi hillside. In the distance is Montserrat, which is like a needle, and the famous Montserrat monastery is close to the mountainside. Barcelona is recognized by the international architectural community as the most perfect city that combines ancient civilization with modern civilization, and it is also the palace of artists. The remains of world famous artists such as Picasso, Gaudi and Miro can be seen everywhere in this city.

Barcelona has Roman wall ruins, ancient palaces and medieval houses, which complement modern architecture. Many streets still retain ancient pavements paved with stones. The Gothic Catholic Cathedral, built in14th century, is located in the center of the old city. Sagrada Familia is the largest church in Spain. Ramblas Street, which connects Hepingmen Square and Catalonia Square in the city center, is a famous "Flower Market Street". The beautiful spring scenery in Spain Square is unique and colorful. Fountains, zoos, botanical gardens and Monterey Park are famous for their waterfalls. There are more than 20 museums in Barcelona, such as Museum of Modern Art, Frederic Metz Exhibition Hall, picasso museum and Ocean Museum. The University of Barcelona has a history of more than 500 years, and its autonomous universities and technical colleges are also very famous. 5438+ 10 The international music festival held in June every year is the World Music Festival, and the local Salda gardener dance and guitar music are world-famous national songs and dances. Rose exhibition and bullfighting are held in April every year. [5]

Famous scenic spot

Museums and galleries

There are many museums and galleries in Barcelona, covering works from different regions and periods.

The MNAC Museu Nacional d 'art de Catalunya has a collection of 1 1 works of art from the 20th century, including a large number of works similar to those of Rome.

The Museum of Contemporary Art in Barcelona (MACBA) is dedicated to collecting works of art from Catalonia and Barcelona since the middle of the 20th century.

Former residence of antoinio gaudi

Picasso museum collected Picasso's works from early days to blue, pink, cubism and ceramics.

Joan Miró Foundation, collecting works from early to late Milo.

The Antoni Tàpies Foundation Museum has a collection of Tabbia's works.

City History Museum, which collects the archaeological remains of Barcelona.

Museu d'Arqueologia de Catalunya, collecting Catalan cultural relics.

Museu Marítim in Barcelona collects marine cultural relics.

The private Egyptian Museum (Museu Egipci) collects Egyptian cultural relics.

Barcelona Football Club Museum.

world heritage

Eight buildings in Barcelona are listed as World Heritage Sites:

This building designed by Antoni Gaudíi Cornet was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1984.

Production:

1. Casa Vicente, Vinson House (1883- 1888)

4. Palau G in Palau Guell? ELL ( 1886 - 1889)

3. Quayle Park G Park? ELL( 1900- 19 14)

4. Bart's house, Bart, your home? ; ( 1904- 1906)

5. Kasamir? Pedrola (1906- 19 12)

6. Sagrada Familia, Sagrada Familia (1883- 1926)

7. The building designed by Lluí s Domè nech I Minnich was listed on the World Heritage List in 1997:

⒏ Catalonia Concert Hall in Palau (1905- 1908).

(9) St. Paul's Hospital St. Croix's Hospital (1902- 1930)

6 economy

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summary

Barcelona is a port city of Catalonia, a world-famous Mediterranean scenic resort, a world-famous historical and cultural city and the most important trade, industry and financial base of Spain. The port of Barcelona is the largest port and container terminal on the Mediterranean coast and the largest comprehensive port in Spain.

primary industry

Barcelona has a long business tradition, but as one of the earliest industrialized regions in the European continent, it is little known. Barcelona's iron smelting technology has been advanced since the Middle Ages, and it can manufacture all kinds of excellent guns and firearms. In addition to all kinds of weapons-related trade, leather processed products here were also very famous at that time.

Industry used to be famous for machinery, textiles, printing, food and so on. , especially shipbuilding and textile industry, has the longest history and is the largest shipbuilding and textile center in China. After World War II, automobile, chemical industry, precision instruments, plastics and other industries developed rapidly. The total industrial output value accounts for 1/5 of the whole country, and it is the largest industrial center in Spain. Rich in wine, a wide variety, especially famous for aged wine. There is a wine museum. There are also world-famous Catalan eggs, milk, candy and pasta and other precious foods. Agriculture, especially Mediterranean fruit gardening, is quite developed in suburbs and surrounding areas. China's largest seaport and an important railway and aviation hub. Import and export trade accounts for more than 40% of the national total. Export textiles, ships, chemical raw materials, canned fruits, etc. ; Import machinery, oil, cotton, grain, etc. [6]

Secondary industry

Thanks to artistic and creative traditions, Barcelona has obvious advantages in industrial design. At the same time, due to its numerous characteristic buildings, Barcelona can hold numerous expositions for the whole world, which on the other hand promotes the development of tourism and hotel industry. The port of Barcelona is an important port on the west coast of the Mediterranean Sea, whether for freight or passenger transport.

Barcelona * * * Nine buildings are listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Barcelona * * * Nine buildings are listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Barcelona is an elegant city. The whole city lies on a narrow plain between two hills. The urban area is surrounded by mountains on three sides and a seaport on one side. The Mediterranean coast embraces Barcelona like a "V". It has convenient transportation with all parts of Europe and is an ideal short-term tourist destination. The charming port of Barcelona, with superior geographical location and complete facilities, has become the favorite stop for cruise companies. In 2002, Barcelona Port welcomed 633 cruise ships and 843,000 tourists, an increase of 28% compared with 5438+0 in 2006. The pier of the cruise ship is directly connected with the city center and shopping belt. Visitors can quickly visit various places of interest in the city center or shop in the largest 5 km shopping belt in Europe.

On the one hand, Barcelona maintains the antique style of the old city, on the other hand, it has a new area with modern buildings. Possess Catalan paintings left over from Roman times. The distinctive modernist architecture of Sagrada Família and Gaudi has become the symbol of this city, and millions of tourists come to enjoy it every year. The beaches in the harbour area are suitable for summer holidays. On the commanding heights of the city, Monju (Montju? C) Or Tibidabo nearby, you can have a panoramic view of Barcelona.

Main attraction

1. Bacelo Temple: One of the masterpieces of the famous architect Gaudi, it is a modernist style building with bright colors and irregular external walls, giving people a strange feeling.

2. Milla Palace: Another work of Gaudi, which adopts a streamlined structure and inherits Gaudi's weird style.

3. picasso museum: Picasso, like the painter Dari, the architectural geek Gaudi and the architect Milo, is a proud master of art in Barcelona, and he went to the world from here. Picasso museum has Picasso's major works in the blue period.

4. Sagrada Familia: Is it Antonio, the great Spanish architect? Gaudi's legacy (1852 ~ 1926). At first, it started under the command of architect Villars, but he only built a part of the basement and then quit. 1883, Gaudi officially took over until he died in a car accident 43 years later. Sancta familia Atonement Church originated from an organization called Josehines. Dissatisfied with the decadence of society, they plan to build a atonement church where believers can pray and seek forgiveness for the guilty. After Gaudi died, he left many materials, designs and models, but most of them were destroyed by anarchists during the Spanish Civil War, and the project didn't stop until 1952. Nearly 60% of the building has been completed, and the main economic sources are mainly social donations and ticket income. The official estimated completion time is 2026.

Designed by Gaudi

Gaudi architecture in Barcelona

Gaudi architecture in Barcelona

In such a complex building, it is not difficult to see his high piety and respect for religious beliefs. After Gaudi took over the construction of the Sagrada Familia atonement hall, he devoted himself to it and did not design any other buildings. For Gaudi, the Sagrada Familia atonement hall is not only a house built for God, but also a place for a week. This is also a book that every visitor can read-a catechism manual. The scenes in the Bible are vividly displayed in the whole building like pictures. The facade of the building is undoubtedly the stage that best reflects these religious scenes. The church has three magnificent facades: birth, death and glory, and the theme of each facade represents one aspect of Jesus' ordination: as a person on earth, as the savior of mankind, as the judge who decides life and death on the last judgment day. By the time Gaudi died, the facade of the birth of Jesus, an oriental earthman, had been basically completed, and the walls were covered with extremely complicated and meticulous decorations and sculptures, mostly with the characters and scenes in the Bible as the theme, showing unparalleled superb architectural skills. Light plays a very important role in Gaudi's secular architecture and has symbolic significance here. The East is the place where the sun rises, the starting point for people to receive the first ray of sunshine, and the symbol of redemption.

5. El Park: 1900, Count Gul entrusted Gaudi to design a middle-class suburban residential area in the northern suburb of Barcelona at that time. The residential area plan was not realized, but a park, Gul Park, was built.

At the entrance of the park, there are doormen designed by Gaudi and two small offices. After entering the garden, a unique large step leads people to a multi-column hall, followed by an ancient Greek theater. The big steps continue to lead people to the roof platform in the multi-column hall. The platform is broad, about 30 meters wide and deep, surrounded by low walls and chairs. It is a good place for tourists to play, party, walk and dance.

The architecture of Gul Park is a masterpiece of Gaudi's mature creative career, which fully embodies his aesthetic thought. There are also many small towers and protrusions on the roofs of the two small buildings at the entrance to the park, which are very strange in shape. Its outer surface is inlaid with broken porcelain pieces of white, line, brown, blue, green and orange, with strange patterns. The columns of the multi-column hall are in regular shape and orderly arrangement, which is rare in Gaudi's works. The low wall around the roof platform twists and turns, and colorful tiles are stuck on the wall, forming a strange and inexplicable pattern, like a curved python.

6. St. PAU Hospital, far from Sagrada Familia Cathedral, is said to be the architect's method, Gaudi's, and the two buildings are also relative.

St. Croix Hospital, listed as a "heritage", was partially built in 1902. It was originally planned according to a small city, covering an area of 9 blocks. 12 Independent modernist buildings follow a large number of Christian symbols and are arranged coherently in a whole big garden. A modern new hospital was recently built in the northwest corner of about 1/3. The old building is used as a blood bank, laboratory, ward or logistics service department. For the medical community, being listed as a world cultural heritage may be nothing. More importantly, the second oldest hospital in the world was formed by the merger of six small hospitals in 140 1, and it has the most important medical archives heritage in the world.

7. This is a monument

At the end of Rambla Avenue, the Columbus Memorial Tower stands in memory of the navigator who discovered America. To some extent, this discovery opened the Spanish colonial rule in South America. Today, however, a large number of South American immigrants come here in Spanish, and history always seems to go on and on.

8. Gold Coast and Bell Harbor

Some people say that if there is a paradise that attracts men's attention in the world, it must not be Thailand, not Cuba, but Barcelona. In this southern European resort, the beach full of bikini girls is the most unforgettable place, and the hot people on the beach are the most eye-catching treasures of men. Catalan girls seem to be born with all the necessary elements of female beauty: sexy figure, healthy skin color, long blonde shawl, beautiful face ... More importantly, they have the unique enthusiasm of Catalan nation, and their beauty is a kind of dynamic and happy beauty. I lay on the golden yellow, soft, thin and warm beach, holding a drink in my hand, quietly enjoying everything in front of me and breathing fresh and slightly salty air. White waves between gold and blue remind me of my hometown, a beautiful coastal city. Looking up, the vast and magnificent seascape, from near to far-golden beach, white waves, green sea water, dark blue ocean, the heart rises and falls with the waves, and the line of sight unfolds with the sea color. The setting sun generously caressed the scenery, and the warm and humid sea breeze blew on the face, which made people reluctant to leave for a long time.

Following the bronze statue of Columbus pointing to the sea, I came to the sea where Columbus sailed. This is a deep-water wharf in the port of Barcelona. I envy the many private yachts. In the blue sea, there is a replica of Rania, a sailboat that Columbus took when he went out to sea, for tourists to visit. On the bank of Delmar pontoon bridge, a romantic sea breeze rambler, the wavy curve outlines Barcelona's most romantic scene like a photo frame. The long coastline paved a unique colorful slate pedestrian walkway, separated from the charming blue ocean by a romantic and charming golden beach with a width of more than ten meters. Every other way, there are stone seats dedicated to couples facing the sea, which highlights the tenderness of Barcelona people beyond their passion. Tall palm trees are planted on both sides of the road, and the green broad leaves sway with the sea breeze, as if conveying all kinds of mysterious information to pedestrians. I found a wooden chair, leaning against the sea and facing the wind. Nearby, the ships docked in the harbor are dense, and in the distance, the dark sky and the sea blend together. Enjoy the blue ocean with white waves lapping on the shore here, and see the green city with green grass there. It is beautiful, harmonious, exquisite and elegant, which makes people feel happy and pleasing to the eye.