How did the Southern Song Dynasty perish?

The Southern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Yuan Dynasty. 1235, Mongolia invaded the Southern Song Dynasty, and the soldiers and civilians in the Southern Song Dynasty fought to the death. Until 1276, Lin' an prefecture fell, and 1279, Song Jun was defeated in the naval battle of Yashan. Lu Xiufu jumped into the sea with the late Song Emperor Zhao Min, and the Southern Song Dynasty perished.

The Battle of Yashan is directly related to the survival of the Southern Song Dynasty, so it is also the decisive battle of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. At the end of the war, the Yuan army was outnumbered, and Song Jun was wiped out. When the Southern Song Dynasty destroyed the country, Lu Xiufu threw himself into the sea behind his little emperor Zhao Min, followed by many loyal ministers, and hundreds of soldiers and civilians jumped into the sea to die.

After this campaign, the downfall of Zhao and Song Dynasties also meant the complete extinction of the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Mongolian Yuan finally unified all China. ? China was conquered by the northern nomads for the first time.

The demise of the Southern Song Dynasty marked the end of China's classical era. Some people think that this naval battle marks the decline of Chinese civilization in the classical sense, and there is a saying that "there is no China after the cliff mountain".

Extended data

In the early Southern Song Dynasty, it was inevitable to rebuild military strength. On the basis of recruiting defeated soldiers, thieves and loyal ministers, the Central Committee of the Southern Song Dynasty began the road of military reconstruction, and finally formed several powerful military forces, so Yue Jiajun and Han Jiajun appeared.

This violated the taboo of the Song Dynasty and was in danger of becoming a private armed force. So in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Jun, Han Shizhong and Yue Fei were taken back.

Yue Fei made great contributions to the country, but he was killed on the charge of "unwarranted", and the central army recruited could not conduct effective command. Therefore, the reconstruction of the central military main force in the Southern Song Dynasty was mainly to nationalize the leadership and command of the army, and the central government commanded all the troops.

The reconstruction of the central main force in the Southern Song Dynasty is closely related to the politics, foreign relations, domestic public opinion and economy of the Southern Song Dynasty. No matter what kind of change, it will affect the process and effect of military reconstruction. Due to various military defects in the early Southern Song Dynasty, four events, namely the Ming Dynasty coup, the Huaixi mutiny, the first "Shaoxing Peace Talks" and the right to withdraw troops, occurred successively.

The handling of these four crises by the Central Committee in the Southern Song Dynasty became more and more mature, and gradually changed from completely passive to completely active, indicating that the Central Committee had the ability to control all the troops in the country.

On the issue of peace, most central civil servants are against it, just like military commanders. However, they were more worried that the powerful military commander would become too big to fail and threaten political stability, so Qin Gui Group was able to sign a peace agreement with Kim.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Southern Song Dynasty (Chinese historical dynasty)