The origin of potatoes and tomatoes, which was introduced first?

Wild potatoes are native to the Andes in South America and are planted by local Indians. /kloc-In the 6th century, Spanish colonists brought it to Europe. 1586, the British defeated the Spanish in the Caribbean, collected tobacco and other plant seeds from South America, and brought potatoes to Britain. The climate in Britain is suitable for potatoes, which are taller and easier to manage than other grains. 1650, potatoes have become the main food crops in Ireland, and began to spread in Europe. /kloc-In the 0/7th century, potato has become an important food crop in Europe. 17 19 was brought back to the United States by Irish immigrants and began to grow in the United States.

1840, potato late blight broke out in Europe, and the Irish economy, which was completely dependent on potatoes, was the most affected and suffered from famine. Nearly one million people starved to death and millions of immigrants fled to the United States.

In17th century, potatoes had spread to China. Because potatoes are very suitable for planting in cold areas where the original grain yield is extremely low and only naked oats can be planted, they quickly spread in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, northwestern Shaanxi and other places. High-yield crops such as potatoes, corn and sweet potatoes imported from the United States have become the main food for the poor and played an important role in maintaining the rapid population growth in China.

Tomatoes: Originated in Central and South America, they are now widely cultivated as edible fruits and vegetables all over the world. Around the Ming Dynasty, tomatoes were introduced to China.

Tomato planting techniques:

1, site selection

Tomatoes don't need high addresses. Generally, paddy fields with long illumination time can be planted, but there are still some aspects that need attention. The ventilation effect is better, but it still cannot be in the air; Soil fertility is relatively high, it is best to be close to water sources, and the soil is relatively humid all the year round; The terrain needs to be relatively flat and the slope is small; There is no strict requirement on the permeability of soil, as long as it is slightly loose.

2. Soil preparation

Although tomatoes like humid environment, they are not tolerant to waterlogging, and drainage is more important. If the local soil moisture is high, it is recommended to turn the soil shallow; If it is called drought, it needs to be deepened, which is conducive to the rooting and growth of tomatoes. Planting denser plants requires more drainage channels, and sparse plants can open fewer drainage channels. The width of each fast-growing area is controlled at about one meter, which is rectangular in distribution, which is beneficial to harvest management.

Step 3 plant

After the planting site is selected and sorted out, you can start planting. At present, the common practice of farmers is to plow first and then plant. Generally, planting begins about 65,438+0-2 months after seedling raising. At this time, the seedling height is about 65,438+00-20 cm, which is in a state of high vitality and easy planting. The distance between each plant can be controlled at 40-50 cm, and if it is a large plant variety, 10-20 cm can be appropriately increased. The soil should completely cover the roots and then slightly compact the soil.

Step 4 apply fertilizer

When planting seedlings, we should apply sufficient base fertilizer. Farm manure should be the main base fertilizer for each plant, and the dosage is about 100- 150g, and 5- 10g phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be added to ensure the initial fertilizer demand. As time goes on, the topdressing time becomes shorter. The first topdressing starts from flowering period, and then the second topdressing of Woye water-soluble fertilizer is carried out during fruit growth period. After the first harvest, topdressing is more frequent, and topdressing can be applied at each flowering, fruiting and expansion stage to ensure the nutrient demand of tomato mother.

water

When planting, it is necessary to irrigate a small amount of water to speed up the adaptation of its seedlings to the soil. After planting for one week, the first real watering should be started. It should be watered thoroughly so that the roots can absorb enough water. When watering, water along the roots. Later watering depends on the dry and wet conditions of the soil, and the interval is generally about 2 weeks. Water more at each fruiting period, so that the fruit can grow more brightly.