Protect Long Mai in Qing Dynasty? Reveal the mystery of Nurhachi's hasty move to the capital

one of the mysteries, Wang Han moved the capital in a hurry just to protect the country and Long Mai?

in 1621, Nurhachi led the Eight Banners Army to advance into Liaodong with unstoppable momentum, and moved the capital from Hetuala to Liaoyang, an important town in Liaodong, where large-scale construction and palace construction were carried out. Surprisingly, however, at the beginning of the dynasty, on the third day of March, 1625, Nurhachi suddenly called all the ministers to discuss the matter with Baylor and proposed to move the capital to Shengjing. The ministers immediately strongly opposed it, but Nurhachi insisted on his own ideas.

Why is Nouakhachi so eager to move the capital? It has been circulated among the people: Nurhachi believed in "traditional geomantic omen" and built the Niangniang Temple in the southwest corner of Tokyo at that time according to the instructions of the geomantic omen teacher; Building Amitabha Temple in the East Gate; I will build 1, Buddhist temples at the foot of Fengling Mountain. I will use three temples to suppress this dragon and protect the royal spirit of Long Mai. However, the Three Temples only suppressed the dragon head, the dragon claw and the dragon tail, but the dragon backbone in the city was not suppressed. As soon as the dragon bows, it will spread its wings and fly north to the north bank of Hunhe River. Wang Han thought that the dragon was the will of Fengtian, and ordered him to build another city in the land of Longgan, so a new city sprang up and named it Fengtian. It is also called "Shenyang" because the Hunhe River is called Shenshui in ancient times, and the north bank is Yang.

Of course, this legend seems amazing, but Professor Aarif Lee, member of the National Committee for the Compilation of Qing History, and Tong Yue, director of the research office of Shenyang Palace Museum, said that Feng Shui has always been the first priority in building a capital and a city. In Shenyang, the Hunhe River is connected with the Liaohe River, and the Liaohe River is connected with the sea, which can be described as a "land of geomantic omen". But at the same time, two experts also pointed out that the main purpose of Nurhachi's move to Shenyang should be to make strategic progress. First of all, Shenyang is a place extending in all directions, and its geographical position is very favorable to the Manchu at that time. There are Mongolia in the north, Ming Dynasty in the west and North Korea in the south. Secondly, the contradiction between Manchu and Han nationalities in Liaoyang, the former capital, was serious, while Shenyang was only a medium-sized city at that time, with a small population and easy management, which avoided the intensification of the contradiction between Manchu and Han.

The second mystery is, when did the Shenyang Palace Museum begin to be built?

Because there is no clear record in historical materials, when the Imperial Palace in Shenyang was built has always been a big unsolved case in history, and it is also a focus of debate in historians. Tong Yue, director of the research office of Shenyang Palace Museum, said that this may be because the construction of the Forbidden City was a waste of money and people, and the rulers of the Qing Dynasty thought it was not worth promoting. Moreover, building a palace itself means building a residence for the emperor, so there is no need to write the specific year of construction into the history books. But a few years ago, a staff member of Anshan Cultural Relics Station found a Hou Shi genealogy book in the local area, which recorded the construction of Liaoyang Tokyo City and Shenyang Shengjing City in great detail.

According to the records of Hou Shi's genealogy year, Hou Zhenju's family, who was responsible for firing glazed tiles for Shenyang Forbidden City, "moved to Shenyang in nine years by destiny, and rebuilt the Forbidden City, Fengque in Longlou, Sanling and so on." . According to this, some experts concluded that Shenyang Forbidden City should be built in 1624, the ninth year of Destiny.

On January 15th, 23, shenyang evening news published an article entitled What year was the Shenyang Forbidden City built? The article. After years of research, researcher Ting, the president of Shenyang Palace Museum and an expert on pre-Qing history, determined that the date of the establishment of Shenyang Palace Museum should be 1624.

But Director Tong disagrees with this statement. He believes that the "Nine-year Destiny" mentioned in Hou Shi's genealogy refers to the time when Hou Zhenju moved to Shenyang, not that Hou Zhenju began to build the Great Wall

Who designed these palace buildings in the Qing Dynasty? Who built it? This time, the same genealogy of Hou Shi opened the tip of the iceberg. The genealogy records such a passage: "Emperor Daqinggao decided to build Liaoyang, the capital of Tokyo, and built the octagonal golden hall in his seventh year in office. To use glazed dragon tiles, he was ordered by his great-grandfather to inspire the public, the director and the governor to give her husband money. In short. After nine years of destiny, he moved to Shenyang, where he rebuilt the Palace, the Phoenix Que in the Dragon House and the Three Tombs. The officers and men assigned more than 6 able-bodied men to catch the bus. Great-grandfather Yu tried his best to serve, and the great work became prosperous.

seventeen craftsmen were chosen to serve, and they all tried their best to serve. "Tong Yue believes that this passage shows that Hou Zhenju has a lot to do with the construction of the Forbidden City in Shenyang. Judging from the above words, Hou Zhenju should be one of the leaders in building the Forbidden City, but considering that many buildings in Shenyang Palace Museum are Manchu-Mongolian, Hou Zhenju, as a Han Chinese, can't be designed, so there should be other designers and builders besides Hou Zhenju.

Some people have put forward different views on this. Some experts believe that Hou Zhenju is just a "cellar owner who burns glazed tiles", not an "engineer" of Shenyang Forbidden City, because Hou Zhenju moved from Haicheng to Shenyang. According to the annals of Haicheng County, 35 miles southeast of the city, there is a yellow tile cellar at the foot of Yanshan Mountain to make yellow glazed tiles. The Ministry of Industry and Commerce sent five quality officials to supervise Huang Wa. For the mausoleum palace. " Volume II records: "Hou Shi, whose ancestral home is Mingfu County, Shanxi Province, moved to his hometown. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Li, a flag bearer, was a hereditary Shengjing official, producer Huang Wa, with a large family, and lived in the southeast of Shimucheng. " The county annals, which rebuilt the inscription of Boling Temple in Gangjiaoling, also said: "In the early Qing Dynasty, the mausoleum palace was to be built with dragon bricks and colored tiles, because Hou Zhenju was awarded the fifth grade official of Shengjing Ministry of Industry"

So whether this palace in Qing Dynasty was built by several people or designed by a master has always been an unsolved mystery.

The fourth mystery, did Nurhachi build a part of the Forbidden City? During Nurhachi's reign, did you build a part of the Forbidden City? This is also controversial in the field of history. Professor Aarif Lee believes that Nurhachi has been living next to the north gate of Shenyang Forbidden City, not in Shenyang Forbidden City, which shows that the Forbidden City was definitely not completed at that time. Moreover, building a palace is an expensive project, and the preparation work is also very complicated. However, Nurhachi died suddenly after moving to Shenyang for 18 months. In such a short time, there is simply not enough time to build this complex palace so quickly.

Director Tong thinks that one and a half years is not short. It only took more than two years to build the Palace in Liaoyang. Nurhachi had time to build palaces during his reign. According to the earliest historical records, on the first day of the first month in 1627, Huang Taiji held a ceremony in Dazheng Hall. According to the weather in Shenyang, the Dazheng Hall should be completed before October 1626. In other words, during the Nurhachi period, a group of buildings such as the Auditorium and the Ten Kings Pavilion should have been built. Of course, there are still many unsolved mysteries about Shenyang Palace Museum. However, Professor Li stressed that as long as we can analyze and interpret the Forbidden City from a cultural perspective, then this is the most important cultural heritage left by the Palace to future generations.