Interesting lecture on geographical knowledge

Part I: Lecture on Interesting Geographical Knowledge (1) Question: Students, we all know that China has a vast territory and is divided into many provinces. China has 23 provinces, 4 municipalities, 2 special administrative regions and 5 autonomous regions.

(2) So who knows what they are called? ;

Municipalities directly under the Central Government (4): Beijing (Beijing), Tianjin (Tianjin), Shanghai (Shanghai) and Chongqing (23): Hebei (Hebei)-Shijiazhuang.

Shanxi (Jin)-Taiyuan

Liaoning (Liaoning)-Shenyang

Jilin (Kyrgyzstan)-Changchun

Heilongjiang (Black)-Harbin

Jiangsu (Jiangsu)-Nanjing

Zhejiang (Zhejiang)-Hangzhou

Anhui (Anhui)-Hefei

Fujian (Fujian)-Fuzhou

Jiangxi (Jiangxi)-Nanchang

Shandong (Shandong)-Jinan

Henan (Henan)-Zhengzhou

Hubei (Hubei)-Wuhan

Hunan (Hunan)-Changsha

Guangdong (Guangdong)-Guangzhou

Hainan (Qiong)-Haikou

Sichuan (Sichuan)-Chengdu

Guizhou (Guizhou)-Guiyang

Yunnan (Cloud)-Kunming

Shaanxi (Shaanxi) -Xi 'an

Gansu (Gansu)-Lanzhou

Qinghai (Qing)-Xining

Taiwan Province Province (Taiwan Province)-Taibei

Autonomous regions (5): Inner Mongolia (Mongolia)-Hohhot

Guangxi (Guangxi)-Nanning

Tibet (Tibet)-Lhasa

Ningxia (Ning)-Yinchuan

Xinjiang (New)-Urumqi

Special Administrative Region (2): Hong Kong (Hong Kong) and Macau (Macau)

(3) Question: You mentioned so many provinces, so let me test what the provincial capitals are (the capital of China is the political, economic and cultural center of the province)? Mention the concept of municipality directly under the central government. (municipalities, municipalities directly under the Central People's Republic of China and municipalities directly under the Central People's Government, provincial administrative units directly under the central government)

(4) Question: Since the students have learned so many provinces and provincial capitals, I will now give you a few riddles about provinces and provincial capitals to guess;

<1> Bibo Wanqing (province name)-Qinghai Province

< 2 > The ship left the Yangtze River Estuary (name of municipality directly under the Central Government)-Shanghai.

< 3 > Double Happiness (municipality)-Chongqing

< 4 > There is a war in the east (name a provincial capital)-Xi 'an.

< 5 > Draw an egg with compasses (name a provincial capital city)-Taiyuan City.

[6] Two Fat People (Name a provincial capital)-Hefei City

[7] Wear a cotton-padded jacket in summer (name a provincial capital)-Wuhan City

↓8 \8595; Always noisy (name a provincial capital)-Nanning

[9] Chu Qing (the capital city) after a long rain-Guiyang City.

< 10 > One hundred yuan for a bowl of porridge (name a province)-Guizhou Province

< 1 1 > Four Seasons Bloom (Capital City)-Changchun

< 12 > the Monkey King was born-Lishi.

(5) Question: Well, through these simple riddles, I believe students are already familiar with the provinces and capitals of China. Do you know that every province or municipality has a specific abbreviation?

Suppose a scene first: you are a good citizen who abides by the law. One day, you witnessed a traffic accident, and the owner of the accident immediately drove away from the scene after hitting someone. In order for the police uncle to catch the criminal as soon as possible, you must first know where the accident car is. How do you know where the accident car is? Introduce the application of license plate, and then make a license plate quiz, such as: Jin A325 17, Jin J302 15, Jin D5602 1, Guangxi F60254, Sichuan D503 14, Shanghai O35785, etc. It is necessary to explain to students that the abbreviation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in textbooks is Inner Mongolia, but in real life, there is only one word "Meng" on the license plate; At the same time, there are two abbreviations' five provinces', and there is only one abbreviation on the license plate, such as Sichuan, which is abbreviated as' Sichuan' and' Shu', but most cars in Sichuan use' Sichuan' and some use' Shu'. )

Taiyuan, A Jin is the capital of the country.

Jin B→B is a Buddha-Datong City, Shanxi Province. Yungang Grottoes are excavated along the mountain. There are 45 main caves, 252 large and small caves and 5 1000 stone buddhas.

Shanxi C→C is coal-Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, which is rich in natural resources. Black coal, bauxite and jarosite are known as the "three treasures" in Yangquan.

D→D in Jin is Dingle —— Changzhi City, Shanxi Province. Changzhi is a national civilized city, an excellent tourist city in China, a national forest city, a national garden city, a national health city, one of the top ten charming cities in China, and a national cultural service system demonstration area. There are many kinds of music: Taihang Mountain Grand Canyon, Rainbow Grand Canyon, Qinglong Gorge and other tourist attractions.

Jin E→E is the environment-Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, known as the international garden city. People who have been to Jincheng will feel that the environment here is super good and super clean!

Jin F→F is a forest-Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province. Youyu County of Shuozhou City is an advanced county in afforestation and greening in China, and is known as the frontier oasis. By 20 10, nearly 50% of the land in the jurisdiction is covered by forests.

Jin H→H is a Mountain —— Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province. Xinzhou is a tourist hotspot, with Wutai Mountain, a Buddhist holy place. Mountainous areas and plateaus account for about 87% of the city's area.

J→J in Shanxi is a jujube —— Lvliang City, Shanxi Province. Jujube in Liulin County is one of the three major specialties, especially Sanjiao Jujube, which is rich in jujube. Sanjiao Town is praised by the Ministry of Agriculture as "the first town of red dates in China"!

Jin K→K is the kingdom-Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, the hometown of Shanxi merchants, has been doing business for 600 years. Created an economic miracle that attracted worldwide attention. Western scholars compare Shanxi businessmen with Jewish businessmen. Until now, there is still a story that "Shanxi people are good at business and financial management". The formation of the "golden empire" of Shanxi merchants also revealed the policies of "honesty" and "unity" of Shanxi people.

Jin L→L is a label-Linfen City, Shanxi Province. It is said that when emigrating, officers and men cut a knife on each little toenail as a label. Up to now, the little toenails of the descendants of Sophora japonica immigrants are all complicated (two petals). "Who is an ancient locust immigrant? Take off your little toe and test the shape of your toenails."

M→M in Shanxi is a human being —— Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. Guan Gong is a business card of Yuncheng and even Shanxi. China's most manly people regard him as the embodiment of loyalty and become the material for educating loyalty and patriotism. In Southeast Asia, Japan,

Chapter Two: Geography Speech

the Mongol nationality

Mongolian is one of the main ethnic groups in northern China, and it is also the main ethnic group in Mongolia. Except Mongolia, the Mongolian population is mainly distributed in China, such as Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Hebei, Qinghai, Henan, Gansu and Russia. There are about10 million Mongolians in the world, and more than half of them live in China. "Mongolia" was originally just a tribal name among Mongolian tribes. See the beginning of official history

It was called "Wu Meng Shi Wei" in the biography of the Northern Emperor in the old Tang Dynasty. /kloc-At the beginning of the 3rd century, the Mongolian Ministry headed by Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian ministries and gradually formed a new national identity. Mongolian clothes

Mongolian costumes are called Mongolian robes, which mainly include robes, belts, boots, jewelry and so on. However, due to different regions, there are also differences in styles. Take women's robes as an example. Influenced by Manchu, Mongolians in Horqin and Harqin wear wide and straight robes with split sides, and the neckline and cuffs are decorated with various colors. Mongolians in Xilingol grassland wear Mongolian robes with large narrow sleeves and no slits; Buryat women wear robes with waist skirts and shoulders; Ordos women's robes are divided into three pieces, the first is a close-fitting dress with sleeves reaching to the wrist, the second is a coat with sleeves reaching to the elbow, and the third is a collarless double-breasted vest with straight flashing buttons. The robes worn by Mongolians in Qinghai are similar to those of Tibetans. Men's wear is mainly blue and brown, while women's wear likes to use red, pink, green and sky blue.

Mongolian headdress

They like to decorate with red coral, agate and turquoise. The custom of Mongolian women tying hair bun can be traced back to the Mongolian khanate and Yuan Dynasty, and it is also an ancient Mongolian craft to embed red coral on the silver plate of hairpin. Mongolians like red and bright colors, and precious red corals coincide with their customs.

Mongolian food

The traditional diet is mainly milk and meat, supplemented by food; Traditional diet is inseparable from meat and milk. Meat is mainly beef and mutton, and fresh milk can be made into butter, cream, milk wine, milk powder, milk skin and so on after fermentation, steaming, boiling and sun drying. Mongolians also like to eat fried rice, which is easy to carry and hungry. Milk tea is a drink that they can't live without all day.