General situation of Shanxi immigrants

Yuan Meng was killed and plundered, and Tangxian people fled to the south or were deported. The population of this county has greatly decreased. In the 21st year of Zheng Zheng, there were only 7,278 people, and in the 14th year of Hongwu, there were only 76 138 10 people ... In the early years of Yongle, the court forced Shanxi residents to move in batches. There were 42 villages in Suning at the end of Yuan Dynasty. From Hongwu to Yongle, there were 14 1 villages in Hongdong, including two villages in Hongwu and one village in Wen Jian, and there were 138 villages in early Yongle. "Since then, immigrants from Shanxi and Shandong have settled here one after another." In the second year of Hongwu (A.D. 1369), there were only 1228 households in Shenzhou. From Hongwu to the fifteenth year of Yongle (A.D. 14 17), people moved from Shanxi many times, and 258 of the 485 villages have moved from Shanxi. During the Yongle period, Yizhou was deserted, and people migrated from Shanxi ... Natural disasters killed soldiers and the population dropped sharply. Boye "less than a thousand people moved to private houses in Xixia County, Shanxi Province", and the foreign population became the main part of Boye population. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Hebei was at the forefront, and people suffered heavy losses, especially in Jingnan, which occurred from 1399 to 1402. For many places, this is tantamount to adding insult to injury. At that time, the history books were thrilling and full of blood: Zhu Dijun plundered Calm, Shunde, Guangping and Daming, and was beheaded by 30,000 soldiers in Calm; In the Baigou River, its troops set fire to "tens of thousands of people were beheaded and more than 100,000 people were drowned" ... There were no warm words to tell the cruelty of the living environment at that time. In this battle between an uncle and an nephew, Pingxiang's death rate reached nine times out of ten. In the second year of Yongle, that is, after A.D. 1404, the people moved many times, among which 80% of them moved to Hongdong. The second year of Yongle, namely 1404, was an important year for immigrants. Records in Wang Du, Handan, Cangxian and other places all recorded the "naturalization of people who moved to Hongdong and other counties in Shanxi" in A.D. 1404. According to the genealogy and statistics of relevant data, it was from this year that the relocated people in Hongdong successively set up 1 10 villages in big cities.