What influence does the literature of the former Soviet Union have on the contemporary literature of China?

First, Russian and Soviet literature has a far-reaching influence on China's contemporary literature. Russian and Soviet literature has a great influence on China's contemporary literature, especially in the "seventeen years" before the Cultural Revolution, which was deeply influenced by the "conflict-free theory" of Soviet drama. What tendencies and great works of the Soviet literary world can be reflected in the literary world of China? Their "socialist realism" is similar to our "revolutionary realism and revolutionary romanticism", but their "humanitarianism" ideological trend rose in the 1950s. After the Sino-Soviet friendship in 1960s, Soviet literature still attracted most of the attention of China writers. Because China's social system is similar to that of the former Soviet Union, China writers are more likely to be close to Russian and Soviet writers. As far as I know about China's plays, the most important playwrights in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s of the former Soviet Union have influenced our young and middle-aged playwrights to varying degrees, especially the earliest foreign drama collection Wanbilov published by China in the new period, and almost all China's playwrights have read his works. In the first seventeen years, drama literature was not particularly prosperous, and Lao She's Longxugou and Teahouse were the most important achievements of drama in that period. /kloc-The Cultural Revolution in 0/0 was a blank. Attention to the essence of new methods can be divided into two stages, 1980s and 1990s. In the new period, the dramatist's concept of drama is broadened, and he opposes "conflict-free theory" and vulgar sociology, thus improving the philosophical character of his dramatic works.

Second, the literature of the former Soviet Union has become an important part of Northeast literature. Compared with other areas in China, the black soil in Northeast China is the earliest and most willing to accept the influence of Russian literature. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the northeast wasteland, far from the cultural center of the motherland, experienced a long winter in climate and a wild state of cultural desolation. At this time, Northeast literature lingered in old metrical poems, novels and folk stories, which was barely called prose. It is reconciliation records and notes, mainly about frontier fortress and folk customs ... 1896 When the Middle East Railway was built, a large number of Russian citizens poured into the northeast of China, and then experienced two immigration peaks at the end of the October Revolution and the Russian Civil War in the 1920s, reaching 193656. For nearly 40 years, these Russians, Ukrainians, Armenians, Jews and Belarusians ... centered on Harbin, some of them were scattered in the northeast of China. They brought wealth here for business, Russian customs here for inheritance, Neva Street to China Street in Harbin, and Russian literature here for development, which contributed to the high prosperity of exotic cultures in Northeast China. At the beginning of the 20th century, Harbin Express started Russian overseas Chinese literature, and many journalists and editors published their works in its supplement. After the First World War, many professional writers were born among overseas Chinese in Northeast China, represented by the poet Kames Newke, who expressed their lonely feelings far from the motherland and their infinite love for the land where they lived. The Soviet-Russian civil war is coming to an end, and many famous domestic writers flock here. It can be said that/kloc-Russian novels, famous for their rich themes of criticizing society in the 9th century, gathered here alone as "Russian local literature" in the 20th century. Russian silver poetry, with the multiple variations of symbolism, futurism and fatalism, also sang in the northeast of China, on the one hand, it enriched the theme, thought and artistic content of the literature in the northeast of China. On the other hand, the black soil literature in Northeast China has also been infected with a strong Ross color ... In the mid-1930s, a large number of young writers from Northeast China, such as Xiao Jun and Xiao Hong, rose in Shanghai. In their novels, the theme is the reality of occupied northeast China, expressing the sadness of national destruction and family loss, as well as the feelings of wandering vagrants ... Their works are deeply branded with the local literature of overseas Chinese in Russia. Today, in the general history of Northeast local literature, "Russian Overseas Chinese Literature", as an important part of Northeast literature, occupies an important page.

Russian overseas Chinese literature not only promotes the prosperity of Northeast literature, but also spreads China literature and culture to the world. Many overseas writers and translators, such as Aladdin, a poet who emigrated around the end of the Civil War, introduced the poems of 33 China poets from the Tang Dynasty to the May 4th Movement to Russian readers, while Beleshin enjoyed the reputation of a perfect combination of sinologists and poets. Bykov, a biologist turned writer, is an exotic singer in the northeast jungle. In his novel The King, he described the life of a male tiger in Northeast China and an old man in China.

The influence of Russian proletarian literature on China is not only manifested in the spiritual and cultural activities of China's revolutionary literature, but also in the practice of socialist revolution. Li Dazhao and ... Russian-Soviet literature have a great influence on China's contemporary literature and play a leading and pioneering role. During the period of Sino-Soviet cooperation, Soviet literature was introduced into China along with technology and materials.

The birth and development of literature in Russia, our northern neighbor, is a magical phenomenon in the history of world literature. As early as the12nd century, Gulos' epic "The Expedition of Igor" once shone brilliantly in the medieval European literary world, but after that, Russian literature seemed to be silent for more than 500 years. /kloc-At the beginning of the 8th century, Peter the Great carried out reforms, which greatly promoted the economic and cultural development of Russia. A number of accomplished poets and writers began to appear in the literary world, but in the whole century, Russia still failed to produce works comparable to the outstanding achievements of western European literature. It was not until the beginning of the19th century that the situation changed fundamentally: Russian literature seemed to jump out of a deep sleep, with the poet Pushkin as the forerunner, forming a situation in which famous artists came forth in large numbers and the stars were brilliant, and quickly became one of the most influential literature, which was unstoppable. It is worth noting that this change is not in the context of the decline of western European literature, but precisely in the golden age of European literature.

The unique charm of Russian literature comes from its unique sense of heaviness and the sense of urgency that permeates it. Berdyaev, a Russian thinker, said: "Russian literature is not produced by the richness of pleasant creativity, but by the painful and troubled fate of individuals and nations, and by the exploration of saving all mankind." Fortunately, the poet's misfortune in his own country, the nation's suffering and the pursuit of getting rid of it have accumulated into a unique national historical and cultural tradition, and the Russian literature nurtured by it has profound humanitarian connotation, leading intention of "serving life", strong sense of mission and gloomy and desolate background. Russian writers' skepticism, rebellious character and critical vision often make it difficult for them to avoid the fate of arrest, imprisonment, exile and hard labor. As herzen said: "Our whole literary history is a history of martyrs and a biography of exiles."

Thirdly, the literature of the former Soviet Union became the mentor of China's contemporary literature. Looking back on the history of literary exchanges between China and foreign countries in the 20th century, it is not difficult to find that Russian literature is most closely related to China literature. The formation of this relationship has its inherent inevitability. China and Russia are geographically close neighbors with similar national conditions, and there are many similarities in the cultural and psychological structures of the two major nationalities. In the 20th century, a group of people with lofty ideals were thinking about the fate of the nation. They all wanted to arouse people's awareness and push the nation towards modernization. The pioneers of China's new culture during the May 4th Movement keenly noticed the characteristics of Russian literature. Li Dazhao once pointed out: "Russian literature has two characteristics, one is strong social color, and the other is developed humanitarianism." Zheng Zhenduo, a historian of modern literature, once wrote: "The sudden success of Russian literature is by no means accidental. Her sincerity and humanistic spirit have enabled her to cultivate many literary gardens that she has never danced before, which is the biggest reason why she deserves sympathy. " Because of this, at the beginning of absorbing nutrients from foreign literature and building itself, China's new literature decided that "Russian literature is our mentor" (Lu Xun's words), and paid special attention to absorbing Russian literature. Therefore, China's new literature clearly shows the infiltration and nourishment of Russian literature, and shows the spirit, tone and characteristics similar or similar to Russian literature. There are many outstanding Russian literary works, which, like the equally outstanding works of drama, film, painting, music and ballet provided by this nation, have become almost household art classics in China.