The background of new route development has been affected.

How did the new route open up? Mainly based on the navigation of four navigators.

Diaz: With the support of the Portuguese, 1487 sailed south along the west coast of Africa, bypassed the African continent and entered the Indian Ocean, and found the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa.

Columbus: With the support of Spain, he crossed the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, reached Cuba and Haiti in America, and discovered the "New World".

Da Gama: With the support of the Portuguese, from 1497 to 1498, we reached India and other places along the route opened by Diaz, and found a new route to India.

Magellan: With the support of Spain, 15 19~ 1522 crossed the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean and returned to Europe, completing the first round-the-world voyage in history.

References:

How did the new route open up?