What is the truth about Zhang's suppression of Sichuan?

As far as I know, there is the possibility of framing.

But generally speaking, it is like this.

Zhang used to be a policeman in Aauto Quicker, Yan 'an Prefecture (now Shaanxi Province), and later served as a soldier in Yansui Town, Changli. As a professional soldier, he was tied up and beheaded in the army because of his audacity. Chen Hongfan, the main commander, saw that he looked strange and liked talents, stopped the executioner and offered to intercede for him in front of the company commander Wang Wei. But before Chen Hongfan could speak, Zhang outside had taken the opportunity to escape. This person's unruly personality and disorganized work can be seen from this.

In the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), Zhang was attacked by company commanders Zuo Liangyu and Chen Hongfan, and he was defeated. Zhang himself was shot in the forehead with blood all over his face, so he could not continue fighting and had to run away.

Zhang's general (whose real name is Liu Guoneng) has been at odds with Zhang. Seeing the defeat, Zhang surrendered to Xiong Wencan. Zhang was very scared when he heard about it. He is worried that he will know his details and cause loyalists to hurt themselves. After weighing the pros and cons, he immediately sent someone to contact Chen Hongfan and expressed his willingness to surrender. Chen Hongfan put in a good word for Zhang in front of Xiong Wencan. So Xiong Wencan accepted Zhang's surrender, and not only that, he also ordered him to lead his men and stay in Gucheng.

In order to show sincerity, Zhang voluntarily surrendered Luo Rucai to serve the Ming Dynasty. Luo Rucai, nicknamed Cao Cao, was also an outstanding figure in the peasant army, and was later jealous and assassinated by Li Zicheng. Hey? I'm sorry

Ten years ago, Xiong Wencan was the governor of Fujian. Because he came forward to persuade the pirate leader Zheng Zhilong (Zheng Chenggong's father) to surrender and was used by the Ming Dynasty, Xiong Wencan became famous in one fell swoop. He believes that appealing to others will help to quell the rebellion at an early date. Zhang and Luo Rucai are very famous in the peasant army. He thought that the two thieves had fallen, and the rest had taken the poison gas. So the above table asked Chongzhen to pardon Zhang and Luo Rucai, and Chongzhen actually approved it. Soon, Zhang rebelled, and Chongzhen became angry from embarrassment and executed Xiong Wencan.

In the 16th year of Chongzhen (1643), Zhang captured Wuchang in May and threw the king of Chu in a cage into the river. Immediately, men over the age of 15 and under the age of 20 in Wuchang were forced to join the army, and others, regardless of gender, age and age, were killed. From Nautilus Island to Zun Taoist, there are floating bodies all over the river. Zhang immediately summoned Daxi King in Wuchang and initially established political power. The following year, led the troops into Sichuan. The walls of Chengdu were so strong that they could not be captured for a long time at first. Later, Zhang sent people to dig holes and tunnels in secret places outside the city, dig out the roots of the city wall and bury gunpowder. Pierce bamboo joints with bamboo poles, connect the poles, and put a long fuse inside, which is quietly lit. The soldiers guarding the city were about to cheer when they saw Zhang Yinjun retreating. Suddenly, the explosion lifted the sky and the city wall collapsed.

After capturing Chengdu, Zhang Yu 1644 10/6 proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, changed the Yuan Dynasty to Dashun, established the Daxi regime, and claimed long live the old.

After Zhang proclaimed himself emperor, he immediately consorted with Zhang Yazi, the Zitong emperor worshipped by Taoism, that is to say, he was a descendant of Zhang Yazi, in order to raise his position.

Zhang Yazi, a native of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once lived in Qiqu Mountain for a long time. He is familiar with poetry and calligraphy, skilled in medical skills, diagnosing and applying drugs for poor villagers, solving problems, respecting the old and loving the young, and helping the poor. He is deeply loved by the people. After his death, he built this temple in memory of him. The Tang Dynasty made the king king, and the Yuan Dynasty called Wenchang Emperor. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wenchang Temple was built all over the country. Because Wenchang Emperor was born in Zitong, he was also called Zitong Emperor. During the Chongzhen period, Zhang He led his division to Zitong many times. When he heard Zhang Yazi's story, he said: If I win, it will be to rebuild the temple.

After Zhang occupied Chengdu, he immediately sent 52,000 silver dollars and thousands of servants to build a large-scale temple named "Tiantan". Zhang's poem: "a trip to heaven, where you will never worry about being a god, passed down from generation to generation, and rest in heaven." "Another song:" There are pines in the mountains and yellow peanuts in the valleys; "Once the hail falls, the yellow flowers are not as loose as pine trees." This is a typical crooked poem. At the same time, Zhang Zun Wenchang is the great ancestor and high emperor, and Wenchang Temple is Zhang's home temple.

Although Zhang, the long live grandfather, is also known as the uprising leader of the peasant army in history, there is no doubt that this rebel who also claims to conform to heaven has brought great harm to society and people. Zhang's temperament is fierce, and judging by how many soldiers killed the enemy, it is not clear how many soldiers and civilians were killed or injured. As long as you don't kill people, you won't be happy. After Zhang settled in Sichuan, he steamed food when he saw children, and brought it back to the barracks when he saw women, so that the ministries could take turns to commit adultery. And cut off the little feet of these women and gathered them into a large pile, called lotus peak; Then set a torch to burn these two feet. This is called lighting candles in the sky.

It is said that Zhang also "loves to eat human flesh. Every time he stands in front of him, he cuts it and cooks it, counting it every time." . If Huangzhou is broken again, the city will be broken, the soldiers will be broken, the women will be broken, the nails will fall off, and the blood will become a river. "(Li Qing's" Sanyuan Note ")

The strangest thing is that Zhang spent a lot of manpower to build a high embankment in Jinjiang, but did not control the flood; Instead, a pit several feet deep was dug in the sediment downstream of the dam, and then hundreds of millions of gold and silver treasures were buried in the pit, and then the dam was broken and the pit where the treasure was buried was flooded. This is called water storage.

In killing people, Zhang also used many new tricks. For example, he sent his men to attack all the counties, and when they met one, they killed one. This is called "grass killing". He also keeps dozens of Tibetan mastiffs in his mansion. Every day, when he called a meeting of his subordinates, he would release Tibetan mastiffs to sniff the surrendered former Ming officials. Those who have been sniffed by Tibetan mastiffs will be pulled out and beheaded immediately. Zhang Le never tires of it, calling it "the God of Killing". He doesn't study himself, and he hates scholars. He thought that scholars were treacherous and hypocritical, so he announced the opening of the imperial examination, tricked thousands of Sichuan students into Qingyang Palace, and killed all the accumulated bodies. There is only one scholar named Zhang, who is brilliant. Zhang likes him very much, makes him the top scholar and often asks for advice. One day, Zhang suddenly felt depressed and said to the left and right, "I don't know why, I love this champion very much and I can't bear to part with him for a moment." I might as well kill him, so as not to think about it all the time. " So he ordered Zhang Zhuangyuan to be beheaded. (For Zhang's deeds, see Ming History, Volume 309, Biography of Rogues).

Zhang also set up a seven-killing monument in Chengdu, engraved with his reasons for killing people like hemp: "Everything is born to support people, and no one has a virtue to report to heaven, kill, kill, kill!" For him, killing is not his responsibility. Shu people deserve it, he is doing justice for heaven. 1 1 month 10, 1644, the daxi army drove the people to Jiuyanqiao outside the east gate of Chengdu for slaughter. When the executioner was about to raise the knife, there were three thunders. Zhang was furious and said, "You sent me to kill people on the ground. Why did you thunder and scare me today? " The soldiers were ordered to fly the cannon and fire three shots into the sky. On this day, the victims were counted, the bodies were filled with rivers, and the Nine Eyes Bridge was broken.

In the third year of Shunzhi (1646), the Qing emperors Haug and Wu Sangui led the Qing army into Sichuan from southern Shaanxi and attacked Zhang's Great Western Army. In July of the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), Zhang left Chengdu and went north to fight against the Qing army. Before he left, he ordered a massacre and set fire to the city. Shen Xunwei's "Difficulties in Shu" records: "Your hall can't be burned, but it will be burned if it is covered with grease. Panlong Shizhu No.2, when Shu Meng was alive, wrapped dozens of layers of yarn, soaked in oil for three days, and broke the column with a fire. " . In the same year 1 1 month, the daxi army was surrounded by the Qing army. At that time, Zhang was busy in Xichong Slaughterhouse, going out of the city to fight, and was shot and killed by Jablin in Fenghuang Mountain (now in the north of Nanxi County, Sichuan Province). A man who enjoyed killing people was finally killed.

Twelve years after Zhang's death (1659), Wenjiang County, Sichuan Province conducted a household registration inventory. There are only 32 households in the county, including 365,438 males and 23 females. Hazelnuts are vast, like the beginning of heaven and earth. This is the result of Zhang's wanton slaughter (see Wenjiang County Records of the Republic of China). Legend has it that Zhang Tuchuan did not intend to slander the leader of the peasant army, which is true. Even Mr. Lu Xun once criticized Zhang for "killing for the sake of killing". At that time, a folk proverb said: "Every year the blood here is red", "Rogue, rogue, the upper bound sent him to behead. If one person can't finish it, the messenger of the plague is behind. " In the past hundred years, many historians have been surprised to find that no Sichuanese was born and raised, and almost all of them moved in from other provinces. According to the local language family and related county records, most of the indigenous people in Xinjin, Dayi, Chongqing, Pixian and Dujiangyan in Sichuan came from "Huguang filling Sichuan". Due to Zhang's extermination of all Sichuanese, there was a great immigration tide in the early Qing Dynasty.

After Zhang's death, the official came to Chengdu to take over, but there was no room in the city to serve as a school, so the Sichuan provincial government had to be located in Baoning House (now Langzhong County). It was not until the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659) that Sichuan Province was moved back to Chengdu. At that time, the population of Sichuan was about 80 thousand, and there was no one in ten miles. There are only dozens of families in Chengdu (not counting scattered population), alleys do not exist, old streets are hard to recognize, and rabbits are everywhere. Someone stood on the south gate wall and saw thirteen tigers pass by the other side of Jinjiang one day. After Zhang's butcher's knife, Sichuan has been devastated.