Introduction to Canberra

Canberra is the capital of Australia, a young city. The total area is 2,395 square kilometers, of which more than 50% are national parks or protected areas, located in the northeast of the capital territory. It is located 240 kilometers northeast of Sydney and 500 kilometers southwest of Melbourne, with a population of 300,000. The city is located in an open valley in the mountains of Australia. 760 meters above sea level. The Moranglo River runs through the city and flows into the Malanbiji River in the west. Originally a sheep farm, it was built as planned in 19 13, and the federal government moved here from Melbourne in 1927. National political center. Banks, restaurants and public services are the main economic sectors. There are railways connecting major cities. There are Canberra National University and National Library. There is a space navigation and tracking station in the southwest of the city. Tourism is booming. The climate is mild, the four seasons are distinct, the annual rainfall is average, and there are sunny days in all seasons. Canberra's urban design is very novel, and circular and radial roads organically separate administrative areas, commercial areas and residential areas. The Griffin Lake Fountain in the city center is a "Captain Cook Memorial Jet" built to commemorate the 200th anniversary of Captain Cook's landing. The water column is as high as 140m, which is very spectacular. The city is full of green trees and flowers in four seasons. Every September, Canberra holds a flower show, welcoming the arrival of spring with hundreds of thousands of flowers, and is known as the "Garden City of Oceania".

The attached picture shows the Australian Parliament Building, a landmark in Canberra, which was unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II on May 9th. 1988. The total cost of this building and its surrounding buildings is 1 1 100 million Australian dollars, which is the most expensive building in Australian history.

Urban history

Canberra is a young city. As early as 100 years ago, it was still a barren land at the foot of the Australian Alps. It was discovered in 1820, and later immigrated to build a pasture. 1840 developed into a small town. 190 1 year, after the establishment of the Australian federal government, the two major cities, Sydney and Melbourne, argued endlessly about the issue of building the capital, which lasted for 89 years. Until 19 1 1, the federal government passed a resolution to choose a place with good weather and mountains and water between the two cities to build a new one. This is the prototype of Canberra.

19 12, the federal government held a worldwide urban design competition. A year later, Congress chose the scheme of 36-year-old Chicago landscape architect Walter Burley Griffin from the 37 versions of/kloc-0. The street map of Canberra drawn by this designer was drawn by him and his wife (also an architect) on a piece of cotton cloth. This precious original is still kept in the Australian National Archives. During the construction, due to the suspension of World War I, * * * took 14 years, was completed in 1927, and moved its capital here. Later, we discussed the name of the new capital for a long time, and finally chose the traditional name of local residents-Canberra, which means "gathering place" and the people also call it "gathering place".

Canberra, a picturesque city of reconciliation in the 20th century, is located on the shores of Lake Burleigh Griffin and has been striving to be the focus. Australian national identity. It is often regarded as a "fat cat" town for politicians and bureaucrats, living in other parts of the country.

English 9 >; However, as long as you step out of the parliamentary triangle, you will realize that Canberra is more than just conspiracy and money. Canberra is one of the only two artificially conceived cities in the world. It is surprisingly symmetrical, surprisingly feasible and endlessly fascinating.

English 9 >; Autumn in Canberra is very beautiful. The weather is sunny, the sun is shining, the trees are changing and everything looks lovely. It is really cold in winter. Spring is very humid and windy through the very popular floriade Festival.

English 9 >; Europeans first settled in Canberra in 1824, when Joshua Moore bought the first piece of land in the area at the foot of Mount Braque. By 1845, a town had developed in the shadow of the mountain, and the newly-built St. John's Church and nearby schools were in its center.

English 9 >; In 190 1 year, when the colonies were united into Australian states, it was one of the constitutional principles to establish the national capital and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The location has been chosen. D in1908-diplomatically located between the old enemies (main competitors) Sydney and Melbourne. Canberra is named 19 13, which comes from an indigenous term and is considered to mean "meeting place". American architect Walter Burleigh Griffin won the international competition to design the city. The development of this place is very slow. Although the parliament was conquered in the capital for the first time in 1927, it was not until after World War II that the dream of establishing a national capital was realized.

English 9 >; 1957, the government of Menzies (menzies, Robert Gordon, 1894- 1978, an Australian politician, twice served as prime minister) established the National Capital Development Committee, taking Canberra as the seat of the government, and generally dressed it up beautifully. In the next 20 years, it went full speed-built a bridge on a rainy lake, and then a year later the lake was built with it; Mints, national libraries, botanical gardens and bell towers have sprung up; The city center is crowded with offices, shops and theaters. Throughout the 1960s, public services became the main industry in Canberra, and various departments moved from all parts of the country to the capital, bringing a large group of happy families to find a quarter-acre block of their own. Consistent with its reputation as a planned city, Canberra's growth is not organic-NCDC did not fill the city center and let the suburbs spread around, but supervised the establishment of "satellite cities" in northern and southern Canberra. Wharton in the south was established first, and then Belcorning in the north. Tuggeranong followed in the 1970s and Gunghalin in the 1980s.

English 9 >; Since the foundation of the Federation, the law has been under the jurisdiction of the federal government and there is no local government of its own. In the 1978 referendum, Canberra n voted against autonomy, but despite this, the federal government passed four bills in 1988 to make the region autonomous, and elected the first legislative assembly in 1989.