Collection of detailed data of Huairou Reservoir

Huairou Reservoir is one of the major water conservancy projects in the suburbs of Beijing. It is located in the four sides of Huairou County, Beijing, with a storage capacity of 12 square kilometers and a total storage capacity of 10 billion cubic meters. 1958 started on March 9, and the dam was completed on July 9 of the same year, which lasted 130 days. 1990 After heightening the main dam, the total storage capacity is1400,000 cubic meters.

The reservoir belongs to Huaihe River system, a tributary of Chaobai River, and is located at the intersection of Huaijiu River and Huaisha River in the upper reaches of Huaihe River. After the completion of the reservoir, in addition to normal flood control and water storage functions, it has become an important water source and storage area in Beijing, and also a node project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. As of 6: 00 a.m. on July 23rd, 20 16, Huairou Reservoir in Beijing was operating beyond the flood limit.

Chinese name: Huairou Reservoir is located in Beijing: construction time:1March, 958, completion time:1July 20, 958, reconstruction time: 1964, 1976, 1988, Grade III area:. Must-read before departure, located in the four sides of Huairou County, Beijing, with a drainage area of 540 square kilometers, a storage area of 12 square kilometers and a total storage capacity of 10 billion cubic meters. 1958 started on March 9, and the dam was completed on July 9 of the same year, which lasted 130 days. 1990 After heightening the main dam, the total storage capacity is1400,000 cubic meters. The main buildings mainly include main dam, auxiliary dam, spillway, water conveyance tunnel, diversion tunnel and sluice. The main dam of the dam is an earth dam with clay inclined wall and gravel material, with a length of1038m, which is adjacent to Longshan in the east and Fengshan in the west. The maximum dam height is 2 1m, the dam crest width is 5m, the dam crest elevation is 66m, and the dam filling volume is 1.44m m3. Most of the seepage control grooves are made on the cohesive soil layer 6 meters below the riverbed, and some grooves are about 14 meters deep. ***3 auxiliary dams, all of which are homogeneous clay dams. Among them, 1 was originally the junction of Huairou County and Shayuchuan, with the maximum dam height of10m and the dam length of120m. No.2 auxiliary dam, originally going to Diaoyutai intersection, has a maximum dam height of 3.5m and a dam length of 220m3. The maximum dam height of No.2 auxiliary dam is 22m and the dam length is 80m. There is an east spillway at the foot of the west side of Longshan at the east end of the main dam. After the completion of 1958, 1964 was rebuilt. There are two 7.4m× 4.3m arc steel gates, with the top elevation of 58m and the maximum flood discharge of 40 1 m3/ s.. 1990 second reconstruction. The west spillway was built in 1964, located at the west end of the main dam, with a total excavation length of 750m and two radial gates 12m x 6.3m, with a maximum flood discharge of 890 m3/s. On the west side of the main dam, there is a water tunnel. The tunnel diameter is 2.5m, and the tunnel length is101m. The entrance is equipped with a water tower and a 2.5m×2.5m gate. The elevation of the entrance layer is 52m, and the maximum flood discharge is 52m 3/ s. This is a facility with dual functions of irrigation and flood discharge. Huairou Reservoir is a water system in the reservoir area, located at the outlet of Huaihe River Gorge, a tributary of Chaobai River, and at the intersection of Huaijiu River and Huaisha River. Huaihe River mainly flows through Huairou District of Beijing. Above Huairou Reservoir, it consists of two tributaries, Huaijiu River and Huaisha River. Huaijiu River and Huaisha River meet in the west of the county. Huairou Reservoir was built in 1958, and its two tributaries meet at the reservoir. Out of the reservoir is the Huaihe River, which flows through Huairou District and flows southward into Chaobai River through Shijiakou. Huaihe River was once called Xidahe River, Lichao River and Qidu River. After the completion of Huairou Reservoir, it was changed to Huaihe River. The total length of the Huaihe River is 80.9 kilometers from the longest tributary, the source of Huaijiu River, and 64 kilometers from Huairou. Watershed area 1042.6 km2, Huairou 578.3 km2, and longitudinal slope of riverbed 2. 1-2.4/ 1000. After the completion of Huairou Reservoir, the downstream of Huaihe River still undertakes the flood discharge task of Huairou Reservoir. Construction and Maintenance Initial Construction Process1958 In late February, Huairou Reservoir Construction Headquarters was jointly organized by Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality. Construction migrant workers come from 3,477 agricultural cooperatives in Huairou, Shunyi, Tongxian, Sanhe, Xianghe, Dachang, Daxing, Yin 'an, Jixian, Pinggu, Miyun and other counties 12, with 63,273 people. In addition, 455 workers, 5,000 PLA officers and soldiers and 1 18 1 students participated in the construction work. 1958 February 18 decided to build Huairou reservoir. On March 9, a groundbreaking ceremony was held outside the spillway in the east of the dam. Tens of thousands of migrant workers have brought their own trolleys, 25,400 baskets, 49,800 shovels, 1023 carriages, 1943 large animals, 76,000 reed mats and122,000 kilograms of ropes in the form of government assistance. The state only subsidizes one meal per person every day. All migrant workers/kloc-have not changed shifts for more than 0/00 days, and the earth and stone work on the dam is completed by manual carts and wagons fighting day and night. Rolling tools are only 65,438+0,65,438+0.75 tons of rammers, 66 road rollers, 200 wheels and a few tractors, bulldozers and stone rammers. Due to the shortage of labor, the construction of two auxiliary dams was postponed to the later stage. Among them, the dam site of No.3 auxiliary dam is responsible for piercing diversion, and the river closure construction did not start until June 28. At that time, it was the rainy season By the beginning of July, the water level of the reservoir rose rapidly, and the unfinished No.2 auxiliary dam could not resist the flood. The diversion outlet is only 200 meters away from the county seat, and the county seat and downstream villages are in danger. The broad masses of cadres and people fought day and night, and built a temporary flood control dam at the No.3 auxiliary dam with more than 40,000 straw bags, which resisted the first flood attack since the reservoir was built. The intake sluice and water conveyance tunnel were completed on July 7th and July 15 respectively, and the spillway and stilling basin were not completed until September 16. The construction project * * * completed about 2 million cubic meters of earthwork, concrete and other projects, with a total labor of about 6 million man-days and an actual investment of about 4.8 million yuan. During the construction process, many touching stories emerged. On June 26th, 1958, Premier Zhou Enlai visited the construction site, went deep into the labor force to offer condolences to the migrant workers, and personally wrote "Huairou Reservoir". 1958 On July 20th, the dam was completed and the inauguration ceremony was held. Vice Premier the State Council attended the meeting and cut the ribbon for the inauguration ceremony. Huairou Reservoir was built in 8 villages including Diaoyutai, Pangetai and Yanggechang, and 576 households with 2,572 people moved out of the reservoir area. Reconstruction and Reinforcement1August, 1963, the Ministry of Water and Electricity rechecked Huairou Reservoir, and considered that the reservoir should be a second-class hydraulic structure, and the flood control standard 6 should be designed once in a hundred years and checked once in a thousand years. The original hydrological calculation overestimated the effect of soil and water conservation in the upper reaches, and the peak value of design flood was small, and the construction standard of the dragon auxiliary dam was low, so it was unsafe to spend the flood season. 1963 Beijing * * * approved the reservoir reconstruction, which was designed by the Municipal Design Institute, and the Municipal Water Conservancy Engineering Corps organized the construction in conjunction with Huairou County and Pinggu County. Content of Zhou Enlai Inscription Reconstruction Project: Expansion of East Spillway and Construction of West Spillway. The East Spillway rebuilt the original overflow surface and stilling basin, built new downstream side walls and scouring troughs, renovated the original overflow dike, transformed the hoist into a manual and electric dual-purpose machine, rebuilt the inlet lining of the water conveyance tunnel and the traffic passage between the tunnel intake tower and the main dam, and built a new normal gate. Renovation of the original dam crest and slope protection stone on the dam surface of the main dam, anti-seepage treatment of the right dam crest and dam foundation, renovation of the intake gate, etc. By the end of February, all reconstruction projects were basically completed 1964+65438. * * Completed 77,000 cubic meters of stone excavation, 343,900 cubic meters of earthwork, 25,600 cubic meters of reinforced concrete and 23,700 cubic meters of masonry, with a total labor of 627,700 t days and an investment of about 5 million yuan. The main dam and auxiliary dam of the reservoir were reinforced twice at 1976 and 1990 respectively. 1976 During the first heightening, the elevation of the main dam increased by 1 m, the elevation of the dam crest increased from 65m to 66m, and the crest of the breakwater increased from 66m to 67.2m.. The total height of the two auxiliary dams is 2m. The total labor cost of the whole project is 12 1 10,000 man-days, with an investment of 850,000 yuan. After this heightening, in case of once-in-a-thousand-year flood, when the water level exceeds 65 meters, it is still necessary to naturally divert the flood from the hilly land of the long auxiliary dam about 900 meters north of 1 and discharge it into Yanqi River along the northeast of the county. In order to completely solve the problem, the second main dam heightening 1 m project was carried out in 1990 with the approval of the State Council. Engineering Benefit With the development of capital construction, the contradiction of insufficient urban water supply is increasingly prominent. 1960 Miyun reservoir was completed, and the Baihe diversion canal was expanded into Jingmi diversion canal, which was connected with Huairou reservoir and extended downstream, becoming an important channel for water supply to Beijing across Miyun, Huairou, Shunyi, Changping and the Strait. Huairou reservoir became a large-scale regulating reservoir for water supply from Miyun reservoir to Beijing. The joint utilization of Miyun Reservoir, Huairou Reservoir and Jingmi Diversion Canal has partially solved the problems of industrial and domestic water use in Beijing, as well as the water use problems of state organs in the capital, foreign embassies in China and other institutions and all walks of life in Beijing. 1984, Beijing No.9 water source plant was built on the west side of the west spillway of Huairou Reservoir, supplying 360 million cubic meters of water to the capital every year, and Huairou Reservoir became one of the water resources bases in the capital. Huairou Reservoir, as the intermediate node of Miyun Reservoir Regulation Project (starting from Tuancheng Lake Regulation Pool and ending at Miyun Reservoir, with a total length of103km, mainly supplying water to Miyun Reservoir through Jingmi Diversion Canal), plays an important role in regulation and storage. From Huairou Reservoir to Miyun Reservoir, a new water pipeline with a diameter of 2.6 meters was built for 22 kilometers, and two high-lift pumping stations were added at both ends of the pipeline. All of them were accepted in March 20 14, realizing efficient water delivery. After the completion of Huairou Reservoir, it will irrigate Huairou, Shunyi and Tongxian10.3 million mu of farmland. The annual output of commercial fish is about 654.38+10,000 kg ~170,000 kg. During the 27 years from the completion of Huairou Reservoir to 1985, the inflow peak flow was greater than 150 cubic meters per second in 14 years, 350 cubic meters per second in 10 years and 450 cubic meters per second in 6 years. The biggest year is 1972, and the peak flow reaches 4245 cubic meters per second, which is more than 1939' s 2400 cubic meters per second 1845 cubic meters per second, but there is no flood disaster. The construction of Huairou Reservoir has played an important role in flood control safety in the lower reaches of Huaihe River, and also played a role in peak clipping of Chaobai River. After the completion of Huairou Reservoir, it has abundant water, vast waters and beautiful scenery, which plays an important role in the history of water conservancy construction in Beijing. It has improved the environment of the county town, making the county town close to the mountains and waters, with moist and fresh air, which has a unique environment that is rare in China county. Taking advantage of this feature, the county has gradually formed one of the important tourist and conference centers in the suburbs of Beijing.