What thinkers and works were there in ancient Greece?

Homer's Epic and Homer's Epic are the earliest formal written literary works in the history of western literature. There are two epics, namely Iliad (translated as Iliad) and Odyssey (translated as Ode). According to legend, the author is Homer, a blind poet who lived between 10 BC and the 8th century BC. But at present, the popular view is that Homer's epic is written by many people, including Homer, and revised repeatedly. According to Aesop's fable, Aesop was a freed slave in the first half of BC, and he was extremely clever. He wrote many fables in his life, but now only 120 stories compiled by some ancient writers in the 4th century BC are handed down. However, according to textual research, many of these stories may have originated in Asia or Africa and were not written by Aesop. The earliest tragic writers include thespis, the "father of drama", and Corilos, who was the first to introduce masks into drama. But Aeschylus, Sophocles and euripides are the most accomplished tragic writers in this period. Aeschylus (525-456 BC) was the greatest tragic writer in ancient Greece. His greatest contribution to the ancient Greek tragedy was the introduction of a second actor into the performance, which changed the traditional mode that only one actor and chorus performed together in ancient Greek drama, and provided possible and convenient conditions for the development of the plot and the richness of the drama. Of the 80 works of Aeschylus whose titles are known, only seven have survived to this day, including three plays: Teia (Agamemnon, Drunken and Nemesis), Beggar, Persian, Seven Attacks on Thebes and Prometheus. Aeschylus was the first master of the whole ancient Greek drama, which had a far-reaching influence on the development of the whole western drama art. Sophocles (496-406 BC) was a tragic writer in the heyday of democracy in Athens. At the age of 27, he took part in the tragic competition for the first time and defeated Aeschylus. Aristophanes praised him for being "perfect before his death and regretless after his death". Sophocles wrote more than 100 plays in his life, but only seven have survived to this day, with antigone and Oedipus the King as the highest achievements. Among them, King Oedipus is regarded as a model of ancient Greek tragedy. The tragedy of Sophocles is usually called "the tragedy of fate", that is, it is usually manifested as the conflict between personal will and fate. Aeschylus —— A masterpiece called "Father of Tragedy": Prometheus in bondage. It tells the story that Prometheus, the "fire thief", brought light and warmth to mankind from heaven and was willing to accept the punishment of Zeus. Aristophanes (446-358 BC) lived during the Peloponnesian War, and the city-state civilization of Athens was declining. There are phenomena such as polarization between the rich and the poor and political factions in Athens society, which is called the material of playwrights' creation. Aristophanes wrote 44 comedy scripts in his life, but only 1 1 survived completely, including Babylonian, Cloud, Bird, Knight and Akanai. Among them, Birds is the best work, the most complete allegorical comedy in ancient Greece and the origin of utopian comedy. Aristophanes is the father of European comedy, and he laid the comedy tradition of expressing serious themes in funny forms in western literature. Minand (342-292 BC) was a pioneer and representative of the new comedy in ancient Greece, and * * * wrote 105 comedy. Many of his works are completely handed down from generation to generation, including The World Hater and Samos Woman. Meinander's comedies often have a complicated love background, paying special attention to the characterization of the characters in the plays, which deeply influenced the English playwrights in the17th century. Toth (3 10- 250 BC) was the founder of pastoral poetry in the Hellenistic era. His poetic style is lively and beautiful, with 30 poems. Virgil in ancient Rome once imitated his style and wrote the famous pastoral poem. The famous poets in this period also include apollonius.