How many large-scale population migrations have occurred in China's modern history?

In the last years of China's feudal dynasty, ordinary people who could not bear the war and former nobles who lost power emigrated overseas. Due to its geographical proximity, Southeast Asia has become a place of immigration and refuge for China immigrants. This migration is called "Lower South Asia" in history. The real trip to Lower Nanyang began in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and reached its climax in the late Qing Dynasty. By 1905, the total number of overseas Chinese has reached 7 million.

Step 2: die

Westbound is one of the five most famous migration events in China's modern history. In the long history of more than 400 years from the mid-Ming Dynasty to the early Republic of China, countless Shanxi people, Shaanxi people and Hebei people left their homes, which opened up the economic and cultural channel between the hinterland of the Central Plains and the Mongolian grassland and promoted the prosperity and development of the northern region.

Step 3 go to the east

"Going East" is the abbreviation of China's immigration to the Northeast in modern times. Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi and Shaanxi are the most popular, among which Shandong is the most popular. Shandong Jiaodong has the largest population. In order to "rush into" Guandong, the Qing Dynasty regarded the northeast as a land of Longxing, and the Han nationality was not allowed to move in. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Han people either fled back to Shanhaiguan or became Manchu.

Extended data

Reasons for the above three great migrations:

1. To the east: Because with the Japanese and Russian forces entering the Northeast, the immigration taboo of the Manchu Dynasty to the Northeast is ineffective, and because with the development of the Northeast by Japan and Russia, a large number of laborers are needed; There were three famines in the mainland in Guangxu 3 years, 18 years and 3 1 year. Mainland residents support the elderly and take care of the young, and flee to the northeast in droves to visit relatives and friends, so they can plant wasteland.

2. Lower South Asia: At the end of the feudal dynasty, ordinary people who could not bear the war and former aristocrats who lost power moved overseas. Due to its geographical proximity, Southeast Asia has become a place of immigration and refuge for China immigrants. Fujian and Guangdong provinces have twists and turns along the coast, and people learn from the sea, which is unmatched by mainland people; The two provinces are close to Nanyang, which is convenient to travel back and forth, and the road is close and economical.

3. Westward: It was because Shanxi had a large population and a difficult life at that time; Some people were in Inner Mongolia because of the need of frontier defense at that time, so Shanxi businessmen developed in the middle of Ming Dynasty because of the need of frontier defense in Inner Mongolia. Others go to the west to meet this requirement and develop business and trade abroad.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Population Migration in China