Introduction of Holland ~ ~

The Netherlands is the main component of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and it is a sovereign country like Aruba, Cura? ao and Dutch Saint Martin in America and the Caribbean.

The territory of the Netherlands can be divided into two parts: Europe and the Caribbean.

The territory of the European area is located in the northwest of Europe, bordering on the North Sea, Germany, Belgium and Britain.

Caribbean region, located in the Caribbean region of America, includes three small islands: bonnaire Island, St. yust Shays Island and Saba Island.

The three largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam and The Hague.

Amsterdam is the official capital determined by the Constitution. However, the government, the palace and most embassies are located in The Hague.

In addition, the International Tribunal is also located in The Hague.

Located in Rotterdam, Rotterdam Port is the eighth largest port in the world.

1, geography:

Flat terrain is the most prominent feature of the Netherlands.

Half of its land area is below sea level 1 m, and 26% is even below sea level [27].

Some areas are even formed by reclamation, such as most parts of Frehling Province.

These lowlands are protected by seawalls.

The Dutch have been competing with the ocean for generations, and the biggest enemy in the eyes of the Dutch is the ocean.

The highest point of the Netherlands in Europe is the Fort Worth Mountain in the southeast corner of the country, with an altitude of 32 1 m, but the highest point of the Netherlands is the scenic mountain on Sabah Island in the Caribbean, with an altitude of 887 meters, which is also the geographical highest point of the whole kingdom.

The Rhine, the Val and the Maas divide the Netherlands in two.

For a long time, because of natural disasters and human intervention, the coastline of the Netherlands is constantly changing.

The most famous example is the storm of 1 134, which made a lot of land penetrate into the sea and created islands in the southwest of the province.

1278 12 14. The flood in Saint Lucia caused more than 50,000 deaths in the Netherlands and Germany, and it was one of the worst floods in Dutch history.

142 1 after the St. Elizabeth flood, a large number of polder fields were destroyed, and 72 square kilometers of Bie *** osch tidal flood plain appeared.

1In February 1953, floods in the North Sea caused many seawalls in the southwest of the Netherlands to burst, and 1800 residents were killed in the floods.

Therefore, the Dutch government has formulated a large-scale flood control plan to protect the country from the threat of floods, the most famous of which is the Delta Project.

In Europe, the southwest wind from the Azores high prevails in the Netherlands, which has a temperate maritime climate, warm in winter and cool in summer, with an annual precipitation of 650-700 mm.

But Bonaire Island in the Caribbean has a tropical and semi-arid climate; Sabah and St. Yoda Hughes are tropical and humid.

Step 2 travel

Holland is known as the "European garden" and "the country of windmills", and its tourism industry is relatively developed. The prestigious land reclamation project, the beautiful tulip planting area (the Netherlands is known as the "Tulip Kingdom" and tulip is its national flower), the famous cheese town Haoda (with the world's first cheese trading center) and the large windmill group full of ancient flavor (the Netherlands is the country with the most windmills) are all good places for sightseeing.

3. Economy

The Dutch economy is highly developed, with a per capita GDP of more than 50,000 US dollars, ranking in the top ten in the world and a human development index of 20 1 1 ranking third in the world, making it one of the top ten economic powers in the west.

It is the third largest exporter of agricultural products in the world and also a big shipbuilding country in the world.

The Netherlands is relatively poor in natural resources but rich in natural gas reserves. In 2005, the mining volume reached 74.5 billion cubic meters, which can be exported after self-sufficiency.

The traffic in the Netherlands is very developed, accounting for 30% of the total traffic in the EU.

4. Religion

The Netherlands guarantees religious freedom.

Compared with other European countries, the Netherlands is one of the most secular countries in Europe at present, and 67.8% people do not participate in religious activities.

The main religions in the Netherlands are Catholicism (24.6%) and Protestantism (10.8%).

Catholicism is mainly in the south, and Protestantism (mainly Dutch Reformed Sect) is in the north.

However, the once popular Calvinism has almost disappeared in the Netherlands.

In addition, due to the large increase of Muslim immigrants, Islam has reached 5% of the national population and become the third largest religion in the Netherlands.

In addition, there are many followers of Buddhism, Judaism and Hinduism in the Netherlands.

5. Art

Many famous painters were born in Holland.

The early Nederland School appeared in the Northern Renaissance.

/kloc-the golden age painting of the Netherlands in the 0 th and 7 th centuries appeared in the heyday of the Netherlands, and painters such as Rembrandt, Jan Vermeer and Jan Sting appeared in the Netherlands.

19 and 20th century painters include Van Gogh and Peter mondriaan.

Maurits cornelis escher is also a famous graphic artist.

6. Industry

Dutch industry is very developed, and the main industrial sectors are food processing, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, electronics, steel, shipbuilding, printing, diamond processing and so on.

Rotterdam is the largest oil refining center in Europe.

There are many famous multinational companies in Holland. 20 1 1 * * 12 Dutch enterprises enter the "world top 500".

7. diplomacy

An important feature of Dutch diplomatic history is past neutrality.

After World War II, many international organizations were established in the Netherlands, the most famous being the United Nations and the International Court of Justice.

However, Dutch diplomacy actually abandoned the policy of neutrality and joined NATO and the European Union successively.

Dutch foreign policy is based on four basic positions: Atlantic regional cooperation, European integration, international development and international law.