95% of this country is desert. Why doesn't Egypt introduce Nile water into the desert and turn it into an oasis?

There is a serious water shortage in the Middle East. As a country in the Middle East, Egypt is also facing the problem of water shortage. Water resources is one of the reasons for the turmoil in the Middle East, and it also restricts the economic development of countries in the Middle East. Israel, also a country in the Middle East, has gained a firm foothold with the support of the United States and turned the desert into fertile land with advanced technology. Egypt once introduced Nile water into the desert to build an oasis, but it ended in failure.

Egypt is located in the northeast of Africa at the junction of Europe, Asia and Africa. The Suez Canal in Egypt connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean and is one of the most important maritime traffic arteries in the world. Ancient Egypt is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world. They built the world-famous pyramids. Now, the people of Sri Lanka have gone, and now Arabs rule this land of Egypt, with a total population of nearly 654.38+0 billion.

Although Egypt has a land area of 6,543.8+0,000 square kilometers, deserts and semi-deserts account for 95% of the total land area, and it is a veritable desert country. The western desert alone accounts for two-thirds of the country's area, and most of it is quicksand. Therefore, Egypt is dry and rainy, and the climate is dry and hot. Egypt is adjacent to the Sahara Desert, the largest desert in the world. The desert in Egypt is actually a small part of the Sahara Desert.

Although Egypt has a relatively large territory, there are few places for people to live. Located in the Nile Delta in northern Egypt and the northern coastal areas, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, it has a subtropical Mediterranean climate with a relatively mild climate. More than 90% of the population lives in this area, which accounts for less than 5% of the country. The contradiction between man and land is very prominent, and less cultivated land is used for agricultural development.

The Nile is the longest river in the world, with a total length of more than 6,000 kilometers. The Nile runs through Egypt from south to north, and the length of this section is about 1500 km, forming a long and narrow valley, and an oasis belt is also formed along the river valley. The water from the Nile finally flows into the Mediterranean Sea, forming the Nile Delta north of the capital Cairo. Like the Yellow River and the Yangtze River in China, the Nile belongs to the mother river. Without the Nile, there would be no ancient Egyptian civilization.

In 1950s, the Egyptians had the idea of diverting Nile water to irrigate the desert, and put forward the new valley plan. At that time, Egypt had just been founded, and it failed to meet the requirements in technology and capital, and finally gave up. In order to fight drought and water shortage, with the help of the Soviet Union, Egypt built the Aswan Dam in the 1970s, forming the largest artificial lake Nasser Reservoir in Africa.

The picture above shows the corner of Nasser Reservoir.

The Nasser Reservoir gave the Egyptians a taste of sweetness. 1997, Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak launched a new plan, the Tuszka plan, to turn the desert in western Egypt into an oasis. The scale of this project is larger than that of the Three Gorges Dam Project. It is expected to be completed in 20 years, and it is called the Mubarak Pyramid. But after all, it was an armchair strategist, without considering the actual situation, and finally it was screwed up because of problems such as funds and management. 20 1 1 With the collapse of Mubarak's government, the Egyptian people's dream of transforming the desert failed to come true after all, and the Tuszka project with an investment of more than 6 billion dollars also hit Shui Piao hard.

In addition to the problems of funds and management, it is also an important reason that the water diversion and reclamation plan in Egypt has not been realized. The Tuszka project uses pumps to pump water, and a large amount of water is pumped in the upper reaches of the Egyptian section of the Nile, which will inevitably lead to a decrease in the downstream water volume. Moreover, the project did not use drip irrigation technology like Israel, but flooded with water, which was a great waste of water resources. Tuszka project is essentially a beautiful dream created by Mubarak, a political strongman, for the Egyptians, without considering the actual situation and operability at all.

Desert reconstruction is a big project and a long-term project, which cannot be accomplished overnight. Large-scale desertification, whether natural or man-made, requires afforestation, windbreak and sand fixation, pushing water resources inward from the edge of the desert, or pushing them by region, and then reclaiming land for resettlement. With the cooperation of water resources and green plants, it will eventually change the local climate environment.

China has rich experience in transferring water and transforming the desert Gobi, such as the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the Three-North Shelterbelt. Green mountains and green waters are the real money. Sandstorm control began at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and people have been encouraged to participate in tree planting. Every March 12 is the Arbor Day in China.

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