Preliminary study on farmers' resettlement in "fertile land construction project"

With the acceleration of China's industrialization and urbanization and the sustained and high-speed economic development, the contradiction of land resources shortage in Jiangsu Province has become increasingly acute. In order to alleviate the contradiction, the implementation of the "10,000 hectares of fertile land construction project" is conducive to solving the problems and contradictions of scattered farmland management, backward production methods, messy village layout, excessive land occupation per household and low level of security, and is a concrete measure to promote the transformation of agriculture from decentralized management to scale management and traditional agriculture to modern agriculture; It is a powerful means to protect resources, ensure development and realize intensive and efficient use of land resources; It is an effective way to implement Scientific Outlook on Development, break the dual structure of urban and rural areas, promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, improve the level of urbanization and build a harmonious society. However, in the "fertile land construction project", a large number of rural houses were demolished and a large number of contracted land was transferred. The following puts forward some countermeasures on how to solve the problem of farmers' resettlement reasonably.

1 Basic principles of "fertile land construction project"

On the premise that the cultivated land area is not reduced, the construction land is not increased, the interests of farmers are not damaged, and the land laws and regulations are not violated, the implementation of the "fertile land construction project" should follow the following principles.

1. 1 Scientific planning, coordinating urban and rural areas.

The land consolidation planning and centralized residential area planning of "fertile land construction project" should be connected with the overall land use planning, land development and consolidation planning, basic farmland protection planning and urban planning, and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas through scientific planning.

1.2 Focus on agriculture.

Focus on the construction of large-scale contiguous high-standard farmland, ensure that after the implementation of construction projects, increase the effective cultivated land area, improve the quality of cultivated land, implement large-scale operation, and develop modern agriculture.

1.3 government-led, departmental coordination

The construction project pilot is organized by the county (city, district) government, coordinated by relevant departments, and operated in various ways such as marketization.

1.4 pilot first, standardize operation.

Adhere to the local reality, do what you can, choose places with good work foundation, certain economic foundation and financial guarantee ability to carry out pilot work first, and conduct exploration and research on farmers' demolition and resettlement, employment, and transfer of rural land contractual management rights, and gradually promote them after obtaining successful experience.

1.5 rights protection according to law, recognized by farmers.

Strictly implement relevant laws, regulations and policies, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers and collective economic organizations, fully respect the wishes of the masses, gain farmers' recognition, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of land owners and users, and earnestly safeguard social stability.

1.6 Innovative ideas and active exploration.

The fertile land construction project is a brand-new systematic project, which is directly related to the vital interests of farmers. It involves many fields and has high policy requirements. We should explore new ideas, boldly innovate, actively explore and practice, and find a new way to protect resources and ensure development.

2 farmers resettlement countermeasures

2. 1 Resettlement after the transfer of land contractual management right

On the premise of voluntariness and compensation, we will actively guide farmers to transfer the contracted management right of land through subcontracting, leasing, shareholding and replacement of social security, promote the intensive management of land scale, and accelerate the development of modern agriculture and farmers' transfer of employment. Specifically, it is divided into subcontracting, subletting and permanent abandonment of contracted land:

(1) For the farmers who subcontract or sublet the contracted land, the contracted land will be subletted to the village collective economic organization for operation in the form of annual rent, and the villagers who reach a certain age can also get living allowance. The experience of Yuxin Town in Jiaxing City can be used for reference. Farmers will lease the contracted land back to the village economic cooperatives at the annual rent of 600 yuan per mu (the lease term is the remaining years from the second round of contracting to 2028), and then the village economic cooperatives will entrust it to the Yuxin Town Yuli Investment Development Co., Ltd., which is jointly funded by five pilot villages (each accounting for 10%) and the government (accounting for 50%). The company invested 65,438 yuan per mu. The land transfer lease fee obtained by farmers increases every three years 10%. In addition, the contracted land belongs to the village collective farmers, and if they reach the age of 60, they will be given a monthly living allowance of 100 yuan; For farmers who have converted all contracted land, dry land and private plots into village collectives, and the elderly with more than 60 people, they will be given a monthly living allowance according to 200 yuan. At the same time, for those groups with employment difficulties, men are 5 1 year-old and women are over 46 years old. They are recommended to work in agricultural enterprises and become agricultural workers with an annual income of 3,000 ~ 4,000 yuan.

(2) For farmers who are willing to give up the right to contracted management of land permanently, the government will apply for social security and provide employment support with reference to the standards and measures of landless farmers. At present, the social security level of land-expropriated farmers in Jiaxing City has been relatively high, reaching 60 years old for men and 50 years old for women, and they enjoy the pension insurance co-ordination fee in 540 yuan every month. However, the right to land contractual management for social security cannot be enjoyed repeatedly. For farmers who have gone to work in cities and participated in the endowment insurance for urban workers, but still have contracted land, they will be given a one-time monetary compensation to replace their land contractual management rights according to the compensation standard for replacing social security.

2.2 Farmers' residential and homestead demolition and resettlement

On the premise of voluntariness and compensation, farmers are encouraged to give up their homestead, and monetary resettlement and "demolition and compensation" resettlement are implemented with reference to the compensation measures of Kunshan City, or the successful experiences of Fanglin Village, Luqiao District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, Wangfuji Village, Wenling City and Niufuling Village, Ruian City, Wenzhou City are used for reference. All the supporting facilities of residential quarters are invested and built by village-level collectives or all the construction costs are borne by farmers themselves, so that they can make unified plans and build their own houses. In other words, there are three modes for farmers to choose from:

(1) Implement monetary resettlement. For farmers who give up their homesteads and enter cities and towns to buy commercial housing, the government will directly give corresponding monetary compensation to the original housing according to the construction area, and will no longer arrange other resettlement houses and homesteads. The compensation standard is that the legal construction area of the original house is evaluated at the replacement price, and the location price is converted. Its homestead was cancelled after being audited by the land and resources management department, and it will no longer enjoy the right to apply for the use of rural homestead in the future. After living in cities and towns, farmers will, in principle, move their household registration into community management and enjoy the rights of urban residents in terms of children's education, vocational training and employment services. , in addition to applying for homestead, continue to enjoy the rights and interests of the village collective economic organization in the original place of residence.

(2) the implementation of "demolition and one supplement" resettlement. For those who abandon the homestead, exclusive homestead will no longer be arranged, but high-standard multi-storey apartment blocks will be built in a unified way, and the resettlement method of "demolition and one supplement" will be implemented. After the relocation, each farmer can get 2 ~ 3 sets of commercial housing. Relocation and resettlement have changed the "messy" situation in rural areas, improved supporting facilities, improved the quality of life of farmers and saved a lot of land resources. After centralized resettlement of community farmers, each household can save about 0.5 mu of land, and the land saving rate is over 62.5%.

(3) farmers build their own. It can avoid the financial difficulties of the government, so the author suggests that unified planning, government support and farmers' self-construction can be adopted.

Farmers build their own houses. The "four unifications" construction mode can be adopted, that is, unified planning, unified design, unified land use and unified construction. However, all the construction application procedures are handled according to farmers' self-built houses.

B mainly multi-storey apartment buildings or conjoined buildings. The basic supporting facilities or part of them are invested by the government, and the houses for living, production and operation are taken care of by farmers.