What is the geography, economy and culture of Britain?

(1). Land condition

Britain is the birthplace of the modern industrial revolution. Its official name is "United Kingdom" and its full name is "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". The country covers an area of * * * 242,400 square kilometers and consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, each with its own characteristics and personality.

England, with a population of 43 million, is the largest area in Britain. Most of the world-famous English history and traditions come from here: Shakespeare's Stratford-on-Avon, Cotswolds Hill, Buckingham Palace's royal family and Windsor Castle ... London, the capital, is the world's major financial, insurance and commercial center and a metropolis where young people gather. More and more cities, such as Liverpool and Manchester, are becoming more and more famous for their unique English clubs and music festivals.

Scotland is not much smaller than England, but its population is much smaller than England. Only 5 million people live in this area with mountains, lakes and canyons. It is one of the last unspoiled natural scenic spots in Europe. Scotland's economy consists of fishing and forestry, with advanced science and industrial technology. It has a long and rich cultural tradition, and the Edinburgh Art Festival held every August is the largest drama and performance art festival in the world.

Wales, with a population of 3 million, is famous for its beautiful rural scenery and hospitality. In recent years, Cardiff and Swansea in southern Wales have experienced architectural and economic revival, and more Japanese companies have invested here than anywhere else in Europe.

The people of Northern Ireland are famous for their hospitality and are deeply loved by international students. Northern Ireland is a good place to study, because it has convenient transportation and pleasant scenery with England and continental Europe.

In Britain, international students can enjoy rich multiculturalism. Campus is located in cities, or highlands, lakes, beaches, or villages, old industrial areas and so on. As Britain is a relatively small island country, students can easily visit various places and enjoy Britain's rich culture and beautiful natural environment without spending too much.

(2) Population status

By the end of the 20th century, the total population of Britain was 59.4 million, ranking 17 in the world. In the past 20 years, the population has increased by more than 3 million. With the extension of human life, the aging of the population is also increasing. Of the four components of its territory, England has the highest population density and Scotland the smallest. According to a recent population survey, 94.5% people think they are "white" and 5.5% people think they belong to other races.

For centuries, whether out of political asylum or religious persecution, or looking for business opportunities, immigrants have settled in Britain. For a long time, Irish people have occupied most of the foreign population. Later, Jews and European refugees also came to Britain, especially from the end of 19 to the period after 1945.

In the 1950s and 1960s, immigrants from the Caribbean and the South Asian subcontinent flooded in. In recent years, a large number of immigrants have come from African countries. At present, there are about 60,000 Chinese in Britain, accounting for 0.3% of the total population.

(3) Climate

Britain has a maritime temperate climate. Affected by the Gulf Stream, the climate is generally humid and mild.

It's usually warm in winter and cool in summer. Generally speaking, the weather is neither too hot nor too cold. Summer (June-September) is usually hot (25-30oC), and sometimes the temperature drops suddenly; It is cold in autumn and winter (65438+1October-March), with the temperature often below 0oC and frost. It often snows after February. Although the east is drier than the west and north, the annual precipitation distribution is still very uniform. Generally speaking, there is much rain and high humidity all year round.

(4) Economy

Britain became the first industrialized country in the world at the end of 18 and the beginning of 19. Its social wealth is rooted in steel manufacturing, heavy machinery industry, cotton textile industry, coal mining industry, shipbuilding industry and trade. However, in the past few years, great changes have taken place in Britain's economic and industrial model. The service industry now accounts for 66% of the gross national product and 75% of the employed population. Britain is a world leader in finance and commerce, and tourism is another major growth area. London is the world financial center of London, with the largest number of overseas banks and one of the largest international insurance markets.

Manufacturing still occupies a pivotal position in the British economy, and high-tech industries such as medicine, bioengineering, chemical industry and electronics have also made extraordinary achievements. Offshore oil and gas have a great impact on the economy.

Britain is the fourth largest trading country in the world, and its goods and services account for about 5.7% of the world trade volume. As a member of the European Union, Britain is a part of the largest trade organization in the world today, and together with other member countries, it has achieved 40% of world trade exports.

(5). Social culture

Christianity is a traditional religion in Britain, but most religions in the world can also be found here.

Track. Muslims are the second largest religion in Britain, along with Hinduism, Judaism and Sikhism. The cultural life in Britain is rich and colorful, and many British people engaged in art and media work enjoy international reputation. English is the main language in Britain and one of the most widely used languages in the world. According to the latest survey, one fifth of Welsh people speak Welsh, while about 70,000 people in Scotland speak Gaelic.