Why did the Han people in the Qing Dynasty attack Kanto? Where is "Kanto"?

What today's editorial brings us is why the Han people in Qing Dynasty bravely embarked on this road. I hope this will help everyone.

At that time, a movie called "Braving the Kanto" made the audience seem to have returned to that difficult era and had a new understanding of history and Kanto. For people nowadays, "face the journey bravely" may be just three easy words to say. But at that time, once the decision to "break the East" was made, it meant the choice of fate: we had to face the severe natural environment and always guard against persecution from the imperial court. Any carelessness will lead to life danger! Therefore, when people decide to "travel bravely" and raise their hopes, they also put themselves in a very dangerous situation. Their inner struggles and pains are beyond our comprehension.

Then, where did the "Kanto" to be launched at that time refer to? To put it bluntly, Guandong refers to the three northeastern provinces now, because it is named after Shanhaiguan.

The relationship between Kanto and Qing Dynasty is quite deep. Strictly speaking, Kanto was the "birthplace" and "base" of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, in the eyes of the rulers in the Qing Dynasty, especially in the early Qing Dynasty, this place belongs to the "holy land" of Manchu people, and Han people are not allowed to enter.

Was Kanto prosperous before? No, it's cold in kanto region. The population is sparse. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they suffered from war again: when the Ming Dynasty retreated, the villages along the way would be burned down, and the Qing soldiers attacked the city and advocated the "urban massacre". So in the Central Plains, few people would like to live there if they were not forced. However, nothing was left. Rich specialties such as ginseng, mink and velvet antler can still attract businessmen, thus forming an industrial chain. Where there are business opportunities, there are benefits, and some people will take risks regardless of the ban of the Qing court. This is the earliest "crossing the Kanto"

Qing dynasty's attitude towards kanto experienced ups and downs;

In the tenth year of Shunzhi, the emperor shunzhi issued decrees to recruit refugees to recover Kanto, and issued a series of decrees, which sent all the poor people in the country into abject poverty. This is the first climax of "Braving the Guandong".

However, in the seventh year of Kangxi, the Qing government announced the closure of Shanhaiguan, and all policies in Shunzhi period were terminated. It is worth mentioning that the court not only banned refugees from entering, but also issued a' marching order' to let Han people leave. However, the Yongzheng period also inherited this view, often turning a blind eye, not too severely investigated. For those who steal ginseng, they are also lenient;

During the Qianlong period, the ban escalated again, and Gan Long also set a timetable for the departure of Han Chinese. If any opponent disobeys orders, he will be directly imprisoned or even executed on the spot.

Why did the Qing government prohibit Han Chinese from entering Kanto?

First, turn it off.

After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, Manchu culture was almost swallowed up by Han culture. The ruler thinks that only kanto region is unaffected. Therefore, they hope that the Manchu customs will be preserved in this area.

Second, save resources.

The Qing government also knew that kanto region was rich in resources. In their view, these resources should belong to those Manchu people who stayed behind. If Han people continue to exist, it will inevitably lead to excessive exploitation, which is not in the interest of Manchu people.

Among the emperors, Gan Long's policies were undoubtedly the most cruel. In his first year in power, Gan Long ended the loose ban policy.

First of all, he ordered that the distribution of North Korean prisoners to the three northeastern provinces should be stopped, and all places should be changed into smoking areas regardless of grades and conditions. Anyway, you don't go to the three northeastern provinces, where there is no place for you. It is not easy to change criminals, but it is necessary to change the system and strengthen the military strength of border cards. In the third year, a decree was issued to change the civil servants of Wei Yuanbao and other six posts to Wu Zhi. Emperor Gan's spells followed one after another. The third time, at the request of Han Guangji, the right assistant minister of the Ministry of Justice, and Suozhu, the right assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, he ordered Shanhaiguan officers and men to carefully observe the entry and exit of idle people. In the sixth year, the Eight Banners in Jilin and other places prohibited recruiting refugees to farm.

Gan Long inherited Huang Taiji's behavior and imposed decisive sanctions on officials who were not conducive to refugee investigation. In addition, he took severe measures, and one official after another was demoted, transferred or retired. Huobei, the magistrate of Fengtian County, was not responsible for checking the clearance of 47,000 displaced people. He is perfunctory. Please send Hobe to Beijing and give it to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Fengtian magistrate is a senior official in Jilin Province and an unfortunate military commander. Due to the refugee ban, many people followed in Hobe's footsteps.

This shows that the "crossing the Kanto" at that time was actually risking his own life. Ironically, Emperor Gan Long's ban was to protect Kanto from the erosion of China culture, but he himself became a "master of calligraphy and painting" under the influence of China culture.

The wheel of history has been moving forward. 1860, Xianfeng emperor completely lifted the ban on "crossing the east", making it legal to make a living through customs. This once again set off a wave of "going eastward" and promoted the all-round development of Northeast China. In this regard, Emperor Xianfeng contributed greatly.