What hydropower stations are there in the Yangtze River Basin?

Hydropower stations on the tributaries of the Yangtze River \x0d\ The Yangtze River is the largest river in China. It winds down from west to east from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the roof of the world, with a drop of more than 6,000 meters. The Yangtze River is rich in water, numerous tributaries and rich in hydropower resources. It is estimated that the total hydropower resources in the Yangtze River Basin are 2168 million kilowatts, of which the exploitable amount is197 million kilowatts. For thousands of years, the abundant hydropower resources in the Yangtze River have been in vain, and the large-scale development of hydropower resources in the Yangtze River is a matter of recent decades. At present, there are nearly 100 large-scale (with an installed capacity of more than 250,000 kilowatts) and medium-sized (between 25,000 kilowatts and 250,000 kilowatts) hydropower stations in the Yangtze River Basin, in addition to the Gezhouba Water Control Project on the main stream and the Three Gorges Project under construction. Most tributaries of the Yangtze River flow through mountainous and hilly areas with complex terrain and low population density. In addition, the mountains are high and the valleys are deep, which has favorable conditions for building hydropower stations. Here, we will introduce several famous large hydropower stations on the tributaries of the Yangtze River. \x0d\ Yalong River-Ertan Power Station \x0d\ Yalong River originates at the southern foot of Bayan Kara and flows southward into Jinsha River near Panzhihua City, with a total length of 1.500 kilometers and a drop of more than 3,800 meters. Ertan Power Station is located in the lower reaches of Yalong River, 33 kilometers away from the estuary and 46 kilometers away from Panzhihua City. Ertan Hydropower Station began site selection planning in September 1972, submitted a feasibility study report in September 1983 and passed the examination of relevant national experts. In June 19 1 year, the preliminary construction of auxiliary projects and some main projects was carried out, and the main project of the power station was officially started in September 14. 56005.00000000001equipped with six 550,000 kw turbines, with an installed capacity of 3.3 million kw and a power generation of 65.438+07 billion kwh. Upon completion, the installed capacity and power generation will surpass Gezhouba Hydropower Station, making it the second largest hydropower station in China after the Three Gorges Hydropower Station. The concrete hyperbolic arch dam of Ertan Power Station is 240 meters high, and there is no higher dam in Asia. In May 1998, Ertan Power Station was shut down to store water. In July of that year, the Yalong River was flooded with a flow rate of 9080 m3/s, and the second largest flood peak in the existing hydrological records rose on August 10, with a flow rate of 65438/ s.. \x0d\ Dadu River-Gongzui Power Station \x0d\ Dadu River originates in Qinghai Province and joins the Minjiang River in Leshan, Sichuan, which is the largest tributary of the Minjiang River. The total length of the Dadu River is only 1 1,000 kilometers, but the drop is more than 4,000 meters, and the reserves of hydropower resources reach 1 7 million kilowatts, ranking first among the main tributaries of the Yangtze River. The development of hydropower resources on the Dadu River is also relatively early. The famous Gongzui Power Station is located on the mainstream of the Dadu River, about 90 kilometers away from the mouth of the Dadu River into the Minjiang River. The dam site controls a watershed of 76,000 square kilometers with a total installed capacity of 700,000 kilowatts. /kloc-0 officially started construction in March, 1966, and was completed by the end of 1978, with an annual power generation of nearly 3.6 billion kwh, second only to Ertan Power Station in southwest China. \x0d\ 33km below Gongzui Power Station is Tongjiezi Power Station, which started construction on 1980, with an installed capacity of 600,000 kilowatts and an annual power generation of more than 3.2 billion kWh. \x0d\ Wujiang-Wujiangdu Power Station \x0d\ Wujiang originated in the northwest of Guizhou Province, with a total length of 1000 km. It is the longest tributary on the south (right) bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with a drop of more than 2000 meters from the source to the estuary. The main tributary contains more than 1000 kilowatts of hydropower resources. The terrain through which Wujiang River flows is complex. After decades of construction, a series of hydropower engineering facilities such as Puding, Dongfeng, Wujiangdu and Maotiaohe cascade hydropower stations have been built, among which Wujiangdu hydropower station is the largest. \x0d\ Wujiangdu Hydropower Station is located 3 kilometers upstream of Wujiangdu Town, Zunyi County, Guizhou Province. The valley at the dam site is typically V-shaped. The dam of the power station is165m high and 368m long. 1974 started construction, 1979 put the first unit into production, 1983 was fully completed. \x0d\ Qingjiang-Geheyan Power Station \x0d\ Qingjiang originates from Lichuan City, Hubei Province, and joins the Yangtze River near Yichang, with a total length of 425 kilometers and a total drop of 1 0,430 meters from the source to the estuary. Geheyan Hydropower Station is located 9 kilometers upstream of Changyang County, with mountains on both sides more than 300 meters above the river, and steep overhanging rocks on the right bank, which residents on the left bank call overhanging rocks. Geheyan Power Station started on 1987 and was completed on 1995. The length of the dam is 653 meters, the maximum dam height is 15 1 m, the ground elevation at the top of the dam is 206 meters, the installed capacity is10.2 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation is over 3 billion kwh. After the completion of Geheyan Hydropower Station, it has played a great role in flood control. According to the calculation, when Qingjiang flood enters the Yangtze River, the maximum water volume can account for 15% of the total flow of the Yangtze River near Yichang. With the increase of Qingjiang river flow 1 0,000 cubic meters, the water level in Jingjiang reach will rise by 8 cm, reaching 10 cm, and the water level in Jingjiang reach will be 1 0,998. On August 7-8, the water level in Shashi rose to 44.95m (if it exceeds 45m, Jingjiang flood diversion project may be started), the inflow from the upper reaches of Geheyan reached 5000m3/s, and the water level rose to 203m, exceeding the warning water level of11.8m. In order to prevent the Qingjiang flood peak from meeting the Yangtze flood peak, the reservoir controlled the discharge at/kloc. In addition, the later construction of Geheyan and Gaozhou Dam also improved the navigation conditions of Qingjiang River, extending the navigation mileage of Qingjiang River from 109 km to 153 km, and increasing the ship's load capacity from 20 tons to 300 tons. \x0d\ Hanjiang River-Danjiangkou Power Station \x0d\ The total length of Hanjiang River is1577km, which is the longest river in the tributaries of the Yangtze River. The drop from the source to the mouth of the Hanjiang River is 1900 meters, and the water resource reserve is 1000000 kilowatts, of which more than 6 million kilowatts can be developed, and it is concentrated in Danjiangkou and above, Hubei Province. Danjiangkou hydropower station was built in 1958. 1973 all units were put into power generation, and then the initial project was completed. The whole project will not be completed until the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is implemented. Danjiangkou Hydropower Station dam is 97 meters high, with a total installed capacity of 900,000 kilowatts and an annual power generation of 3.8 billion kWh. \x0d\ Danjiang Water Control Project not only generates electricity, but also has comprehensive benefits such as flood control, irrigation and shipping, especially flood control and disaster reduction benefits. Hanjiang river basin has always been one of the flood-prone areas in China. Although the average flow of the Hanjiang River for many years is only 1640 cubic meters per second, there is a large amount of water in flood season. Since the construction of Danjiang Reservoir, the flood peak discharge in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River has been successfully intercepted for 68 times, and the accumulated flood control and disaster reduction benefits have reached 22.25 billion yuan. It is particularly worth mentioning that180,000 cubic meters per second was the peak flow of Danjiang Reservoir when the sixth flood peak went straight to Wuhan in August, 1998. In order to stagger with the flood peak of the Yangtze River, the reservoir gate was closed for 96 hours. \x0d\ Yuanjiang —— Wuqiangxi Power Station \x0d\ Yuanjiang is the most abundant river in Dongting Lake in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with a main stream length of 1 1,000 kilometers and a drop of nearly 1 1,500 meters. It is planned to build 1 1 cascade power stations on the main stream, of which Wuqiangxi Power Station is the largest. It is 0/30km away from Changde City/Kloc-0, the highest point of the dam is 87.5m, and the strongest point of the dam crest is 724m, with a total installed capacity of10.2 million kilowatts and an annual power generation of over 5.3 billion kWh. With the construction of this project, the flood control standard of dikes in the lower reaches of Yuanjiang River has been raised from once every five years to once every 20 years. At the same time, the downstream flow in dry season has been increased to 390 cubic meters per second, and the navigation mileage of upstream and downstream has been increased by 220 kilometers. \x0d\x0d\ Yangtze River Hydropower Station \x0d\ Gezhouba Hydropower Station \x0d\ is located in Yichang City, Hubei Province, 3km away from Nanjing Pass at the outlet of Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River. It is the first large-scale hydropower project x0d built on the Yangtze River, and it is the reverse regulation and navigation cascade of the Three Gorges Project. \x0d\ The control basin area above the dam site is 6,543,800 km2, accounting for 55.5% of the total area of the Yangtze River basin. The annual average flow of the dam site is \ x0d \x0d\ 14300m3/s/s, and the annual average runoff is 45 1 100 million m3. The average sediment transport for many years is 530 million t, and the average sediment concentration is 12kg/m3. 90% of the sediment is concentrated in the flood season. \x0d\ Gezhouba project has comprehensive benefits such as power generation and waterway improvement. The installed capacity of the power station is 2710.50 million kilowatts. When the power station operates alone, the guaranteed output is 768,000 kilowatts, and the annual power generation is 65.438+0.57 billion kilowatts. (After the completion of the Three Gorges Project, the guaranteed output can be increased to \ \x0d\ 654.38+0.58 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation can be increased to 65438+0.94 million kilowatts. The power station is integrated into Central China \x0d\ power grid with 500 kV and 220 kV transmission lines, and transmits 65,438 0,000 kilowatts of electricity to Shanghai through 500 kV DC transmission lines, which is 65,438 0,000 kilometers away from Shanghai. \x0d\ backwater in the reservoir area 1 10 ~ 180 km, which improves the shipping conditions of Chuanjiang River. The total storage capacity of the reservoir is 65.438+580 million m3, which is limited by shipping. There is no effect of flood regulation and peak clipping in the near future. After the completion of the Three Gorges Project, the uneven discharge caused by flood regulation in the Three Gorges Project can be reversed, and the reverse regulation storage capacity is 85 million m3. \ x0d \ x0d \ Three Gorges Hydropower Station, also known as Three Gorges Project, Three Gorges Dam and Three Gorges Reservoir, is located on the main stream of the Yangtze River from Chongqing, China to Yichang, Hubei. The dam is located in Sanduping, Zigui County, Xiling Gorge of Three Gorges, and forms a cascade dispatching power station with Gezhouba Hydropower Station not far downstream. It is the largest hydropower station in the world and the largest engineering project in China. Many problems such as immigration and environment caused by it have been accompanied by great controversy since the moment it was built.