The Historical Evolution of Yangcun Town

Xiqiao River is an ancient natural river, which is called "summer fat water" in the Notes on Water Classics. Xifeihe River is the main tributary of Huaihe River, which originates from Machangji, Taikang County, Henan Province, flows through six counties of Qiaocheng, Taihe, Yang Guo, Lixin, Yingshang and Fengtai in Anhui Province, and flows into Huaihe River at Xiashankou in Fengtai County, with a total length of 250 kilometers. Fengtai County is located in the middle reaches of Huaihe River and the southern edge of Huaibei Plain. It was called Zhou Lai in ancient times, or Cai Xia. The county was founded in the tenth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1732) and has evolved to this day. Fengtai faces Huaihe River, governs Xihe River, and Yangcun Town is located on the north bank of Xihe River.

Yangcun Town is named after the existence of Yangcun Collection in China, which is also commonly known as Yangcun Collection. The origin of Yangcunji is inseparable from a period of history: after the elimination of gold in Mongolia, it occupied a large area of land as pasture, and some even reached thousands of hectares; After the demise of the Song Dynasty, Mongolian kings, queens, ministers and monks all occupied a large amount of land in the form of occupation or reward. With the high concentration of land, farmers and small and medium-sized landlords lost their land, or were forced to become tenant farmers or fled to other places. After the mid-Yuan Dynasty, the government often made ends meet, so it kept increasing taxes and levies. During the reign of Injong, the total amount of Yin Bao increased tenfold compared with that in the early Yuan Dynasty. The general tax revenue has increased by 50 times, and with the attack of natural disasters and plagues, the people have generally fallen into poverty. According to statistics, in 1329, there were13.4 million households in China, with a population of less than 60 million and 8.43 million hungry people and refugees. Due to the extreme intensification of class contradictions and ethnic contradictions, armed uprisings are constantly taking place in various places. In the 11th year of Zheng Zheng (135 1 year), the Yuan government mobilized150,000 civilian workers to build the Yellow River. The civilian worker was closely watched by the Yuan soldiers and was often deducted from his wages and meals by the river repairing officer, so he was very resentful. Liu Futong, the leader of Anbaili School, took advantage of this opportunity to bury a one-eyed stone man on the construction site in advance, so that the popular folk song "One-eyed stone man stirs up the Yellow River against the world" came true and aroused the peasants' anti-yuan anger. In May, Liu Futong captured Yingzhou (now Fuyang) to prepare a case; In August, Sesame Plum (Li Er) and others seized Xuzhou. In December, Quan Wang (Bu) and others occupied Dengzhou (now Dengxian County, Henan Province) and Nanyang. In October, Xu Shouhui gained power in qi zhou (now Qichun, Hubei). In February of the following year, Guo Zixing revolted in Haozhou. 1353, Zhang Shicheng rebelled in Taizhou, Jiangsu.

In order to consolidate the rule, the Yuan government mobilized elite troops and various insurgents to fight to the death on the land of Huanghuai. The Yuan army was brutal, killing people like hemp, mostly "pulling the land to kill the city", causing ten deaths and seven or eight injuries to the people in Henan, Hebei, Luxi, northern Anhui and northern Jiangsu. Among them, Liu Futong named Han Liner Wang Xiaoming, and Anfeng (now Shouxian South and Anfengtang North) was the capital for about eight years. Shouxian and Huainan were the focus of the Yuan army's clean-up. According to the records of Yuan Dynasty, Anfeng Road has 8 counties 1 states (Shouchun, Anfeng, Cai Xia, Huoqiu, Mengcheng, Dingyuan, Huaiyuan, Zhongli and Haozhou), and only 17992 households, 9761/kloc-. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it became a battlefield again, and the people were slaughtered. Xu Ben, who was appointed as the left-hand envoy of Henan Province in the early Ming Dynasty, intoned in the poem "Boat Crossing Shouzhou": "Ask Gu Shouchun, after many wars, the evil group should be the main cause of chaos and suffer from this. At that time, there were no indigenous people. The field is full of Artemisia, and the field has not been re-woven. " "Shouxian Zhi" contains that "there are 347 surnames in Shouxian County, and most of the ancestors migrated in the early Ming Dynasty, and there are very few local ethnic groups." "Ying Shang Gu Jin" also said: "At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Red Scarf Army revolted between Shui Ying and Jianghuai, and the Yuan Army deployed repression and was wiped out by the iron hoof. Folklore: there are only seven families (seven families and one village) left in the west of the county after the robbery; There are only seven leaves in the north of the county (seven miles from Xieqiao); In the east of the county, there is only one person named Chen in the pond, and then Chen Jia is. " Thus, after nearly twenty years of war at the end of Yuan Dynasty, the population of Huainan area has been reduced to what extent.

In the first year of Hongwu (1368), in the face of the broken mountains and rivers, Zhu Yuanzhang issued "The Central Plains States, Yuan Zhen War, did all kinds of harm without any benefit, and piled up into mountains. With few residents, the so-called opening up land and increasing household registration are the top priority of the Central Plains. In order to promote production and increase taxes, it is necessary to emigrate from densely populated areas to sparsely populated areas. Haozhou was originally under the jurisdiction of Anfeng Road in Yuan Dynasty. Because it was the hometown of Zhu Yuanzhang, it was promoted to Lin Hao Prefecture in the early Ming Dynasty. Hongwu was designated as Zhongdu in two years and renamed Fengyang House in six years. In the seventh year, he toured Feng Ying Ying Si Daozhi Institute, and led five states (Yingzhou, Bozhou, Sizhou, Shouzhou and Suzhou) to govern thirteen counties (Linhuai, Huaiyuan, Dingyuan, Lingbi, Fuyang, Yingshang, Huoqiu and Suzhou). Zhu Yuanzhang determined the immigration policy, and his hometown Fengyang and its counties naturally became the key areas for immigrants. According to Ming Taizu and other records, Zhu Yuanzhang moved Suzhou Fumin to Haozhou in order to enrich his manpower after destroying Zhang Shicheng in 1367. In June of the third year of Hongwu (1370), 4,000 unemployed people moved to Jiangsu, Songjiang, Jiaxing, Huzhou and Hangzhou to settle in Lin Hao. It also moved to Suzhou, Songjiang, Jiaxing, Huzhou and Hangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River to enrich Fengyang 1.4 million households; In October of the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the proletarians who migrated to Shanxi and settled in calm (now Zhengding area of Hebei Province) settled in Fengyang; In April of the 22nd year of Hongwu (1389), the landless peasants in Hangzhou, Huzhou, Wenzhou, Taizhou, Suzhou and Songjiang were ordered to move to the south of Huaihe River to farm. For these immigrants who settled in the fields, the court gave scalpers, seeds and travel expenses, and exempted them from three years' salary.

However, there is no record of Shandong immigrants in the above materials. Where did Huainan immigrants come from?

Ying Shang said in ancient and modern times: "Ethnic survey-62 surnames are recorded in the main ethnic groups, of which 27 surnames are from Shandong, followed by Fujian, Jiangsu, Hubei and Huizhou in southern Anhui, and there are not many aborigines." According to the statistics of 16 surnames listed in Shouxian Records-Surnames, the surnames that migrated in the early Ming Dynasty were 1 1. 1 1 Among the surnames, 6 surnames moved from Shandong, 2 surnames moved from Henan, and 1 surnames moved from Huizhou, Hangzhou and Maoshiba in Jiangxi. For example, "Shouxian-Surname Records" records that during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Shouxian firewood migrated from Laoman Lane in Jining, Shandong Province; Wabu Xu, a native of Ma Lao Lane, Jining, Shandong; Li, a native of Old Lane, Jining, Shandong Province, moved to Shouxian County in the early Ming Dynasty. Sun Jia, Shouzhou, county number Le 'an and Hong Wuchu migrated from Laoguantang, Jining, Shandong; Yin, who lives in Laoshengtang, Jining District, Shandong Province; Han, whose ancestral home is in the south of Shandong, fled to the southeast of Shouzhou at the end of Yuan Dynasty to settle down. In addition, Zhang, Hu, Zhou, Chen, Men, Cai, Zhou in Bagongshan, Yin in Shiyuan, Lu in Fengtai and Wu in Yanling, Yingshang County all think that their ancestors migrated from Shandong and Shandong Lane. For example, Zhang Jia, a pioneer in Shouxian County, believes that this clan moved from Ma Lao Lane to Luo Zhang in Qinglian (the crossroads) and settled in the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty. (I don't know if "VII" was the mistake of Hongwu for seven years in the early Ming Dynasty. Huainan's "Cai's Genealogy" holds that its ancestors moved from Laoman Lane in Shandong Province in the early Ming Dynasty. The people of the Bao family in Shangyao said that their ancestors and their wives moved here from Laoman Lane in Jinan, Shandong Province in the early Ming Dynasty, bringing two baskets to their children. Shijiawan in Fengtai and Shi Jia in Shouxian believe that their ancestors moved to Yanzhou, Shandong. The Wu family in Yanling, Yingshang County believes that their ancestors moved from Laoman Lane in Shandong Province to Yingshang County in Yingzhou in 6 or 9 years of Ming Hongwu. ……

According to Su's elders, the Su family also circulated that their ancestors came from Shandong Lane (according to research, it should be Jining City, Shandong Province) and they came here with three sons. The first family lived in the old village of Sujia, and then the three brothers grew up and got married and developed in different places. The eldest son came to live in Yangcun now, and the second son went to Pan, which is dozens of kilometers away from here. Su Lao is Su's ancestral home, about a few kilometers away. The eldest son first settled in Laoguzui, which is near the north bank of He Fei River (now the south bank of Xifeihe River). The geographical position of Laoguzui is more than ten meters higher than other places on average, which is similar to a big hill, so some willows were slowly planted on it. Because there was no village name at that time, it was called after a long time. Later, due to the long history of Guxi Fei River, it has not been effectively treated, and the river gradually tends to be silted up. Before the Yellow River seized the Huaihe River and entered the sea, there were fewer disasters in the Xifeihe River basin. After the Yellow River seized the Huaihe River and entered the sea, it triggered river floods, which caused most of the river gullies to be silted up, the water system was destroyed, and the Guxi River was almost silted up. The current Xifeihe River was later excavated after moving several hundred meters to the north. As a result, the villagers of Liu Yang Village moved their village northward to the present north bank of Hebei. With the expansion of the village, the name of Liu Yang Village is too long, so it gradually becomes Yangcun. After several years of development, Yangcun has become a lively political, cultural, economic and transportation center.

Yang Cunji is a typical ancient town of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Huaibei Plain, which is equivalent to small and medium-sized towns now. It was a real ancient city at that time, but its prosperity was not lower than that of modern cities. Ma Rulong's busy scene can be seen everywhere in the market, and the cloth shoes embroidered with colorful silk threads have detailed patterns; Bamboo-woven fish baskets, tables, chairs and coffee tables are environmentally friendly and light; Jade flower hairpin, transparent, cheap but antique! There are many medicines in the street, selling divination, drinking old clothes, exploring, eating, shaving, drawing on paper, making music and so on. Living here all day, I don't feel dusk. There are high and low pavilions on both sides of the street, shops are constantly selling, smells are bursting, and people come and go in the cracks, which shows a lively and prosperous scene at that time. Although the road under your feet is neither asphalt nor cement, it is a flat and solid feldspar strip without dust. The prosperity and management order of this ancient town are not inferior to those of modern towns, although there are some shortcomings. The land here is fertile, and the whole village is self-sufficient with agriculture and industry and commerce as the mainstay.

In the Yangcun collection, there was a Su in the Qing Dynasty and a memorial arch after liberation. It is said that hundreds of people used to ride horses on the archway, but it was destroyed during the "four clean-ups". Su is the main surname of Yangcun market, because with the prosperity of Yangcun market, people from other provinces and other places flock to it. So far, there are more than 100 surnames. In that square garden, Su is the main surname of villages and towns, which shows that Su has a long history, simple folk customs and rich cultural resources. Historically, there was a village ditch around Yang Cunji, which was waterproof and burglarproof. The east and west roads lead to the outside of the collection, forming a fence, and there are fence doors on all sides, which have long since disappeared. Many trees have been planted in this ditch. The ditch is clear, the fish swim to the end, and the geese and ducks swim. There are fruit trees outside the village, trees in the village and birds singing together. Every family has a small farmhouse and a brick and straw house. Although there are no tall buildings, it is very happy and quiet. Most of the houses face south. Under the green trees on both sides of the road in front of the door, horses, cows, donkeys and sheep are resting leisurely, and chickens are pecking everywhere. When farming is busy, people drive cattle carts to pull livestock, or send fertilizers or harvest crops, or carry hoes to the ground, or pull weeds across baskets. Birds contend in the morning, smoke rises in the house at noon, chickens and dogs crow in front of the door, cicadas sing in the trees, buy buy buys a calf at night, calls back the cows, and people come back to clean up the yard and feed the animals and birds. After dinner, it began to be quiet. Dogs barked far away and whispered in close quarters. During the slack season, they go to the market to buy and sell, or weave at home, and several people get together to gamble. People are going to be busy all year round, not worrying about eating or drinking. This village is relatively full of quiet living atmosphere of small rural towns.

The collection in Guyang Village flourished until the 1980s. After the reform and opening up, the new Yangcun street was re-planned around Erli Road in the north of Yangcun, which turned a new page from some Yangcun collections. There is an ancient bridge in Yangcun section of Xifeihe River, which was blown up by Japanese planes during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. In the late 1990s, a new bridge was built with superior funds and local funds. With the development of social economy, Yangcun Town was changed to Yangcun Town on September 20 12.

Historically, Yangcun has been under the jurisdiction of Fengtai County and has never been separated. Therefore, the evolution of Yangcun history is also consistent with the evolution of Fengtai.

As early as 2000, Gong Yu belonged to two countries in Xu Yang.

The Zhou Dynasty belongs to the territory of Qingyang two states.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chu came to the country, which was the territory of Huaibei Chuzhou coming to the city. In the autumn and August of the second year of Zhou Jianwang (584 BC), Wu Laizhou, Zhou Jingwang came to Zhou in the seventh year (538 BC), Zhou Jingwang 16 years (529 BC), Wu Laizhou sealed Yanling, and then Zhou came to the city, so it was called Yanzhou, and in the twenty-seventh year (493 BC). During the Warring States Period, King Hui of Chu destroyed Cai, and the country of Cai Hou died, which still belonged to Chu.

During the Qin Dynasty, China was unified after the Qin Dynasty destroyed Chu, and Cai County was placed under the county system, and it belonged to Jiujiang County, Sishui County. In the Western Chu Dynasty, Xiang Yu established Jiujiang, and Cai Xia belonged to Jiujiang.

In the Han Dynasty and early Han Dynasty, Emperor Gao established Huainan in 202 BC, and Cai Xia belonged to Huainan. In the first year of Yuanshou (BC 128), Huainan Prefecture was abolished and Jiujiang County and Cai Xia Peijun were replaced. The later Han Dynasty belonged to Jiujiang County.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Huainan County of Wei State.

In the Jin Dynasty, Cai Xia belonged to Huainan County in Puchu, but Puhu was attacked by the north and south, which cut off the boundary between the county and Changyuan and set up many cities in the county. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Cai Xia belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Cai Xia County was established in the 19th year of Taihe (AD 485).

Cai Xia belongs to Ruyin County, which was abandoned in the early Sui Dynasty.

Wude was established in Wozhou County in the fourth year of Tang Dynasty (62 1), and was abolished in the eighth year (629 AD). Cai Xia was Ruyin County in Yingzhou (now Fuyang).

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Cai Xia belonged to Yingzhou (now Fuyang), Nantang and Houzhou. In March of the 4th year of Xiande in Zhou Shizong (AD 957), Kezhou (now Shouxian) was changed to Shouzhou. Sejong moved Shouzhou to Cai Xia one by one and restored the loyalty of his army. The original Shouzhou was Shouchun County (now Shouxian County).

In the Song Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty belonged to Huainan West Road. In the sixth year, Shouzhou Wenhe was promoted to the government, Shouchun government and Cai Xia government. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he was in the middle reaches of Huaihe River with Jin. The boundary is Shouzhou, Jinzhou, Shouchun is Shouzhou, and there are "North and South Shouzhou".

In Yuan Dynasty, Cai Xia County belonged to Anfeng Road.

In September of the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1369), Anfeng County of Shouchun County was abolished and merged into Shouzhou. Set up inspection department in Xiacaizhi Town.

In Qing Dynasty, Shouzhou belonged to Fengyang County. In Yongzheng 10 (A.D. 1732), two governors, Yin Jishan, obtained the approval of the Qing court, and established Shouzhou as a county and added a magistrate.

Membership system, the membership system in the history of the Congress, was named Fengtai County because there is Phoenix Mountain in the north of the county and it was included in Xinjiang. It was officially enfeoffed in Yongzheng 1 1 and was under the jurisdiction of Shouzhou (the county seat is located in the northeast corner of Jinshou County). In the winter of the second year of Tongzhi (AD 1863), the county moved to Cai Xia, and Cai Xia was renamed Fengtai, which was under the jurisdiction of Fengyang Prefecture.

In the Republic of China and the early Republic of China, it was abolished as the state capital and the county directly belonged to Anhui Province. In June of the third year of the Republic of China (A.D. 19 14), it belonged to Huaisi Road (Daoyin was stationed in Fengyang). In August of the Republic of China 17, the abandoned road was transferred to Zhili, Anhui. 200 1 year1month, belonging to the fourth administrative supervision area of Anhui province. In 27 years, it belonged to the seventh administrative supervision area of Anhui Province. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, he was attached to Huainan Commissioner's Office.

65438+65438 0949+ 12 In October, Fengtai County was liberated and transferred to Fuyang Commissioner's Office (1970 changed the district).

197765438+1October 20th, under the jurisdiction of Huainan city.

On September 4th, 20 12, with the consent of the provincial government, the Provincial Civil Affairs Department issued the "Reply on Agreeing to Cancel the Establishment System of Yangcun Town in Yangcun Township, Fengtai County". Fengtai County abolished Yangcun Township and established Yangcun Town, with the same area, population and affiliation, and the town government remained in Yangcun.