What do human resources ap and mp mean?

The average output is AP, and that of marginal product is MP.

Law of diminishing marginal productivity

Short-term production is actually an input whose output depends on a variable factor. When the input of variable factors changes, so does the output. When the variable labor input is increased to the constant other production factors, the initial increased labor input will increase the output; But when its increase exceeds a certain limit, the increased output begins to decrease. This is the law of diminishing marginal productivity of labor. With other factors of production unchanged, the output change caused by the increase of labor input can be divided into three stages:

The first stage: marginal product increment stage. The so-called marginal product refers to the increase of output caused by the increase of labor factor input in a unit. This is because at the beginning, the constant factors of production were not fully utilized, and the increasing labor input can make full use of the constant factors of production, thus increasing marginal products.

The second stage: marginal product decreasing stage. The reason for the decrease of marginal product is that the constant factors of production are nearly fully utilized, while the variable factors of labor tend to restrict the utilization of the constant factors of production.

The third stage: the total output is absolutely reduced. At this point, the fixed factors of production have been fully utilized and the potential has been exhausted. The fixed factors of production can no longer accommodate too many variable factors, and the combination ratio of the two has completely deteriorated. Increasing variable labor factors will only reduce production efficiency and total output.

From the relationship between total output and labor input, we can also get the concept of average output. Average output refers to the average output per unit of labor input.

Let the total output be Q, the variable labor factor input be L, the average output be AP, and the marginal output be MP, then:

Associated Press =Q/LMP=AQ/AL

In figure 1-4, the horizontal axis is labor income L, and the vertical axis is total output, average output and marginal products; The curves corresponding to the three yields are TP, MP and AP. From Figure 1-4, we can see the following features:

First, the three curves of TP, AP and MP all rise first and then fall. In the first stage, AP is increasing; In the second stage, MP drops; In the third stage, MP is negative.

Second, the intersection of AP and MP is the maximum value of AP. Before the two curves intersect, APMP.

Third, when MP=0, the total output reaches the maximum.

According to the relationship between total output, average output, marginal output and labor input shown in figure 1-4, we can clearly see the influence of labor input on output when production factors such as capital are fixed. In regional industries, the average output AP has been increasing, and the marginal product MP is greater than the average output AP. Therefore, the labor input should be increased to at least α point in order to maximize the average output. In area two,

The change range of labor input is α ~ B, and the average output and marginal output in this area decrease. However, the increase of labor input can still increase the total output, but the rate of increase is decreasing. At point B, marginal product is zero and the total output is the largest. In region III, the labor input is greater than point B, while the marginal output is negative, and the total output is absolutely decreasing.

Visible, in the case of fixed factors of production such as capital, the increase of labor input should be in the range of region II, that is, N ~ 6.