20 1 1_ _ year's special information on recruitment examination of Qingdao institutions (the situation in Qingdao)

Qingdao is located in the south of Shandong Peninsula, at 1 19? 30 ′~ 12 1? 00' north latitude, 35? 35 ′~37? 09', the east and south are near yellow.

Haidong is adjacent to Yantai in the north, Weifang in the west and Rizhao in the southwest. The total area of the city is 10654 square kilometers, of which the urban area

(South, North, Sifang, Licang, Laoshan, Chengyang and Huangdao) 1 102 square kilometers, covering Jiaozhou, Jimo, Pingdu and Jiaonan,

Lacey and other five cities have 9552 square kilometers.

natural environment

Geology and geomorphology Qingdao is a coastal hilly city, with high terrain in the east and low terrain in the west, rising on the north and south sides and low depression in the middle, in which the mountains account for about the total area of the city.

15.5% land, 25. 1% hills, 37.7% plains and 2 1.7% depressions. The coast of this city is divided into headland and bay, alternating with rocky coast and mountain harbor based on mountains.

There are three basic types: muddy coast and bedrock sandy coast. In shallow water, there are underwater shoals, modern underwater deltas and marine erosion plains.

Qingdao geotectonics is located in the northeast margin of Jiaonan Uplift and the south-central part of Jiaolai Depression, which is the secondary structural unit of Neocathaysia Uplift. administrative region

The whole Paleozoic strata and some Mesozoic strata are missing, but the volcanic rocks of Cretaceous Qingshan Formation are developed and widely exposed in this city. overhanging cliff

Magmatic rocks are mainly Yuejishan gneiss granite in Jiaonan period of Proterozoic and Ai Shan granodiorite and Laoshan granite in late Yanshanian period of Mesozoic.

The urban areas are all located on this granite, and the building foundation conditions are excellent. The structure in this area is mainly fault structure. Since the tertiary period, the area has been

The uplift of fault blocks with stable integrity is the main reason, and the increase range is generally small.

There are generally three mountain systems in a mountain city. In the southeast is the Laoshan Mountains, with steep terrain, and the main peak is 1 132.7 meters above sea level. From Mrding to the west to the north.

Qingdao city. In the north is Daze Mountain (736.7 meters above sea level, all the mountains in Pingdu and some peaks in Laixi belong to it). In the south is Dazhu Mountain (elevation 486.4).

Meters), Zhu Xiaoshan (724.9 meters above sea level) and Tiecha Mountain (595.6438+0 meters above sea level). There are floating mountains (384 meters above sea level) in the urban area.

Taiping Mountain (elevation 150m), Qingdao Mountain (elevation 128.5m), Signal Mountain (elevation 99m), Fulongshan Mountain (elevation 86m) and Reservoir Mountain (elevation 80.6).

M) wait.

Rivers There are 224 rivers in the city, all of which are rain sources in the monsoon region, and most of them are small rivers that enter the sea independently. Drainage area 100 m2.

There are 33 large rivers with a square kilometer or more, which are divided into three major water systems: Dagu River, Beijiaolai River and Coastal River.

Dagu River system includes main stream and tributaries, and the main tributaries are Xiaogu River, Guwu River, Liuhao River and Nanjiaolai River. Dagu River is the largest river in this city.

This river, which originated from Fushan Mountain in Zhaoyuan City, flows into Qingdao from north to south, passes through Laixi, Pingdu, Jimo, Jiaozhou and Chengyang, and enters South Wharf Village in Jiaozhou.

Sea. The total length of the main stream is 179.9 km, and the drainage area is 61310.3 square km (including the south Jiaolai river basin 1500 square km), which is the largest water area in Jiaodong Peninsula.

Department. The average annual runoff of Dagu River is 66 1 100 million cubic meters. Before the 1970s, the runoff of this river was seasonal, and the summer floods soared.

There is water all year round; At the end of 1970s, except in flood season, the middle and lower reaches were cut off.

The Beijiaolai River system includes the main stream and its tributaries. The main tributaries of Qingdao are Zehe River, Wanglonghe River, Xianhe River and Baisha River.

Total drainage area 19 14.0 square kilometers. Beijiaolai River originates from the northern foot of the watershed in Yaojia Village, Wanjia Town, pingdu city, and is located at the junction of pingdu city and Changyi City.

Go, leave the country in Damiaojia Village, xinhe town City, pingdu city, and flow into Laizhou Bay. The total length of the main stream is100km, and the drainage area is 3,978.6km2.. This river has been here for many years.

The average runoff is 253 million cubic meters, and the average sediment concentration for many years is 0.24 kg/cubic meter.

Coastal rivers refer to rivers that enter the sea alone, such as Baisha River, Moshui River, Zhuanghe River, Baima River, Weihe River, Zhoutuan River and Yanghe River.

River, etc.

The total length of the city's coastline (including the island coastline) is 862.64 kilometers, of which the mainland coastline is 730.64 kilometers, accounting for the proportion of the coastline of Shandong Province.

Top 1/4。 The coastline is tortuous, with headlands and bays alternating, covering an area of more than 0.5 square kilometers. From north to south, there are T-shaped Bay, Wandering Bay and Saltwater Bay in turn.

(also known as Hengmen Bay), Laoshan Bay (also known as Beiwan), Xiaodao Bay, Wanggezhuang Bay, Qingshan Bay, Yaodao Bay, Taiqing Gongkou, Liu Qinghe Bay, Laoshan Bay,

Shazikou Bay, Maidao Bay, Fushan Bay, Taiping Bay, Huiquan Bay, Qianwan (also known as Zhanqiao Bay), Jiaozhou Bay, Tangdao Bay, Lingshan Bay and Li Gen Bay.

Valley mouth, Zhaitang Bay, dongjiakou Bay, Guanmu Island Bay, etc. Jiaozhou Bay includes Haixi Bay (including Xiaoshawan and Daowan), Huangdao Qianwan and Yin.

32 bays, including Island Bay, Nvgukou and Cangkou Bay.

Qingdao has 70 primitive islands. 1987, Zhaitang Qiandao and Zhaitang Houdao were artificially connected as Zhaitang Island. There are 69 islands. Among them,

Little Qingdao, Xiaomai Island, Tuandao, Tuandao North, Huangdao and Jidao are artificial land-connected islands, and only 63 islands are surrounded by the sea. The total area of 69 islands is

2 1.2 square kilometers, and the total length of coastline 132 kilometers. Most of these islands are less than 20 kilometers away from the mainland, and the farthest Qianliyan Island is away from the land.

About 64 kilometers. Of these 69 islands, only 10 has permanent residents.

Tidal Qingdao is a regular semi-diurnal tidal port, with two high tides and two low tides every lunar day (24: 48). Tidal range 1.9 ~ 3.5m, which is relatively large.

Tidal range occurs 2-3 days after the new moon or moon (first quarter moon or second quarter moon). The tidal level in August is generally 0.5m higher than that in June 5438+ 10. Qingdao tide station 1950 ~

The average tidal level observed at 1956 was named as "the average sea level in the Yellow Sea", and its height was 72.289 meters lower than the origin of the national level in Guanxiangshan, Qingdao. middle

Starting from 1957, the landform elevation of Chinese mainland is calculated from this zero point.

Climate Qingdao is located in the north temperate monsoon region, which belongs to the temperate monsoon climate. Due to the direct adjustment of the marine environment, the urban area is influenced by the east of the ocean.

Due to the influence of southern monsoon, ocean current and water mass, it has obvious maritime climate characteristics. The air is humid, the rainfall is abundant, the temperature is moderate, and the four seasons are distinct.

Ming. The temperature rises slowly in spring, which is later than inland 1 month. Summer is hot and humid and rainy, but there is no heating; The weather in autumn is refreshing, with less precipitation and strong evaporation; winter

The wind is strong and the temperature is low, which lasts for a long time. According to the meteorological data of more than a hundred years since 1898, the annual average temperature in urban areas is 12.7℃, and the extreme high temperature is 38.9.

℃ (July/KOOC-0/5th, 2002), extremely low temperature-/KOOC-0/6.9℃ (/KOOC-0/93/KOOC-0/year/KOOC-0/month/KOOC-0/0th). August is the hottest, with an average temperature of 25.3℃. 65438+ October

The coldest, with an average temperature of -0.5℃. The number of days when the daily maximum temperature is higher than 30℃ is 1 1.4 days; The number of days when the daily minimum temperature is below -5℃, with an annual average.

All 22 days. The average annual precipitation is 662. 1mm, and the rainfall in spring, summer, autumn and winter accounts for 17%, 57% and 2 1% of the annual precipitation respectively.

5%。 The maximum annual precipitation is1272.7 mm (191year), and the minimum is only 308.2mm (198 1 year), and the annual variation rate of precipitation is 62%. Annual average decline

Snow days are only 10 days. The annual average air pressure is 1008.6 mbar. The annual average wind speed is 5.2m/s, and the dominant wind direction is southeast wind. Annual average stage

The relative humidity is 73%, and the highest in July is 89%. The lowest is 65438+68% in February. There are many and frequent sea fogs in Qingdao, with an average annual fog of 5 1.3 days and light fog.

108.2 days.

According to the land classification system of the second national soil survey, Qingdao's soils mainly include brown soil, Jiang Sha black soil, fluvo-aquic soil, cinnamon soil and saline soil.

Five soil types.

Brown soil covers an area of 493,700 hectares, accounting for 59.8% of the total soil area. It is the most widely distributed and largest soil type in the city.

In mountainous hills and piedmont plains, the degree of soil development is influenced by topography, and it is divided into brown soil, brown soil and moist brown soil from high to low.

Brown soil is a soil genus, which is mostly used in forestry and animal husbandry because of its high terrain, large slope, thin soil layer, heavy erosion and low fertility. Brown soil and moist brown soil are

Planting soil of main grain cash crops in Qingdao.

The area of black soil in Jiang Sha is176,900 hectares, accounting for 0.42% of the total soil area. Mainly distributed in the south of Laixi, southwest of Pingdu and northwest of Jimo.

Department, shallow depression in northern JIAOZHOU. This kind of soil has deep soil layer, sticky soil, light to heavy topsoil, poor physical properties and humid and hot conditions.

Lack of coordination and low available nutrients.

The fluvo-aquic soil area is 144900 hectares, accounting for 17.55% of the total soil area. Mainly distributed in the lower reaches of Dagu River, Guwu River and Jiaolai River.

Land. Because it is far from the river, the soil texture and soil configuration are quite different. Coastal areas are often affected by sea salt to form salinized fluvo-aquic soil, and soil fertility decreases.

And the use direction is quite different.

The cinnamon soil covers an area of 6333.33 hectares, accounting for 0.77% of the total soil area. Sporadic distribution in Pingdu, Laixi, Jiaonan limestone residual hills in the upper part.

Saline soil covers an area of 3666.67 hectares, accounting for 0.44% of the total soil area, which is distributed in coastal lowlands and coastal beaches.

The development of history

Qingdao was formerly known as Jiaoao, 189 1 year (the 17th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty), and the Qing government stationed troops and set up offices here, which became the beginning of Qingdao's establishment. 1897,

Germany used the "Juye religious plan" as an excuse to send troops to occupy Jiaoao. 19 14 After the outbreak of World War I, Japan replaced Germany in its military operations in Jiaoao.

Colonial rule. 19 19, the famous may 4th movement was triggered due to Qingdao's sovereignty issue, which forced Japan to sign with China government in 1922.

Signed the Shandong Cold Case Treaty. In the same year, China recovered Jiaoao directly under the Beiyang government. 1929, Nanjing National Government took over Jiaoao Commercial Port.

In July of the same year, Qingdao Special City was established and 1930 was renamed Qingdao City. 1938, Japan invaded Qingdao again. 1945, the Kuomintang government was in the United States.

With the support of Qingdao, it is still a special city. 1June 2, 949, Qingdao was liberated and changed to a municipality under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province. 198 1, listed in Qingdao as a whole.

One of the national 15 economic center cities; 1984 was listed as one of the 14 coastal port cities that were further opened to the outside world; 1986,

The State Council officially approved Qingdao to be listed separately in the national plan, giving it considerable provincial economic management authority; 1994 was listed as 15 in China.

One of the sub-provincial cities.

topography

Qingdao is a coastal hilly city, with high terrain in the east and low terrain in the west, rising on the north and south sides and low depression in the middle, in which the mountains account for about 15.5% of the city's total area.

Hills account for 25. 1%, plains account for 37.7%, and depressions account for 2 1.7%. The coast of the city is divided into headland rock coast and hill port silt sand coast.

And bedrock sandy coast. There are underwater shoals, modern underwater deltas and marine erosion plains at the bottom of shallow sea. Generally there are

Three mountain systems. The southeast is the Laoshan Mountains, with steep terrain. The elevation of the main peak is1132.7m, starting from Mrding in the west and reaching Qingdao in the north. The north is very big.

Zeshan, in the south, is the Jiaonan Mountain Group composed of Dazhushan, Xiaozhushan and Tiecha Mountain. The mountains in the urban area are Fushan Mountain, Taiping Mountain, Qingdao Mountain and Signal Mountain.

Fulongshan, Shuishushan, etc. There are 224 rivers in the city, all of which are rain sources in the monsoon region, and most of them are independent streams entering the sea. Watershed surface

There are 33 large and small rivers with an area of 100 square kilometers, which are divided into three major water systems: Dagu River, Beijiaolai River and coastal area. accomplish

The total length of the city's coastline (including the island's coastline) is 862.64 kilometers, of which the mainland coastline is 730.64 kilometers, accounting for 1/4 of the coastline of Shandong Province.

administrative division

Great changes have taken place in the administrative divisions of Qingdao since the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1949 ends in Shinan District, Shibei District, Taixi District, Taidong District, Sicang District and Licun.

District, Fushan District. 1951June, the Laoshan office of JIAOZHOU Special Zone was placed under the leadership of Qingdao and renamed as Laoshan Suburb Office; In August, the four warehouses were cancelled.

District, Fushan District, sifang district and Cangkou District were established. On June 1953, the Laoshan Suburb Office was renamed the Laoshan Suburb People's Government. At the end of 1958,

Jiaoxian County, Jiaonan County in Changwei Special Zone and Jimo County in Laiyang Special Zone all belong to Qingdao. 1961may, Jimo, Jiaonan and Jiaoxian were put on hold; 10 month,

Laoshan county was established in the former administrative area of Laoshan suburb, which was under the jurisdiction of Qingdao. 1962 12, Taixi District was abolished, and the jurisdiction was merged into Shinan and Municipal respectively.

North district. 1978165438+10, Jimo county in Yantai area, Jiaoxian county in Changwei area and Jiaonan county were placed in Qingdao; The newly establish Huangdao district of Qingdao,

Its jurisdiction includes Huangdao, Xuejiadao and Xin 'an communes designated by Jiaonan County. 1983 August, Laixi County, Yantai District and Weifang District

Pingdu County belongs to Qingdao. 1April, 987, Jiaoxian was abolished and jiaozhou city (county level) was established; 1988165438+10. In October, Laoshan County was abolished and Laoshan District was established. 1989

In July 2006, Pingdu County and Jimo County were abolished, and pingdu city (county level) and jimo city (county level) were established; 1990 12, Jiaonan County and Laixi County were abolished and established.

Jiaonan City (county level) and Laixi City (county level). 1994 major adjustment of urban administrative divisions in the first half of the year. On the premise that the total number of municipal districts remains unchanged,

Merge Taitung District, Shibei District, sifang district Wujiacun Sub-district Office and Cuobuling Sub-district Office to form a new Shibei District; Jianglaoshan district

Major adjustments were made, including the establishment of new Laoshan District, Chengyang District and Licang District by merging with Cangkou District. This city management organization

After the zoning adjustment, the district-level organizational system is divided into seven districts: Shinan, Shibei, Sifang, Licang, Laoshan, Chengyang and Huangdao. At the end of 2003, it administered the above seven districts.

And five cities (counties) such as Jimo, Jiaozhou, Jiaonan, Pingdu and Laixi.

Population and nationality

Qingdao has seven districts, namely, the south, the north, Sifang, Licang, Laoshan, Huangdao and Chengyang, and five cities, namely Jimo, Jiaozhou, Jiaonan, Pingdu and Laixi.

The total area is 10654 square kilometers, and the total registered population of the city is 7,629,200. In addition to the Han nationality, there are more than 50 ethnic minorities such as Manchu, Hui and North Korea.

Family, more than 39,600 people. The municipal party committee and municipal government are located in Shinan District.

economic development

According to preliminary accounting, the city's GDP reached 489.033 billion yuan in 2009, an increase of 12.2% over the previous year at comparable prices.

The proportion of the three industries was adjusted from 5. 1: 50.8: 44. 1 in the previous year to 4.7: 50. 1: 45.2. In 2009, the city's total fiscal revenue reached 1463.6.

100 million yuan, an increase of16.9%; The general budget revenue of local finance was 37.7 billion yuan, an increase of10.1%; The general budget expenditure of local finance was 43.36 billion yuan,

Growth 17.4%. The tax revenue maintained a steady growth, and the tax revenue (including customs collection) organized by the national tax system was 792 1 billion yuan, an increase of11.0%;

Local tax revenue was 22.399 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. Grain production increased, and the city's grain planting area was 529,200 hectares, an increase of 3.6%.

The total output reached 3539 1 10,000 tons, up 6. 1% year-on-year. At the end of 2009, the actual cultivated land area in the city was 410.87 million hectares, an increase of 0.2%. urban size

The added value of the above industries was 23381300 million yuan, an increase of 14.9%. The city's investment in fixed assets above designated size was 245.89 billion yuan, an increase of 25.3%. Qingdao

The total import and export volume of various regions (including central and provincial companies) was US$ 4,485,438+0 billion, down by 65.438+06.4%. Year-end balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions

650.454 billion yuan, an increase of16194.6 billion yuan over the beginning of the year; The balance of RMB deposits was 6.3 million yuan/kloc-0.98 million yuan, an increase of/kloc-0.57787 million yuan over the beginning of the year.

The balance of local and foreign currency loans of financial institutions was 526.858 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+020.553 billion yuan over the beginning of the year; The balance of RMB loans was 487.353 billion yuan, a decrease from the previous year.

At the beginning of the year, it increased by1129.76 million yuan.

sports hygiene

Sports have developed rapidly. Successfully held some projects of the 11th National Games, and was awarded the title of Best Division of the 11th National Games by the 11th National Games Organizing Committee.

Athletes in the city won 233 gold medals, silver medals 166.5 and bronze medals 180 in various competitions. * * * Break the national record with 1 The whole city of * * *

There are 6 professional sports teams, 7 key sports schools with students 1858 and 2 professional sports schools 12. Mass sports and sports industry have made great progress.

The medical and health service system has been continuously improved. At the end of the year, there were 20 health institutions (including clinics) in the city, including 252 hospitals and health centers.

There are 24 epidemic prevention institutions, maternal and child health care institutions 12, outpatient departments (institutes), health centers and clinics 1577. All kinds of health technicians at the end of the year

48,000 people, including doctors 1.670. The city has 32,800 medical beds, including 26,600 hospital beds, hospitals and communities.

There are 6,200 beds in health service institutions.

Science and technology education

Science and technology have further developed. In 2009, the city's high-tech industry achieved an output value of 442.753 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.8%, accounting for a large scale.

The proportion of total industrial output value reached 46.565438 0%; City-wide research and development. D investment is expected to reach 654.38+005 billion yuan, accounting for 2.654.38+0% of GDP; Annual struggle

National science and technology funds support 775 million yuan; There were 8,754 patent applications in the city, up 4.6% year-on-year, and 4,432 patents were authorized, including inventions.

2 197 applications and 552 authorizations, up 6. 1% and 36.6% respectively; Won 7 national science and technology awards, including the first prize of national technological invention 1.

Item, the first prize of national science and technology progress 1 item, the second prize of national science and technology progress 5 items, and the provincial science and technology award 88 items. Education has developed steadily.

Culture and art

Coordinated development of culture, publishing, radio and television. There are 458 cultural institutions in the city. There are 33 theaters and 82 cultural centers (stations)/kloc-0.

There are 8 museums, 13 public libraries, 12 art performance groups, 1 radio stations, 12 programs, 1 TV stations and 15 festivals.

Purpose, that numb of cable TV users in the city reach 2.425 million, and the number of digital TV users reached 65.438+595,000. The city published 2 1.25 million copies of various magazines.

659.5 million newspapers. There are 13 archives in the city.

infrastructure

Infrastructure construction has been continuously improved. The highway mileage reaches 16223.9 kilometers, of which the expressway and the first-class highway reach 702.6 kilometers respectively.

Km and 1000 km, continue to maintain the first place in the province and the country's fifteen sub-provincial cities. New progress has been made in port construction, with the city's tonnage exceeding 10,000 tons.

There are 66 berths, with port throughput, foreign trade throughput and container throughput of 320 million tons, 220 million tons and10.28 million TEUs respectively, ranking first in the country.

China ranks fifth, third and fifth. Air transport capacity has been continuously improved. In 2009, the air passenger and cargo throughput was 9.66 million passengers.

Second,135,400 tons, up 17.8% and 3.75% year-on-year. The post and telecommunications industry has developed rapidly.

tourist resources

Qingdao is surrounded by mountains and seas, with beautiful scenery, warm winter and cool summer, and pleasant climate. Is a national historical and cultural city, the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China, the first.

Approved the national civilized city and the host city of the 2008 Olympic sailing competition. Old City with "Red Tiles and Green Trees, Blue Sea and Blue Sky" and Oriental Modernization

The new urban areas complement each other. The coastal pedestrian walkway running through the east and west of the city will connect the trestle bridge, Little Qingdao, Xiaoyu Mountain, Underwater World, No.1 Beach and No.8 Beach.

Daguan Scenic Area, May 4th Square, Olympic Sailing Center, Hai Yin Yacht Club, Polar Ocean World, Shilaoren Beach and other major tourist attractions.

Together, it becomes a unique coastal landscape corridor. Pichai Yuan, Zhongshan Road, Tsingtao Brewery Museum, the former site of German Governor's Mansion in the old city.

Pavilion, Red Hotel and German Style Street are all tourist attractions. There are national Laoshan scenic spots and seaside scenic spots in Qingdao.

In the area, the Badaguan complex is known as the "World Architecture Expo". The suburbs of Qingdao are rich in natural ecological landscape, cultural landscape and historical sites.

The historic site Langya Taiwan, the ancient platform to watch the moon, Longwan Canglang, Qin Shihuang crossed the east three times and forgot to return, and Xu Fudong crossed Japan and set sail from then on; West of Tian Heng Island.

The collective martyrdom of 500 righteous men in the Han Dynasty was full of intense emotions. There is also a cliff on Tianzhu Mountain, which is a national key cultural relics protection unit and is known as the treasure of stone carving.

Stone carvings, Mashan Stone Forest in national nature reserves, Qi Great Wall ruins in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In recent years, Qingdao has also developed and built a number of new scenic spots.

Such as Tianmucheng Street, Phoenix Island Tourist Resort, Tangdaowan Seaside Park, Development Zone Wildlife World, Zhushan National Forest Park, and Jiaonan Langyatai.

Scenic spots, Jimo Hot Spring Resort, Chengyang Baolong Square, International Arts and Crafts City, etc. In addition, Qingdao's convention and exhibition industry is developed, with China International every year.

Consumer Electronics Show, China International Fisheries Expo, Qingdao International Fashion Week and Asia-Pacific Tourism Expo have developed into internationally renowned exhibitions.

In 2009, * * * received 40.0347 million domestic and foreign tourists, and the total tourism revenue reached 489.4380+0 billion yuan.