The reasons for the formation of tundra vegetation in the Altai Mountains

Tundra develops in both the high mountains on the edge of the plateau and the plateau itself. It is a unique continental tundra zone in the mid-latitudes of the world. On the basis of dividing alpine tundra and mountain tundra, mountain tundra is further divided into wetland tundra and meadow. The four categories of tundra, grassland tundra and desert tundra enrich the global tundra structure and clarify that the Tibetan Plateau has both the uniqueness of the regional environment and the unity of adapting to global zonal laws, making the positioning of the plateau's natural zones more accurate and beneficial. To improve the vertical zone theory of plateau environment.

Alpine tundra

Alpine tundra is located in the middle and upper part of volcanic cones above 2,000 meters above sea level. The main rock is trachyte of various colors, and the surface is covered with thick volcanic ash, volcanic gravel, pumice, etc. The terrain is mostly gentle ridges and sheep-tail ditches distributed in a radial pattern. This zone has a cold climate, high humidity, and rainfall almost every day. It is also the area with the strongest winds and the most windy days in Jilin Province. Due to the harsh climate and barren soil, the distribution of plants gradually becomes sparse from bottom to top, and the types gradually decrease. The tall trees have disappeared, leaving only dwarf shrubs, perennial herbs, lichens, mosses, etc., forming a vast carpet-like tundra.

The plants in the alpine tundra zone have special life forms. The plants are low, mainly creeping small shrubs with well-developed root systems and cushion-shaped perennial herbaceous plants. They have a short growth period and concentrated flowering, and are adapted to strong winds and strong sunlight in the mountains. This band plant has large inflorescences and large, brightly colored flowers. Every year in June and July, hundreds of flowers bloom on the tundra, colorful and dazzling, like a beautiful natural garden.