How to do a good job in specialized prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests

How to do a good job in specialized prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests

First, establish and improve the green prevention and control system platform for plant diseases and insect pests.

Improve the national monitoring and early warning network for major pests and diseases, the prevention and control command and dispatch network and the quarantine supervision network. The state focuses on strengthening the construction of regional monitoring stations for cross-border and cross-regional migratory, epidemic and quarantine pests and diseases. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government should strengthen the construction of local pest monitoring sites according to local conditions, establish county-level standard observation sites and township observation sites, and increase the density of monitoring sites for key crops, major pests and diseases and key epidemic areas. Make full use of the Internet of Things, global positioning system, geographic information system, radar remote sensing monitoring and other modern information means, accelerate the construction of national and provincial crop pest monitoring and early warning information systems, pest diagnosis and control command systems, quarantine approval and epidemic traceability systems, and comprehensively improve the informationization level of major pest monitoring and early warning, prevention and control command and quarantine supervision.

The second is to strengthen the ability to prevent and control major pests and diseases.

Establish and improve the command system for emergency prevention and control of major pests and diseases at or above the county level, strengthen the construction of emergency prevention and control facilities and equipment in key areas, improve the emergency plan for major pests and diseases, and strengthen classified management. Efforts should be made to strengthen regional joint prevention and control of cross-regional migratory epidemic diseases and insect pests such as rice planthopper, rice leaf roller and wheat stripe rust, and promote source control and unified prevention and control; Efforts will be made to strengthen the emergency prevention and control of explosive and sudden pests such as locusts, meadow moths and armyworms, establish a number of efficient emergency prevention and control teams, do emergency prevention and control drills, and enhance the ability to respond to sudden disasters; Efforts should be made to strengthen the guidance on the prevention and control of multiple major pests and diseases such as wheat scab, rice blast, wheat midge and rat damage in agricultural areas, and improve the ability of unified prevention and control; Efforts will be made to strengthen the construction of major plant epidemic interception areas and non-epidemic areas, improve the compensation mechanism for epidemic release and extermination, and enhance the ability to intercept and prevent major epidemics.

Third, strengthen the law enforcement supervision of the green prevention and control system of plant diseases and insect pests.

Strict introduction of seedling quarantine examination and approval management, the establishment of origin quarantine and transportation quarantine traceability system, strengthen the quarantine measures of key seedling breeding bases. Strict quarantine management of key links such as seed breeding enterprises, seed wholesale markets and large sales households. Establish a joint law enforcement and inspection linkage mechanism to effectively prevent the spread of plant epidemics. Strengthen the management of plant quarantine officers, strict examination, assessment, access and exit system, standardize the certification, dress management and law enforcement behavior of plant protection and phytosanitary law enforcement team. Strengthen pesticide supervision and management, strengthen pesticide quality monitoring, risk assessment and use guidance, and severely crack down on illegal activities such as counterfeit and shoddy pesticides.

Fourth, strengthen the scientific and technological innovation of the green prevention and control system of plant diseases and insect pests.

Strengthen scientific and technological innovation and team building of plant protection, closely cooperate with Industry-University-Research in agricultural education, and strengthen basic and applied research on the occurrence law of pests and diseases, monitoring and early warning, and comprehensive management; Strengthen the construction of regional comprehensive prevention and control laboratories and field observation stations for major crop pests and diseases, vigorously develop high-tech technologies such as plant vaccines, molecular diagnosis of pests and diseases, insect-resistant varieties, aviation plant protection, and application of the Internet of Things, and focus on solving basic, cutting-edge and practical technical problems of plant protection. Accelerate the transformation and application of plant protection scientific and technological achievements, and encourage experts from scientific research and teaching units to go deep into the grassroots to carry out demonstration and promotion of new plant protection technologies. Strengthen the integrated application of key practical technologies such as biological control, ecological control, physical control and chemical control of pests and diseases, do a good job in the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy and the matching of excellent varieties, strengthen scientific drug guidance and drug resistance monitoring and evaluation, vigorously promote green plant protection technology, and comprehensively improve the utilization rate of pesticides and the level of scientific prevention and control of pests and diseases.

Five, strengthen the prevention and control system of green plant diseases and insect pests and the construction of public service team.

Establish and improve the public service system of plant protection at or above the county level, strengthen the public welfare attributes and public service functions of plant protection institutions, and strengthen the construction of professional talent teams such as pest monitoring and early warning, comprehensive prevention and control, plant quarantine and pesticide application guidance. Vigorously cultivate practical talents for grass-roots plant protection. In principle, county-level plant protection institutions shall have no less than 1 plant protection professionals per 65,438+10,000 mu of crops, and appropriately increase plant protection personnel in areas with complex environment or frequent pests and diseases; In principle, the number of key agricultural towns shall not be less than 1 plant protection staff, and gradually establish a team of village-level farmers' plant protection staff to strengthen vocational skills training. Deepen the reform of the employment system for plant protection, adopt open recruitment, competition for posts, merit-based employment and other methods, select professional and technical personnel with real talents to join the service team of plant protection companies, and ensure that the proportion of plant protection professionals at or above the county level is not less than 80%. Efforts will be made to cultivate plant protection scientific research talents, law enforcement management talents, foreign exchange talents and popularization and application talents, and continuously improve the overall quality of the plant protection team.

Six, vigorously support the development of green prevention and control system of plant diseases and insect pests socialized service organizations.

Accelerate the cultivation of diversified and standardized professional service organizations for plant protection, and encourage and support scientific research units, educational institutions, farmers' cooperatives, agriculture-related enterprises and grass-roots agricultural technology organizations to carry out socialized services for plant protection. We will improve the subsidy mechanism for pest control, actively explore ways for the government to purchase pest control services, promote service models such as combination of technology and materials and whole-process contract control, and give priority to supporting specialized and unified prevention and control in major grain producing areas, advantageous areas for cash crops and major pest sources. Establish professional unified prevention and control service filing system, effect evaluation system and supervision and management system, promote professional prevention and control workers to hold posts with certificates, standardize services, strengthen pest information services and guidance, guide the sustainable and healthy development of plant protection professional service organizations, and effectively improve the level of socialized plant protection services.

Seven, focus on improving the material and equipment conditions of the green prevention and control system of plant diseases and insect pests.

Continue to implement plant protection projects, strengthen the construction of facilities for monitoring and controlling major pests, improve the construction of county-level pest monitoring sites, and build a number of national regional emergency prevention and control centers and aviation operation stations in key passages where migratory epidemic pests occur. Equipped with instruments and equipment such as pest investigation and monitoring, information transmission, inspection and quarantine, prevention and control; Vigorously improve the working conditions for the prevention and control of major pests and diseases, equip large and medium-sized high-efficiency plant protection machinery according to local conditions, and encourage the development of drones, helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft to prevent and control pests and diseases in areas where conditions permit. Accelerate the research and development of new preparations, new dosage forms and new devices with high efficiency and environmental protection. Actively support the development of special products for pest monitoring and prevention, promote the industrialization of green plant protection products such as natural enemies of pests, biological agents, high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides, continuously enrich the material base of plant protection, improve the means of disaster prevention and mitigation, and improve the level of modern plant protection materials and equipment.

Eight, vigorously carry out green plant diseases and insect pests prevention and control system skills training.

Establish and improve the grading training system for plant protection service personnel at all levels. On-the-job managers and professional and technical personnel of plant protection service institutions at or above the county level shall be trained in rotation once every five years; Township plant protection workers and village-level farmers plant protection workers should be trained at least once in each construction period. The training of the personnel of provincial plant protection institutions and the principal responsible persons of municipal plant protection institutions shall be organized and implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture, and the training of other personnel shall be organized and implemented by local agricultural administrative departments at all levels or plant protection institutions. Actively organize farmers' field school training activities for integrated pest control, strengthen the training of professionals specializing in integrated pest control, and effectively improve the service ability of plant protection practitioners and the popularization rate of new technology application.