Technical performance of automated three-dimensional warehouse

The design of each automated three-dimensional warehouse is divided into several main stages, and each stage has its own goals to achieve.

(1) Preparatory work before design

1. It is necessary to understand the on-site conditions for building a warehouse, including meteorology, topography, geological conditions, ground bearing capacity, wind and snow loads, earthquake conditions and other environmental influences.

2． In the overall design of automated three-dimensional warehouses, multiple disciplines such as machinery, structure, electrical, and civil engineering overlap and restrict each other. This requires third-party logistics companies to consider the needs of each discipline when designing. For example, the movement accuracy of machinery should be selected based on the accuracy of structural fabrication and the settlement accuracy of civil engineering.

3. It is necessary to formulate third-party logistics companies' investment and staffing plans for warehousing systems to determine the scale and degree of mechanization and automation of the warehousing system.

4. It is necessary to investigate and understand other conditions related to the warehousing system of the third-party logistics company, such as the source of the goods, the traffic conditions connecting the warehouse, the packaging of the goods, the method of transporting the goods, the final destination of the goods and the means of transportation, etc. .

(2) Selection and planning of warehouses

The selection and layout of warehouses are of great significance to the infrastructure investment, logistics costs, labor conditions, etc. of the warehousing system. Considering urban planning and the overall operation of third-party logistics companies, it is best to choose an automated three-dimensional warehouse close to transportation hubs such as ports, docks, and freight stations, or close to production areas or raw material origins, or close to major sales markets. This can greatly Reduce costs for third-party logistics companies. Whether the location of the warehouse is reasonable will also have a certain impact on environmental protection, urban planning, etc. For example, if you choose to build an automated three-dimensional warehouse in a commercial area subject to traffic restrictions, on the one hand it will not be in harmony with the bustling business environment, and on the other hand you will have to pay a high price to purchase land. The most important thing is that due to traffic restrictions, goods can only be delivered in the middle of the night every day, which is obviously extremely unreasonable.

(3) Determine the warehouse form, operation methods and mechanical equipment parameters

The form of the warehouse needs to be determined based on the investigation of the types of goods entering the warehouse. Generally, unit cargo format warehouses are used. If the types of goods stored are single or small, and the batches of goods are large, gravity racks or other forms of through-type warehouses can be used. Determine whether stacking and picking operations are required based on the process requirements for incoming and outgoing warehouses (whole unit or scattered incoming and outgoing warehouses). If picking operations are required, determine the method of picking operations.

There is another operating method that is often used in automated three-dimensional warehouses. This is the so-called free cargo space method, that is, goods can be put into the warehouse nearby, especially for goods that are frequently in and out of the warehouse and are overlong and overweight. , you should try to work as close to the arrival and delivery locations as possible. This can not only shorten the time of entering and exiting the warehouse, but also save transportation costs.

There are many types of mechanical equipment used in automated three-dimensional warehouses, generally including lane stackers, continuous conveyors, high-rise shelves, and automatic guided vehicles with a high degree of automation. When carrying out the overall design of the warehouse, the most suitable mechanical equipment should be selected based on the scale of the warehouse, the variety of goods, the frequency of entry and exit, etc., and the main parameters of these equipment should be determined.

(4) Determine the form and specification of the cargo unit

Since the premise of the automated three-dimensional warehouse is unitized handling, it is very important to determine the form, size and weight of the cargo unit. question. It will affect the investment in warehouses by third-party logistics companies, and will also affect the equipment and facilities of the entire warehousing system. Therefore, in order to reasonably determine the form, size and weight of the cargo unit, all possible cargo unit forms and specifications should be listed based on the results of surveys and statistics, and a reasonable selection should be made. For those goods with special shapes and sizes or that are very heavy, they can be handled individually.

(5) Determine the warehouse capacity (including buffer area)

Warehouse capacity refers to the number of units of goods that the warehouse can accommodate at the same time, which is a very important factor for automated three-dimensional warehouses. important parameters. Since the inventory cycle is affected by many unexpected factors, the peak value of the inventory sometimes greatly exceeds the actual storage capacity of the automated three-dimensional warehouse. In addition, some automated three-dimensional warehouses only consider the capacity of the shelf area, but ignore the area of ??the buffer area. As a result, the area of ??the buffer area is insufficient, making it impossible for goods in the shelf area to come out and goods outside the warehouse to enter. .

(6) Allocation of warehouse area and other areas

Since the total area is certain, many third-party logistics companies only focus on office and experiment (including R&D), but the warehouse area is ignored, thus creating a situation where in order to meet the needs of warehouse capacity, we have to develop into space to meet the requirements. But the higher the shelves, the higher the purchase and operating costs of machinery and equipment. In addition, since the optimal logistics route in an automated three-dimensional warehouse is linear, the warehouse design is often limited by the plane area, resulting in a circuitous logistics route (often S-shaped or even mesh-shaped). , which will add a lot of unnecessary investment and trouble.

(7) Matching of personnel and equipment

No matter how high the degree of automation of the automated three-dimensional warehouse is, the specific operation still requires a certain amount of manual labor, so the number of staff must be appropriate. . Not enough staff will reduce the efficiency of the warehouse, and too many will cause waste. Automated three-dimensional warehouses use a large number of advanced equipment, so the quality requirements for personnel are relatively high. If the quality of personnel cannot keep up, it will also reduce the throughput capacity of the warehouse. Third-party logistics companies need to recruit specialized talents and provide them with specialized training.

(8) Transmission of system data

Due to unblocked data transmission paths or data redundancy, the system data transmission speed will be slow or even impossible to transmit. Therefore, it is necessary to Consider the issue of information transmission within the automated three-dimensional warehouse and between the upper and lower management systems of third-party logistics companies.

(9) Overall operational capability

The coordination of the upstream, downstream and internal subsystems of the automated three-dimensional warehouse has a problem of the barrel effect, that is, the shortest piece of wood Determines the capacity of the barrel. Some warehouses use a lot of high-tech products and have very complete facilities and equipment. However, due to poor coordination and compatibility between various subsystems, the overall operational capacity is much worse than expected. With advanced technology, the direct communication method of on-site control bus is adopted, so that the computer can only monitor but not control. All decision-making, job scheduling and on-site information are communicated by on-site equipment such as stackers and inbound and outbound conveyors through mutual communication. Coordination completed.

● The pallet number of each cargo location is recorded in the database of the stacker and the computer respectively. The administrator can use the comparison function to compare the records of the computer and the records of the stacker, and make modifications. Modifications can be done automatically and manually.

● The system software and hardware have complete functions, the user interface is clear, and it is easy to operate and maintain.

● The stacker has the function of automatically recalling the origin, that is, no matter what the situation, as long as the fork is centered and horizontally running normally, it can automatically return to the origin according to the issued command. This means that operators and maintenance personnel can avoid entering the tunnel as much as possible.

●The intelligent control system can realize the true automatic inventory function, avoiding the previous heavy manual inventory work, reducing the work intensity of warehouse managers, and ensuring the error rate of outbound operations. is zero. 1 Pharmaceutical production: Pharmaceutical production is one of the earliest fields to apply automated three-dimensional warehouses. In 1993, Guangzhou Yangcheng Pharmaceutical Factory built China's earliest automated three-dimensional warehouse for pharmaceutical production. Since then, dozens of companies such as Jilin Aodong, Northeast Pharmaceutical, Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical, Shijiazhuang Pharmaceutical, and Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Group have successfully applied automated three-dimensional libraries.

2 Automobile manufacturing: one of the earliest fields in China to apply automated three-dimensional libraries. China Second Automotive Industry Corporation was the first unit to apply automated three-dimensional warehouses. At present, China's major automobile manufacturing companies almost without exception use automated three-dimensional libraries.

3 Machinery manufacturing: It is one of the fields where automated three-dimensional libraries are widely used. Such as Sany Heavy Industry, etc.

4 Electronic manufacturing: Lenovo and other electronic fields began to adopt automated three-dimensional warehouse systems after 2000.

5 Tobacco manufacturing industry: The most common industry in China that adopts automated three-dimensional warehouses. And a large number of imported equipment are used. Typical ones include Honghe and Changsha. 1 Tobacco distribution: Automated three-dimensional warehouse systems are widely used.

2 Pharmaceutical distribution: In response to GSP certification, a large number of automated three-dimensional warehouses have been applied to the national pharmaceutical distribution field. Such as traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, etc.

3 Airport freight: an early adopter of automated three-dimensional warehouses. All major airports use three-dimensional warehouse systems for baggage handling.

4 Subway: With the boom of subway construction in China, the application of automated three-dimensional warehouses has been widely spread. 1 Clothing: The application of automated three-dimensional libraries in the clothing field has happened in recent years.

2 Wine: Such as Yanghe, Niulanshan, etc.

3 Milk: Mengniu, Yili and other companies have applications.

4 Chemical industry: one of the earliest industries to apply automated three-dimensional warehouses.

5 Printing, publishing, and books: it is also one of the widely used industries. In addition, there are many fields where automated three-dimensional libraries are applied. Such as core library, tire library, teaching library, etc. Due to space limitations, we will not give examples one by one.