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Analysis on how to carry out safety education for children in kindergartens

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Children's safety education: centralized education and active guidance

Parents often complain: "This child has no memory at all. If he is not allowed to climb high, he will fall, but he doesn't remember. No, he fell! " Actually, it's not all the children's fault. Children's memory and understanding are still in the development stage, and it is not good to just preach to them. Children will soon forget it after listening to it, and it is difficult to leave a deep impression. Then, it is essential to educate children with safety knowledge as the theme of activities.

According to the characteristics of intuitive actions and concrete images in children's cognition, centralized education activities can be carried out through various forms and channels. For example, show children pictures and audio-visual materials about safety knowledge; Ask firefighters to enrich their children's knowledge of fire hazards and fire prevention and fighting; Hold seminars; The teacher comprehensively explained and so on. Let children absorb safety knowledge under the influence of various senses and leave a deep impression.

At the same time, because children's ability to distinguish right from wrong is weak, it is beneficial to take positive guidance to carry out safety education for children. This situation often happens in our educational activities: when a child asks to go to the toilet, more children will say, "I want to go to the toilet, too!" " "They may not really want to go to the toilet, or they may not deliberately make trouble, just imitating others to attract the teacher's attention. If this is a teacher's praise for one of the children who sits well, then other children will learn from the praised children and sit better without asking to go to the toilet. So is safety education. If you only repeatedly emphasize the adverse consequences of danger (such as a disobedient child playing with fire causing a fire; Another child knocked over the boiling water bottle, burned his hand, and so on. ), it is inevitable that children will imitate. But if we give more examples of children paying attention to safety, these positive materials will guide children to correctly understand safety knowledge and avoid blind imitation.

Children's safety education: random education, timely reminder

Safety education should be carried out not only in group activities, but also randomly in daily life, and should penetrate into children's daily activities. According to the problems in children's activities, give necessary and reasonable safety education.

Once I went hiking with my children, I found that the children were particularly interested in the Chinese rose flowers planted in the roadside flower beds, twittering around the flowers, and some even touched the petals and leaves. I suddenly remembered that there were thorns on the stems and leaves of Chinese rose flowers, so I randomly gave my children safety education to prevent plants from being prickly and poisonous, so I should be careful not to touch them easily. In an observation activity a few days later, I took my children to observe Holly. I held a leaf in my hand for the children to observe. Suddenly, I heard a child say, "Don't move, will it have thorns?" Look! The child has memorized the safety knowledge he taught casually last time.

Safety education is also a long-term and continuous process. Children in kindergartens are young and have poor awareness of self-protection. Safety education before every activity and holidays is very important. Therefore, on the basis of children's original understanding, children should be reminded in a timely and timely manner to consolidate their existing knowledge and gain a deeper understanding. Let safety awareness gradually take root in children's hearts.

How to educate children about safety?

Early childhood safety education includes two aspects: first, it is necessary to cultivate children to develop good living and health habits. Second, we should always explain to our children the knowledge of preventing poisoning and accidental injury. The education and training of children should follow the following principles: first, it can only be carried out after children's neuropsychiatric development reaches an appropriate level. Second, be patient with children's attempts and failures, and encourage them in time when they succeed. Third, we should avoid coercion in training and guide children to accept training happily and entertain and educate.

In education and training, we should also master the psychological characteristics of children, especially the requirements of the whole family for children and the educational methods must be consistent, otherwise it will cause psychological obstacles for children. Adults should treat children equally, not favoritism, so as not to cause children's self-confidence and stubbornness, which is not conducive to the cultivation of habits. Children aged one and a half to two or three often show some resistance and like to say "no". Therefore, it is necessary to have a strategy, to induce everything positively, and to put forward clear requirements for children, why do you want to do this, and why can't you do that. Children like to learn from examples. They are very imitative. Therefore, adults, like other behaviors, should set an example, encourage children to learn from each other, form good habits and correct their own shortcomings.

On the Development of Children's Safety Education

Ensuring children's safety is the premise of running a good kindergarten. Childhood is the beginning of life. If children can understand the common sense of safety from an early age and have the basic ability to survive and live, they will certainly benefit for life.

Kindergarten children are young and lack self-protection awareness, so the content of safety education is different from that of adults, which can be summarized as follows:

(1) To prevent electric shock; Teachers and parents should educate children not to touch wires and switches; Don't climb on the telephone pole to play; Do not ground the wires on the ground to avoid electric shock; When it rains heavily, don't stand under the big tree to shelter from the rain; Don't put your hands in the rotating electric fan to avoid injury. Once you get an electric shock, immediately unplug the power supply and call for help.

(2) prevention of gas poisoning; Tell children that gas is a kind of toxic and flammable gas, which can be seen and touched, but can smell bad smell. If the gas stove switch is not tightened, the gas in the pipeline will leak. People will be poisoned after inhaling gas, and their lives will be in danger if they are not rescued in time. If the house is full of gas, an open flame will cause explosion and fire. Therefore, children should be warned not to go into the kitchen and tamper with the gas stove switch to prevent gas leakage; In case of gas leakage, first turn off the gas stove switch, and immediately open the window for ventilation. Move the poisoned person to fresh air and call for help "120". In case of fire, call for help "1 19".

(3), to prevent burns; With the increasing popularity of electric drinking fountains in kindergartens and families, children's burns have increased significantly. Therefore, children had better drink water from adults. When letting children pour themselves, be sure to let them press the cold water faucet first, and then press the hot water faucet to avoid burns. When taking a bath, adjust the water temperature before taking a bath.

(4) fall prevention; There are many high-rise buildings in the city, and children living upstairs like to lie on the balcony or watch the excitement by the doors and windows, which is easy to fall and die. So tell your child never to lean out of the balcony or doors and windows. Don't put wooden boxes, bamboo baskets and other sundries on the fence of the balcony, so as to prevent children from climbing up the sundries and throwing themselves out of the fence.

(5) anti-theft and self-defense; Tell your child that if someone knocks at home, you should look at the door mirror first. If you are a stranger, don't open the door. If the bad guys are found, call the police "1 10".

(6) Food poisoning: At present, most of the drugs taken by children have beautiful appearance and good taste, which are deeply loved by children. However, children should be educated not to eat more or less drugs. Parents must give drugs on time and quantitatively according to the doctor's advice, and children should not take drugs themselves.

The particularity of early childhood safety education lies in that children of different ages have different ability to accept and express, so the content of safety education for children also varies from year to year. Take fire safety education as an example: children in small classes have limited hands-on cognitive ability, which can let them know the harm of fire and simply dial fire alarm and other fire knowledge. Run at the sight of fire, report your honor. Children in middle and large classes have strong hands-on ability. Teachers can teach them the knowledge and usage of fire-fighting equipment, and let children learn fire drills, fire escape and so on. At the same time, we should also educate children not to play with fire, not to destroy fire-fighting facilities, and not to play with fire-fighting equipment such as fire extinguishers.

It is particularly necessary to carry out safety education persistently. Parents can "test" their children's safety knowledge at the dinner table and before going to bed. When teachers and parents hear and witness incidents such as children falling from buildings, drug poisoning and outwitting gangsters, they should tell their children in time, constantly strengthen their safety awareness and cultivate their emergency ability. When necessary, they can set appropriate situations for their children, let them try their best to solve problems, give them the opportunity to "experience" themselves, and let them freely respond to similar incidents.

In recent years, according to the age characteristics of different age groups, our garden has carried out a series of thematic education activities on children's physical and mental health and life safety. Small classes focus on cultivating children's simple sense of self-protection, and carry out activities such as "don't walk with strangers", "don't stuff foreign objects into the five senses" and "don't play with sharp weapons". The middle class focuses on "safety signs" and guides children to further improve their safety awareness through activities such as "knowing safety signs", "understanding the significance of safety signs" and "making safety signs by themselves". From the aspect of children's mental health, the big class has carried out activities such as "I am not afraid anymore" and "I can protect myself" to guide children to consciously avoid dangerous things and know how to protect themselves. Usually, kindergartens also run safety education through all aspects of children's daily life, so that safety education activities can be truly implemented.

Children are the future of the motherland. Keeping children away from dangers and injuries is not only the responsibility of kindergartens, but also the responsibility of the whole society. Children's thinking is naive, and they often have impulsive behavior. They are particularly curious and vulnerable to accidents. Therefore, we must understand the child's psychological world and enhance the child's safety awareness in order to ensure the child's safety. For the sake of children's tomorrow, the future of the motherland and the construction of a safe and healthy environment, we call on the whole society to work together to make safety education start with children and achieve the goal of "educating a child, driving a family and affecting the whole society".

How to educate children about safety?

At a parent-teacher meeting, a young mother said, "I don't expect my children to learn much knowledge, I just hope their safety will be guaranteed!" " "Maybe this mother's words are a bit extreme, but it does reflect parents' concerns about the safety of their children in kindergarten. In fact, not only parents, but also children's safety is a common concern of all preschool educators, all kindergartens and even the whole society. But I think it's not just adults who care about children's safety, but also children themselves. Let children know the existence of danger and cultivate a strong sense of security. So, how to educate children about safety and cultivate their safety awareness? After practice, I think we should do the following:

-Centralized education and active guidance

Parents often complain: "This child has no memory at all. If he is not allowed to climb high, he will fall, but he doesn't remember. No, he fell! " Actually, it's not all the children's fault. Children's memory and understanding are still in the development stage, and it is not good to just preach to them. Children will soon forget it after listening to it, and it is difficult to leave a deep impression. Then, it is essential to educate children with safety knowledge as the theme of activities.

According to the characteristics of intuitive actions and concrete images in children's cognition, centralized education activities can be carried out through various forms and channels. For example, show children pictures and audio-visual materials about safety knowledge; Ask firefighters to enrich their children's knowledge of fire hazards and fire prevention and fighting; Hold seminars; The teacher comprehensively explained and so on. Let children absorb safety knowledge under the influence of various senses and leave a deep impression.

At the same time, because children's ability to distinguish right from wrong is weak, it is beneficial to take positive guidance to carry out safety education for children. This situation often happens in our educational activities: when a child asks to go to the toilet, more children will say, "I want to go to the toilet, too!" " "They may not really want to go to the toilet, or they may not deliberately make trouble, just imitating others to attract the teacher's attention. If this is a teacher's praise for one of the children who sits well, then other children will learn from the praised children and sit better without asking to go to the toilet. So is safety education. If you only repeatedly emphasize the adverse consequences of danger (such as a disobedient child playing with fire causing a fire; Another child knocked over the boiling water bottle, burned his hand, and so on. ), it is inevitable that children will imitate. But if we give more examples of children paying attention to safety, these positive materials will guide children to correctly understand safety knowledge and avoid blind imitation.

Second, the prompt reminder of random education.

Safety education should be carried out not only in group activities, but also randomly in daily life, and should penetrate into children's daily activities. According to the problems in children's activities, give necessary and reasonable safety education.

Once I went hiking with my children, I found that the children were particularly interested in the Chinese rose flowers planted in the roadside flower beds, twittering around the flowers, and some even touched the petals and leaves. I suddenly remembered that there were thorns on the stems and leaves of Chinese rose flowers, so I randomly gave my children safety education to prevent plants from being prickly and poisonous, so I should be careful not to touch them easily. In an observation activity a few days later, I took my children to observe Holly. I held a leaf in my hand for the children to observe. Suddenly, I heard a child say, "Don't move, will it have thorns?" Look! The child has memorized the safety knowledge he taught casually last time.

Safety education is also a long-term and continuous process. Children in kindergartens are young and have poor awareness of self-protection. Safety education before every activity and holidays is very important. Therefore, on the basis of children's original understanding, children should be reminded in a timely and timely manner to consolidate their existing knowledge and gain a deeper understanding. Let safety awareness gradually take root in children's hearts.

Third, apply effective "dangerous consequences" education method.

I once read an article saying that a tourist rented a carriage and went to Panshan Road. The tourist said to the coachman, "put the horse in the road, and the carriage will fall into the valley." The coachman said, "The horse is very clever. It knows the consequences of falling." I was deeply moved by the coachman's words.

As adults, we often think that children are young, inexperienced and ignorant. When educating them, avoid all negative things for fear of causing negative effects. Parents, in particular, are afraid that their children will be hurt. Every time I send my children away, I just tell them repeatedly that I can't do this or that, I can't eat this or that, and I hate that I can't keep my children in a fortress with an iron wall so that they won't be hurt. The same is true of teachers, and children are worried when they behave out of line. However, simple preaching can't attract enough attention from children, and repeated exhortation can also cause children's disgust. In addition, children are locked in the classroom or at home all day, knowing nothing about the outside world. Once released, they are like birds trapped for a long time and want to try everything. So who can guarantee that there is no danger?

These are all very negative practices. We should inform children of the "dangerous consequences" in time and properly, educate them through various means and ways, and let them know the essence of things from different aspects. Of course, let children know the consequences of danger and pay attention to moderation, but don't scare children and cause negative effects. Only in this way can children really learn how to think and analyze things and how to face the world.

Fourth, let children learn to protect themselves.

Most children nowadays are only children. Grandpa, grandma, grandpa, grandma, dad and mom look at this baby. It's really scary to put it in your mouth and hold it in your hand for fear of freezing, and wrap your child in layers of protective covers of love. I don't know that this kind of love is doting, and this kind of protection either makes children more timid and afraid to explore; Still curious, blindly imitating. Parents and teachers can't protect their children all their lives. Therefore, according to the modern educational concept, it is necessary to guide children to correctly understand the world, enhance their awareness of self-protection and improve their self-protection ability. This requires the following two points:

Correct sharpening

The more protected children are, the more likely they are to make mistakes, because they lose the ability to protect themselves and many unexpected things will happen. In case of emergency, children who are usually locked in the "safe" will be at a loss.

Last winter morning, it just snowed, and the snow on the road was frozen into ice. A family of three is walking by the roadside, and their daughter wants to go skating. The young mother disagreed. One cried and insisted on leaving, and the other shouted and screamed at the roadside. This is the young father who held the child in his arms and put her on the ice. My daughter immediately ran with a happy smile, fell on all fours, got up, ran and fell several times. The young mother complained, but look at the little girl, not only didn't cry, but also got up, slowly tried to slide down with open arms, and never ran up or fell down again. In fact, this little girl has been tempered in these few short minutes and learned to protect herself.

In kindergartens, examples of children slipping and falling can be seen everywhere. In fact, when these children fall, as long as they support the ground with their hands, they will be much less hurt. Therefore, children should be given some small opportunities for tempering, so that they can grow up through tempering and accumulate necessary life experience, so that they can avoid being hurt when they encounter problems that they have to face alone.

Reasonable guidance

Modern safety education should be a comprehensive education combining knowledge with practicality. In addition to letting children know some necessary safety knowledge, they can also be guided to carry out some "actual combat training". For example, children can do some self-help exercises after understanding the use and harm of fire. For example, learn to dial 1 19 and learn simple emergency measures (block the door with sheets and cover your mouth with wet towels).

In short, the purpose of our safety education for young children is to give them more opportunities for development, not to deprive them of learning opportunities and let them "do nothing". Therefore, we should not only teach children safety knowledge, but also let them know where there is danger, and let them know how to conquer danger and how to effectively protect themselves in the process of conquering danger. This is the real "safety education" to ensure the safety of children!