How to choose a small language for college entrance examination?

See the attachment. The appellation of minority languages is actually a nickname, and its "big name" or "scientific name" should be called non-common language. So which languages are non-common languages? According to the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, six languages are the current working languages of the United Nations, namely English, Chinese, French, Russian, Spanish and Arabic. In other words, all United Nations meetings are interpreted in these languages, and all official documents are printed or published on the Internet in translated versions of these languages. Besides, other languages are of course non-lingua franca. In China, most middle schools offer English, and most foreign language majors recruited by colleges and universities are English majors. Therefore, in the annual college entrance examination, languages other than English are generally called small languages. There are two main types of minority languages enrolled in China University: one is the European language family, which mainly includes Russian, Spanish, Portuguese, Czech, Dutch, Swedish, Polish, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Bulgarian, Albanian and Serbian; The other is the Asian-African language family, which mainly includes Japanese, Korean, Mongolian, Vietnamese, Burmese, Thai, Lao, Malay, Filipino, Cambodian, Arabic, Indonesian, Urdu, Hausa, Persian, Pashto, Swahili and Sinhalese. Among these small languages, there are more than a dozen students enrolled all the year round, while other languages are recruited only once every other year or several years. Due to the large number of Russian and Japanese institutions and enrollment, some schools did not include them in the catalogue of single recruitment in small languages, but put them in the unified recruitment plan. "I haven't studied small languages, how can I apply?" Some students and parents think that candidates who apply for a small language must have learned that language in advance, just as candidates who apply for an English major must have excellent English scores. In fact, this is a complete misunderstanding. People are used to calling it a small language because most people have never learned it. If everyone has learned a language before the college entrance examination, it may be called a big language just like English. In fact, all colleges and universities that recruit small languages have got English test questions in the entrance examination. Only when individual schools enroll students in Russian and Japanese, it is stipulated that candidates can take English test questions or choose Russian and Japanese test questions. No matter what kind of test questions, the scope of the test questions is roughly the same as the proposition scope stipulated by the national unified college entrance examination. For example, when minority languages were recruited in advance in 2007, the Russian major of Heilongjiang University allowed candidates to choose Russian papers, and the Japanese major of Shandong University allowed some candidates to choose Japanese papers. Only a few key foreign language institutions such as Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing Foreign Studies University and Shanghai International Studies University have taken the initiative in small languages in advance. Because the key middle schools involved are very limited, few people know this form of enrollment. With the increase of colleges and universities enrolling minority languages, many candidates have known this special enrollment form since they entered high school, but at the same time, it has also created an illusion for candidates. It seems that all minor language majors enroll students separately in advance. In fact, the single move in advance is only one of the forms of admission to small languages, and there are two other forms of admission that must be known. One is a separate examination (mainly interview and oral examination), and then take the college entrance examination after obtaining the certificate, which is very similar to the recruitment of art majors, such as this form adopted by Beijing candidates. Second, through the unified college entrance examination, the corresponding batches are admitted, just like ordinary majors. Students who want to learn minority languages should pay special attention to the second one, because most colleges and universities adopt this form when recruiting minority languages, such as Capital Normal University, Sun Yat-sen University, Nanjing University, Yanbian University, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Yunnan University for Nationalities and so on. Although the small languages recruited by these institutions are not as diverse as those of foreign language institutions, the number is very considerable, so don't be discouraged if you miss the opportunity to recruit separately in advance. There may be better schools and majors in the future. Another point that needs special explanation is that even the 19 colleges and universities that are approved by the Ministry of Education to admit students in advance have many places for minority language enrollment in the unified college entrance examination. What is particularly striking is that university of international business and economics, one of the 19 universities, changed back last year after going it alone several years ahead of schedule. Although the number of small languages in advance is limited, many candidates want to take their chances. However, when I actually signed up, I found that not everyone could sign up casually. First of all, small language majors in colleges and universities only choose some provinces and cities to enroll students, and there will be some changes and adjustments every year. For example, in 2007, CFAU only enrolled students in Jilin, Zhejiang and other 10 provinces and cities. Secondly, most colleges and universities do not accept individual registration, and only stipulate that several provincial key high schools in a province are qualified to recommend candidates. When recommending, they also strictly limit the number of people, the language of application, the ratio of men to women, the maximum age, whether they are fresh graduates, height, facial features and so on. Finally, the middle school fills in the recommendation form and reports it to the admissions institution. In addition, candidates should be reminded that people who do well in English exams may not be able to learn small languages well, because languages also need certain talents, and some languages cannot be learned well by hard work alone. Therefore, some colleges and universities also implement the trial reading system for minority language majors. If you really can't learn, you can only drop out of school and retake the college entrance examination the next year. Many candidates and parents believe that it is a shortcut to go to college to make a single move in advance in small languages. If it was five or six years ago, there might be some truth in this statement, but now it is "not what it used to be." First of all, in the past, all middle schools were students with above-average recommended scores. As the saying goes, "promote the good but not the excellent", and especially excellent students may still despise small languages. Now, everyone has seen the prospect of the development of minority languages, and many excellent students (especially liberal arts students) have joined the ranks of competitive recommendation. Secondly, the process of small language examination admission is more difficult. Let's talk about the exam subjects first. In the past, famous universities only took Chinese and foreign languages, but now they have added mathematics, such as Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing Foreign Studies University and Shanghai International Studies University. Only ordinary undergraduate universities do not take mathematics. Besides, the difficulty of the test questions, although the form of the test papers issued by colleges and universities is similar to that of the college entrance examination, the difficulty of the test questions is obviously increased, and there are oral tests and interviews. In addition, according to the regulations of the Ministry of Education, the ratio of the number of students enrolled in small language majors to the number of students tested in each school should not be less than 1:2, while the actual operation of each enrollment institution is about 1:5. In some schools, there is no limit on the number of applicants, and the ratio of the final admission to the number of candidates has reached more than 1: 10. It can be said that minority language enrollment can better reflect the comprehensive quality of a candidate than the unified college entrance examination. Judging from the comprehensive situation of small language candidates admitted to colleges and universities in previous years, all candidates admitted to famous universities can get the first place in the college entrance examination; Candidates admitted to ordinary colleges and universities will score far more than two lines in the college entrance examination. In the face of attractive small languages, candidates must comprehensively measure their own strength and choose to apply rationally and calmly. Compared with English majors, minority languages are indeed easier to find jobs, especially with the approach of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the successful bid for the Shanghai World Expo, the society has paid more attention to minority languages majors. The one-time employment rate of minority language majors in some colleges and universities even reached 100%. However, with the continuous expansion of minority language colleges, the employment advantages of minority languages are weakening day by day. It is understood that graduates majoring in small languages mainly go to government foreign affairs departments and foreign-funded enterprises. However, judging from the recruitment positions announced by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Commerce and other ministries in recent years, the demand for minority language professionals is very limited and the threshold is very high. For example, in the recruitment plan published by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2008, the demand for Arabic graduates is only 1 1, and the demand for other small languages is even less, mostly only one or two. As for the demand of foreign-funded enterprises for small language talents, it is also very limited. Take Shanghai, a metropolis with the fastest economic development in China, for example, there are very few foreign-funded enterprises that recruit minority language jobs every year, and only 1 job is provided for every1job, and most of them are only part-time or short-term jobs. Reference: 2009 application guide Annex: 2009 application guide for minor language majors. document