Beijing urbanization development plan during the tenth five-year plan period?

First, the current situation of urbanization and the situation and requirements it faces

(1) The present situation of urbanization Beijing is a metropolitan area with both central cities (urban areas) and vast suburban rural areas. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of the national economy and the overall progress of society, Beijing's urbanization has been steadily advanced. From the end of 1978 to the end of 2000, the permanent population of the city increased from 8.5 million to110.75 million, among which the non-agricultural population increased from 4.67 million to 7.607 million, accounting for 68.7% of the total population. 1990 to 2000. With the rapid development of the city, the built-up area of the city has been expanding, from 65438+395.4 square kilometers in 1990 to 49 1 square kilometers in 2000. The urban area has also expanded from the old city to within the Fourth Ring Road. With the continuous expansion of the city scale, the functions of the city have also been expanded and improved. As the capital, Beijing takes the functions of political center, cultural center and international and domestic exchange center as the core, and also has many functions such as economy, transportation, finance, information, science and technology, education and so on. Urban functions tend to be diversified, which greatly enhances the radiation and driving force of the city. At present, Beijing has become a region with a high level of urbanization in China, and is moving towards the goal of a modern international metropolis.

However, Beijing's urbanization development is still very uneven, mainly in the relatively backward development of suburbs. Although the level of urbanization has obviously accelerated, it is still lower than that of the whole city and lags behind the level of industrialization and economic development in the suburbs. The economic structure is similar and single, the function is incomplete, and the infrastructure and social service facilities are not perfect; Satellite cities and small towns develop slowly and lack attraction. The main reasons for these problems are: the understanding of guiding ideology and concepts lags behind the situation of economic development; Although there are arrangements in the planning, the planning depth is not enough; The focus of construction and development mode is not prominent, low-level duplication, scattered construction and extensive development; Urban management lacks effective rules and regulations, and there are some institutional and policy obstacles. At the same time, these obstacles also build a gap between urban and rural areas, restrict the orderly flow of population and hinder the improvement of urbanization level.

These problems directly affect the level and quality of urbanization and need to be carefully studied and solved.

(II) Situation and Requirements Faced During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, Beijing faced new situations and requirements in promoting urbanization, mainly in the following aspects:

1. China implements urbanization strategy and accelerates the pace of urbanization. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the state regards promoting urbanization as a historic task in the new stage of modernization and an important measure to promote the virtuous circle of national economy and the coordinated development of society. In the overall deployment of urbanization in China, Beijing has been cultivated into an international metropolis with strong influence and competitiveness. This not only points out the direction for promoting urbanization in our city, but also provides a good development environment and opportunities, which is conducive to the formation of a reasonable urban system and the promotion of urbanization in our city.

2. Accelerating urbanization is the need of building a modern international metropolis. The Master Plan of Beijing approved by the State Council 1993 proposes to build Beijing into a world-class historical and cultural city and a modern international city with prosperous economy, social stability, perfect public service facilities and infrastructure and good ecology. The Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Beijing's National Economic and Social Development puts forward that by the middle of 2 1 century, Beijing will become a first-class modern international metropolis in the contemporary world, and the urbanization process will be accelerated during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, laying a solid foundation for realizing this goal.

3. Accelerating the urbanization process is the need for Beijing to take the lead in basically realizing modernization. According to the strategic plan of "New Three Steps" in Beijing's modernization, by 20 10, Beijing will take the lead in basically realizing socialist modernization in China. City is the carrier of economic and social development, urbanization is an important part of modernization, and the continuous improvement of urban system is the key to promote urbanization. In order to take the lead in basically realizing modernization, we must further improve Beijing's urban system, accelerate the pace of urbanization, significantly improve the level of urbanization, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and achieve coordinated development and prosperity between urban and rural areas.

4. Accelerating urbanization is the need to improve the living standard of rural population in suburbs. Starting from the reality that there is a big gap between the living standard of rural population in suburbs and that of urban residents, we must speed up the process of urbanization in suburbs. Through the adjustment of economic structure, we will promote the urbanization of suburbs, further broaden the employment channels, and make more rural surplus labor force enter the secondary and tertiary industries, thus reducing the agricultural population, improving agricultural productivity, increasing farmers' income, expanding consumption, and improving the living standards and quality of suburban people.

Second, the principles and objectives of promoting urbanization

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the general idea of promoting Beijing's urbanization is: according to the overall deployment of national urbanization, according to the requirements put forward in the Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Beijing, taking promoting suburban urbanization as the core, taking the construction of satellite cities and small towns as the key links to promote suburban urbanization, perfecting the functions of satellite cities, accelerating the pace of development and construction of small towns, and forming an urban system with dual appeal to urban population and rural population. Promote the rational distribution of population and industry, significantly improve the level of urbanization in suburbs, further improve the urban system, continuously improve the quality of urban development, and build the basic framework of a modern international metropolis.

(I) Principles of Promoting Urbanization During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the following principles should be followed in promoting urbanization:

1, continue to adhere to the "two strategic shifts". The focus of urban construction has shifted from urban areas to outer suburbs, and urban construction has shifted from extension to adjustment and transformation. Improve the level of urban modernization and urbanization in the outer suburbs, so that the advantages of urban and outer suburbs complement each other, promote each other and develop harmoniously.

2. Adhere to planning first. Improve planning ideas and methods, improve the overall urban planning and various urban development plans, enhance the scientific, systematic and forward-looking planning, and use planning to guide the overall situation of urbanization.

3. Improve and give full play to the functions of the capital. On the basis of giving full play to the functions of the capital's political center, cultural center and international exchange center, we will improve and enhance many functions such as economy, transportation, finance, information, science and technology and education.

4. Insist on promoting urbanization through industrialization and informatization. Take economic construction as the center, accelerate the process of industrialization, actively promote informatization, and lay an economic foundation for urbanization.

5. Adhere to institutional innovation. We should emancipate our minds, renew our ideas, be brave in system innovation and policy adjustment, gradually eliminate the system and policy obstacles that hinder the urbanization process, and create a good institutional environment for the smooth progress of urbanization.

6. Adhere to sustainable development. Correctly handle the relationship between urban development and economy, society, resources and environment, and make urbanization develop in harmony with population, resources and environment. Properly handle the relationship between urban and rural areas in the process of urbanization and promote urban and rural progress.

(II) Objectives of Urbanization Development During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the objectives of urbanization development are: by 2005, according to the current statistics of non-agricultural population, the urbanization level of the whole city will reach 75%, and that of suburbs will reach 45%. The economic strength of the suburbs will be further enhanced, and GDP will account for about 25% of the city. The level of industrialization in suburbs has been further improved, and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries in suburban GDP has reached more than 85%. The key satellite towns have initially been built into new towns with considerable scale, relative independence, complete facilities, perfect functions and distinctive features, with a population of 654.38+10,000 to 300,000. Strive to basically build a number of central towns with developed economy, reasonable layout, moderate scale and strong radiation, with a permanent population of about 20,000 to 50,000.

After five years of hard work, by 20 10, the urbanization level of the whole city has been further improved, and the suburbs have basically realized modernization; Satellite cities and small towns have further developed and their roles in the urban system have been further enhanced; The four-level urban system has been further optimized and improved, and a new urban pattern with orderly division of labor, complementary advantages, reasonable layout and coordinated development has basically been formed.

Third, the main task of promoting urbanization

(1) Accelerating the Construction of Satellite City During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we should firmly seize the historical opportunity of promoting urbanization and effectively accelerate the pace of satellite city construction. Constantly expand and improve the functions of satellite cities, increase the construction of infrastructure and public service facilities, develop the economy of characteristic satellite cities, make the development level of satellite cities leap to a new level, enhance the radiation function of satellite cities, and promote the economic and social development of surrounding areas.

1. Obviously, the development of satellite cities should help to share the functions of urban areas and promote the economic and social development of this area. According to their respective development foundations and conditions, we should promote the improvement of functions, so that satellite cities can not only share the corresponding functions of urban areas, but also undertake the comprehensive functions of the region. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we should concentrate our efforts and select six satellite cities, namely Tongzhou, Changping, Yizhuang, Huangcun, Liangxiang and Shunyi, with relatively superior location conditions and good economic development foundation for key development and construction.

Tongzhou, Changping, Huangcun, Liangxiang and Shunyi Satellite Cities should further enhance their functions as regional political, economic and cultural centers, pay attention to the development of characteristic functions, undertake the extended functions of some cities, and become the main receiving areas for urban population and industrial transfer. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we will strive to make new breakthroughs in functional development. Tongzhou Satellite City, focusing on the development of logistics and distribution functions, has developed into a distribution center for commodity and material transactions in JD.COM. As an important part of Zhongguancun Science Park, Changping Satellite City focuses on the development of scientific and technological innovation functions and has developed into an important base for scientific and technological innovation in Beijing. Huangcun Satellite City has developed into a high-tech industrial base and an educational and scientific research base. Liangxiang Satellite City has developed into a storage and logistics base and a higher education and scientific research base. Shunyi Satellite City has developed into a modern processing industrial base.

As an important part of national economic and technological development zone and Zhongguancun Science Park, Yizhuang Satellite City is an important base for developing export-oriented economy and high-tech industries.

Yanqing, Huairou, Miyun, Pinggu, Chengmen and other satellite cities should give full play to their respective comparative advantages, constantly improve their comprehensive service functions, develop into comprehensive economic centers and tourist service bases in the region, and promote the improvement of industrialization and urbanization in the region.

2. Developing satellite cities with distinctive characteristics To develop economic satellite cities, we should persist in taking economic construction as the center, constantly improve our own economic strength, and enhance economic ties with urban areas and radiation to rural economy.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the satellite city should base itself on its own functional orientation, proceed from its own resource conditions and comparative advantages, focus on cultivating leading industries with characteristics, and become an economic center with strong economic strength and radiation. Relying on development zones and industrial zones, we will develop advantageous labor-intensive industries and supporting industries in urban areas, actively absorb processing industries transferred from urban areas, and conditionally develop high-tech industries and modern processing industries with high added value. It is necessary to speed up the development of the service industry and substantially increase its proportion. Relying on the huge market demand in the central city, vigorously develop tourism, leisure, housing, culture and entertainment services; According to local conditions, vigorously develop industries such as commerce and trade circulation, transportation, finance, information consultation and technical services, and expand the service functions of satellite cities; Vigorously develop the life service industry for residents' consumption and improve the consumption environment.

3. Strengthen infrastructure construction and environmental protection, adhere to the principle of infrastructure first and moderately ahead, increase infrastructure investment in satellite cities, protect the environment of satellite cities in strict accordance with urban standards, ensure economic development and urban construction while maintaining stable environmental quality, and improve the carrying capacity of satellite cities.

Adhere to planning first, vigorously improve the environmental quality of urban-rural fringe, increase the intensity of infrastructure construction and transformation in urban-rural fringe, implement specific measures and programs, and gradually meet and meet the requirements of modern urban standards.

Strengthen the construction of transportation facilities between the satellite city and the urban area, vigorously develop public transportation, complete the construction of the First Ring Road, the Second Ring Road and the Jingmi Expressway as soon as possible, plan the rapid rail transit system connecting the satellite city and the urban area, and build the urban rapid rail transit project and the subway Batong Line. Strengthen the construction of regional transportation facilities, improve the regional transportation network, and build a transportation system with reasonable functional structure, complete facilities and high service level.

Strengthen the construction of municipal public facilities in satellite cities and improve the supporting capacity of municipal infrastructure in satellite cities. Construction and renovation of a number of waterworks, substations and power grids; Conditional satellite cities promote natural gas to households and promote the use of natural gas; Strengthen the construction of central heating system and develop central heating.

Accelerate the construction of information network infrastructure in satellite town, lay a number of telecommunication cables and cable TV cables, build a high-speed information network between satellite town and urban area, and promote the digitalization and networking process of satellite town. Strengthen the construction of post offices and improve the postal capacity of satellite cities.

Strengthen the construction of environmental protection facilities in satellite cities, build a number of sewage treatment plants and garbage treatment plants and their supporting facilities, and improve the capacity of sewage treatment and garbage treatment. Strengthen the ecological environment construction of satellite city, do a good job in environmental greening and beautification, improve the greening system of satellite city, increase the greening of streets, parks and communities in satellite city, increase public green space and build garden-style satellite city.

4. Strengthen the construction of public service facilities such as education, medical care, culture and sports, improve the supply capacity and service level, form a high-quality life service system, and truly make the satellite city have relatively independent and complete functions and relatively superior living environment.

Increase investment in education, improve school conditions, improve teaching quality, encourage famous schools in urban areas to set up branch schools in satellite cities, build a number of high-standard demonstration schools with important influence in the city, and carry out distance education to provide residents of satellite cities, especially their children, with the environment and conditions for receiving good education on the spot.

Strengthen the construction of medical and health facilities and improve the medical conditions in satellite cities. In particular, it is necessary to speed up the construction of emergency centers, prevention and treatment of senile diseases, and community medical service facilities, and carry out remote consultation and telemedicine to meet the multi-level health needs of residents in satellite cities.

Strengthen the construction of cultural and sports facilities and build a number of cultural centers, libraries, museums and gymnasiums. Meet the high-quality housing needs of residents.

(2) Accelerating the construction and development of small towns is an important way to accelerate rural industrialization and urbanization, and also an important link to improve the level of urban urbanization. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we should focus on the construction of central towns, speed up the construction of small towns, give full play to the role of rural regional economic and cultural centers, build small towns into bases for promoting rural industrialization and important places for gathering rural population, and promote the improvement of industrialization and urbanization in outer suburbs.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, according to the principles of scientific planning, rational layout, supporting facilities, beautiful environment and enhanced characteristics, 33 central towns, such as Xiaotangshan Town in Changping, Houshayu Town in Shunyi, songzhuang town Town in Tongzhou, Xihongmen Town in Daxing and Song Yang Town in Huairou, will be built, and a number of central towns with developed economy, moderate scale and strong radiation capacity will be built to promote the development of small towns in the city and form an urban system suitable for the functions of the capital.

1. Prospering the economy of small towns The key to developing small towns lies in prospering the economy of small towns. According to the characteristics of small towns, local location advantages and resource advantages, market-oriented, industry-based, vigorously develop the characteristic economy and improve the economic strength of small towns. Actively develop the processing industry of agricultural products, realize the value-added of agricultural products processing, focus on cultivating various leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, and form a base for the production, processing and sales of agricultural and sideline products. Focusing on giving full play to the functions of small towns, we will set up various service industries according to local conditions and develop various comprehensive and professional commodity wholesale markets. We should make full use of scenic spots and cultural landscapes to develop tourism, leisure and entrepreneurship. Actively carry out the second venture of township enterprises, strengthen the construction of township industrial communities, attract township enterprises to gather in small towns by improving infrastructure construction and strengthening services, and encourage new township enterprises to concentrate in towns. Seize the opportunity of strategic reorganization of state-owned enterprises and attract technology, talents and related enterprises to transfer to small towns. Encourage urban industrial and commercial enterprises to invest and build factories in small towns.

2. Enrich and improve the functions of small towns, further increase investment in infrastructure and public service facilities in small towns, gradually improve facilities such as roads, energy, water supply and drainage, heating, garbage disposal and telecommunications, and effectively improve the production and living conditions of small towns. Attach great importance to the construction of information network infrastructure and promote the informatization process of small towns. Carry out high-standard environmental protection design and greening and beautification design in small towns, vigorously develop green industries with planting trees and grass as the core, and create a village environment with fresh air, beautiful environment and good ecology. Do a good job in rural environment improvement and village appearance improvement, and completely change the phenomenon of dirty, chaotic and poor environment in villages and towns.

3, improve the quality of small town construction from the natural, historical and cultural characteristics of small towns, carry out various forms of overall design, carefully shape the image of small towns with characteristics, improve the grade and grade of small town construction, and form modern central towns with different styles.

Urban construction should adhere to the principle of "planning first, construction later, design first, construction later, underground first, ground first", strictly implement planning management, standardize construction procedures, and strengthen supervision over planning, design and construction by legal means.

It is necessary to widely adopt modern science and technology, apply new building materials, improve the scientific and technological content of building construction and ensure the engineering quality of urban construction.

Four. The main measures to promote urbanization Urbanization is a comprehensive systematic project, which needs close cooperation and promotion from all parties concerned. From the perspective of the whole city, the following main measures need to be taken:

(A) using planning to strengthen the overall planning and management of urbanization. Adhere to high starting point planning, high standard construction and efficient management. Further revise and improve Beijing's overall urban planning, and complete the adjustment and detailed planning of key satellite cities and small towns with high standards and high quality. Strengthen the scientific, systematic and forward-looking planning, and do a good job in the connection between urban planning at different levels, as well as the connection between urban planning and economic and social development planning, transportation, land, water conservancy and ecological environment planning. Improve the authority of planning, ensure the effective implementation of planning by legal means, and promote the healthy and orderly development of urban and rural construction.

(2) Accelerate the pace of industrial layout adjustment and functional improvement in urban areas, give full play to the role of urban areas in promoting suburban urbanization, accelerate the pace of industrial adjustment and functional transformation in urban areas, promote the development and functional improvement of suburban industries, and promote the rapid development of suburban urbanization.

1. Accelerate the adjustment of urban industrial structure. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the central city should be built into a tertiary industry-intensive area, mainly developing various knowledge-intensive service industries and tertiary industries such as finance and insurance, commodity circulation, post and telecommunications, culture and sports.

Focus on the development of high-tech industries along the first ring road, form a base for intensive growth of high-tech industries, and vigorously develop emerging service industries and the tertiary industry that serves residents' lives. As the vast hinterland of urban industrial development, suburbs should seize the opportunity of urban industrial structure adjustment, proceed from their respective resource conditions, rely on district and county industrial parks, undertake urban industrial transfer, become modern manufacturing bases, promote the development of satellite cities and small towns around the construction of industrial bases, and promote the improvement of suburban industrialization and urbanization.

2. Accelerating the Adjustment of Urban Functions During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, urban areas should be based on continuously enhancing the basic functions of the capital's political, cultural and international exchange centers, further developing functions such as business services, financial services and cultural services, accelerating the development and construction of key functional areas, and promoting the adjustment of urban functions. Evacuate some functions of science and technology, education, health, logistics and distribution in the urban area to the suburbs. Suburban towns can share these functions and accelerate their own urbanization process by giving full play to urban functions.

It is necessary to speed up the construction of the central business district in Beijing, basically complete the development of the financial street along the Second Ring Road, build a modern commercial center focusing on Wangfujing and Xidan, and build a traditional commercial and cultural district focusing on Qianmen-Dashilan area. Through the construction of key functional areas, the functions of urban areas, especially urban core areas, will be optimized and upgraded, while the functions of other cities will be extended or transferred to suburban towns, so as to promote the continuous improvement of suburban towns' functions and the improvement of urbanization level.

(3) Create a good policy environment, make innovations and bold reforms in household registration management system, urban land use system and social security system, and form a good external environment and mechanism.

1. Reforming the household registration system aims to form a management system conducive to the orderly flow of population, speed up the reform of the household registration system, and implement a household registration system in which urban and rural populations are divided according to their places of residence. Replace the plan index of "rural to non-agricultural" with different access conditions of different towns, replace the total control with active guidance, and replace the administrative examination and approval system with the examination and approval registration system. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the access conditions of satellite towns and small towns will be appropriately relaxed, and the household registration restrictions for farmers entering satellite towns and small towns will be liberalized. In satellite towns and small towns, farmers in this city who have legally fixed residences and stable occupations and sources of livelihood can be transferred to urban hukou according to their own wishes, and enjoy the same treatment as urban residents in terms of children's enrollment, joining the army, employment, etc., and shall not implement discriminatory policies. For those with the nature of investment immigration, corresponding preferential policies should be implemented in household registration management. During the contract period, farmers entering cities are not required to return the contracted land and private plots, but to obtain benefits from the original contracted land by subcontracting or shareholding, so as to relieve the worries of farmers entering cities.

2. Improve the urban land use system, strengthen land management, especially in the process of urban extension development, effectively protect cultivated land, and strictly control the occupation of cultivated land and basic farmland by non-agricultural construction. According to the principle of protecting cultivated land and promoting the rational development of cities and towns, adjust the structure of urban land use. Under the premise of conforming to the overall land use planning, the construction land of key satellite cities and small towns will be appropriately increased. The construction of central towns must be carried out simultaneously with the transformation of old towns (villages) and the land consolidation of villages. Use land replacement policy and stock land adjustment mechanism to properly solve urban construction land and promote intensive land use. Deepen the reform of land use system, increase the government's monopoly on the primary land market, and gradually implement the land acquisition and reserve system; We will promote various forms of paid use, vigorously promote land supply methods such as bidding, auction and hanging, and all operating land will be publicly auctioned and hung.

3. Establish a sound social security system. Gradually extend the social security system for urban residents to satellite cities and small towns, and establish a social security system that meets the development requirements of satellite cities and small towns.

4. According to the different characteristics of urban areas and satellite cities, implement differentiated consumption policies. Considering the affordability of residents, the consumption level and public charging standards in urban areas should be appropriately raised in accordance with the laws of market economy. Appropriate tilt policies should be adopted to reduce the consumption expenditure level of satellite cities, so that low-income people and low-income people can choose regional life suitable for their own consumption capacity and promote the flow of urban population to satellite cities.

(4) Broaden the investment and financing channels for urban construction, adhere to the direction of market-oriented reform, give full play to the guiding role of financial funds, establish a diversified investment and financing mechanism oriented by government investment and relying mainly on social funds to build towns, and form a diversified pattern of urban construction investment subjects. Reform and improve the fiscal and taxation system in cities and towns, and establish a guarantee system for urban construction funds with property tax as the main body. Standardize the transfer of urban land, implement public bidding, establish and improve the decomposition mechanism of urban land transfer fees, and appropriately expand the proportion of land transfer fees retained in key towns. Reasonably shrink the field of government investment and increase investment in public infrastructure and public facilities. Promote franchising, attract foreign investment and mobilize social funds to participate in urban infrastructure construction. Revitalize the stock of urban infrastructure through equity transfer and auction of management rights, and use the returned funds to build new projects. For profitable infrastructure, paid use will be implemented, and a virtuous cycle mechanism of investment, operation and recovery will be formed by adjusting prices and charges, so as to guide public utilities to change in the direction of self-accumulation and self-development. Encourage neighboring towns to build infrastructure and improve investment efficiency. Encourage individual farmers, urban residents, enterprises and institutions to buy houses or build houses in small towns. Encourage private funds to invest in education, culture and health.

(5) Vigorously promote management innovation and improve the level of urban management modernization. While accelerating urbanization, we will pay more attention to urban management, highlight the innovation of management concepts, management systems, management means and management methods, and basically form a modern urban management system that meets the requirements of the capital. On the premise of unified planning and management by the government, we should strengthen urban management and improve the standard management level. At the same time of construction, implement and improve various management regulations and standards, and establish corresponding supervision mechanisms. For industries with strong public welfare, such as municipal administration and sanitation, it is necessary to strengthen the management and supervision functions of the government, establish more scientific and standardized mechanisms for price, service quality, supervision and control, and ensure the realization of government goals focusing on public interests; At the same time, the market mechanism is introduced to give full play to the role of the market, so as to give full play to the use efficiency of government funds and improve the use efficiency and management level of facilities.

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