How to carry out United front work after the reform of state-owned enterprises

As one of the three magic weapons for the victory of China's revolution, the United front has new contents under the new situation. Eight ministries and commissions, including the State Economic and Trade Commission and the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, jointly issued the Implementation Measures for the Separation of Main and Auxiliary Departments and the Diversion of Surplus Personnel in Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises. Subsequently, the strategic reorganization of China's state-owned enterprises and the adjustment and improvement of ownership structure began, and some state-owned enterprises began to transform into non-state-owned enterprises in the form of joint-stock system, Sino-foreign joint venture and private ownership. After the reform of state-owned enterprises, due to the change of ownership structure, the property right structure, management structure and class structure of enterprises will also undergo great differentiation and combination. Therefore, the United front will have more members, wider scope, wider fields and greater unity. Of course, the task ahead will be more arduous and complicated. To this end, after visiting several enterprises such as open-pit coal industry, the author puts forward some humble opinions on the reform of state-owned enterprises and the United front work of the party for your discussion. I. Restructuring of State-owned Enterprises In recent years, with the strategic adjustment of the national economic structure and the continuous rise of Sino-foreign joint ventures and private enterprises, some old state-owned enterprises have increasingly exposed the disadvantages of heavy social burden and high production and operation costs, and their pace has faltered, unable to adapt to the ever-changing market competition and the severe challenges after China's entry into the WTO, and some even suffered losses and were insolvent for years, facing the brink of closure and bankruptcy. To this end, the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out the direction and adjustment strategy of state-owned enterprises, encouraged qualified state-owned enterprises to carry out structural adjustment, separation of principal and auxiliary, reorganization and restructuring, and transformed and separated "three types of assets" (non-main business assets, idle assets and effective assets of closed bankrupt enterprises) into entities with marketization, independent accounting, self-financing, independent operation and diversified property rights, so as to coexist with other economic sectors. At the same time, it also enables large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises after reorganization to hand over the responsibilities that should be borne by society to the society, reduce the burden, go into battle lightly, reproduce their glory and show their brilliance again. The reform of state-owned enterprises is an inevitable requirement for building a socialist market economy. At the same time, in this important transitional period of our society, the reform of state-owned enterprises is imperative. Second, the structural changes after the restructuring of state-owned enterprises have undergone the double replacement of property rights and employee status, and the business nature of enterprises has changed from "creating wealth for the country" to "creating wealth for the country and individuals". Although the nature of the "working class" who initially contributed to socialism has not changed, its status as the "master of the country" has fundamentally changed. Some may become "shareholders" of enterprises, some may become "shareholders" of enterprises, some may only become employees of enterprises, and some may even quit enterprises. A large number of foreign high-quality technical and management talents have flowed into restructured enterprises. The "shareholder" and "employee" mentioned here are two completely different identities. Shareholders participate in enterprise management with capital as the link, and employees join the enterprise with technology or labor as the link. Shareholders are not necessarily employees of enterprises, and employees of enterprises do not necessarily hold shares. The class composition of the working class is no longer industrial workers, but all manual workers and mental workers; No longer the proletariat, but the proletariat and the proletariat. Therefore, with the changes in the business nature, economic base and class structure of restructured enterprises, the economic status, class status and even ideology of employees will change and fluctuate. The emergence of this new situation is of self-evident practical significance to the United front work. First, the number of non-party intellectuals, professional and technical management talents and other representatives has increased, and their proportion in the total number of employees has also increased significantly, which has increasingly expanded the political influence on enterprises and society; Second, the membership structure of the United front has changed, especially the age structure and cultural structure have changed greatly; The increasing number of people from democratic parties and independents has brought new vitality and vigor to their groups. Thirdly, there are more and more new social classes, especially private entrepreneurs, intermediary organizations, freelancers, overseas investors and returned students, as well as returned overseas Chinese, their relatives and religious practitioners who have been diverted from the original main enterprises to restructured enterprises, and religious practitioners among newly recruited foreigners, which will play a positive role in promoting democracy in China. All these have brought new content and development to the United front, and also built a new platform for the United front work. The United front is a political alliance formed by different social and political forces such as classes, strata, political parties and interest groups to achieve certain common goals on the basis of common interests. After the administrative subordination between the restructured enterprise and the original main enterprise is lifted, the United Front Work Department of the original main enterprise is still responsible for the United Front Work of the original main enterprise. Who will do a lot of United Front Work of the restructured enterprise? If this problem is not solved in time, the United front work of the restructured enterprises will face a "gap". Some people may think that the focus of United front work is local and the main task of enterprises is to create economic benefits. However, judging from China's reform and development situation, ever-changing international situation and international competition, as long as there are people, the United front work will have targets; With the goal of United front work, the United front organization is necessary. Therefore, no matter how the system of the original main enterprise is reformed, the United front organization and United front force cannot be weakened. For the United front work of restructured enterprises, we should establish corresponding grass-roots United front organizations in the street where the restructured enterprises are located in accordance with the principle of "territorial management and graded responsibility", "make friends and do work" for the party, isolate less enemies who oppose our cause, unite more people who support our party's line, principles and policies and the status of the ruling party, and work together to realize our great cause of reform and build a well-off society in an all-round way. Three. The main task of united front work after the reform of state-owned enterprises. Expand the development space of urban United front work in view of the new situation of state-owned enterprise restructuring. The restructuring, reorganization, combination and merger of state-owned enterprises will inevitably promote the development of urban labor-intensive industries, transfer a large number of surplus agricultural labor to cities in China, re-divide and combine the working class and the peasant class, and more people will join the ranks of individual and private economy. In the period of social transformation and development, the adjustment of social relations and the reconstruction of interest pattern will inevitably lead to the agitation of ideas; The continuous emergence of new social strata and interest groups will inevitably increase the number of new United front work objects and their representatives, some new work fields will appear in the United front, and the tasks of grassroots United front work will also be broadened and aggravated. The development and change of social practice will bring many new situations and new problems to the United front work, which requires the reorganization of the United front department where the enterprise is located, further strengthening the research work, carefully analyzing and studying the situation, characteristics and development trend of all social strata in China, and providing information and basis for our party to formulate various principles and policies of the United front in the new period; Constantly broaden our horizons, strive to discover and cultivate a new generation of non-party representatives, and influence and lead the vast number of members of the United front to contribute to China's economic construction through them; It is necessary to establish a sense of innovation, strive to open up new fields of work, and actively do a good job in ideological and political work for the vast number of members of the United front; It is necessary to strengthen the incentive mechanism, do a good job in training, using, attracting and retaining talents, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of non-party intellectuals and professional and technical personnel; It is necessary to strengthen the United front work at the grassroots level, actively reflect the wishes and demands of non-party people from all walks of life, respect, safeguard and take care of their interests, and ensure the implementation of our party's United front principles and policies. 2. The combination of retreat and pragmatism. In the past, our enterprise was a small society, and the enterprise was responsible for production, life, employment, medical care, schooling, and even old-age care and baby-rearing. After the restructuring, the enterprise is an entity, and all their energy will be put into production and operation, and other social functions will be pushed to the society. In the transitional period when people's adaptability has not completely changed, the grass-roots United front departments should actively cooperate with the government, gradually hand over matters within the scope of mass autonomy to the masses themselves to deal with according to law, actively cultivate social autonomy, and gradually let the society assume its own responsibility of managing itself. In concrete work, we should not only ease our thoughts and emotions, but also solve practical problems, correctly handle contradictions among the people, pay attention to straighten out various interest relations, and pay special attention to taking care of "the interests of allies", so that they can do their best, get their place, form a joint force, increase assistance and reduce resistance, and Qi Xin will work together. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen contact and guidance with non-governmental organizations, study the situation, characteristics and existing problems of non-governmental organizations in a timely manner, actively explore socialized working methods to adapt to the situation, give full play to the advantages and functions of non-governmental organizations, unite all members of the United front around the party more widely, and create a political situation in which the people hope to achieve the common goals of the party. 3. Make friends and do practical things. Most of the non-public enterprises after the restructuring are small and medium-sized enterprises, with relatively small scale, backward technology, weak economic strength, low management level, a large number of family management and empirical management, and poor market competitiveness. This situation is difficult to change quickly. Therefore, the United front departments at all levels should take advantage of the transition period to hold various classes and training courses to help non-public economic people learn advanced foreign management concepts and methods, learn knowledge in finance, marketing, management and law, constantly improve their own quality, enhance the survival and development ability of enterprises to participate in fierce international competition and market competition, and cultivate a group of new entrepreneurs with high quality and strong ability. At the same time, we should actively do a good job in ideological and political work for representatives of the non-public economy, educate them to be patriotic, dedicated and law-abiding, guide them to establish a socialist concept of interests, and form business ideas, values and moral norms that conform to the socialist market economy. 4. Be the messenger of social stability. If it is said that the implementation of the contract responsibility system for joint production in rural areas 20 years ago was a major adjustment of rural interests, then the restructuring of state-owned enterprises is a social change involving a wider scope and greater adjustment of interest structure. Subsequently, the drawbacks and defects in China's original economic system will be further exposed, and some deep-seated and sensitive problems and contradictions that were carefully avoided in the past, such as the widening gap between the rich and the poor, will become increasingly prominent, and the interests and conflicts at all levels of society will become more complicated. In particular, some old workers who have worked hard in state-owned enterprises for decades are psychologically unbearable after their identity replacement, and they are prone to such extreme views and opinions, which should be highly valued by United front departments at all levels. The Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee pointed out that "the shareholding system is the main form of public ownership". In the future, a considerable number of state-owned enterprises will be restructured into joint-stock companies controlled by state-owned assets and other assets (including employee stock ownership). Employees' investment in shares is not only the trust and support for the enterprise, but also the expectation of getting rich benefits from the enterprise. If there is no income or little income, shareholders will lose their confidence and enthusiasm for investment. If the employee's ownership is unclear and the distribution policy is improper, and only the primary distribution of labor remuneration is paid attention to, but the secondary distribution of equity income is not paid attention to, it will harm the interests of employees and affect social stability. The United Front Department should pay attention to embody and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the employees holding shares, so as to truly make the employees holding shares have hope, assets, rights and benefits, continuously enhance the cohesion of enterprises, and realize the goal of win-win for investors, operators, managers and employees. The existence of complex conflicts of interest is independent of human will. Although these contradictions are all non-antagonistic contradictions of specific interests among the people on the basis of fundamental interests, poor coordination may also intensify. How to adapt to the needs of the development of the situation after the enterprise restructuring, adopt better forms and methods, correctly coordinate the complex interest relations among all levels, make overall plans, resolve the emotions among the members of the United front, do a good job in the political and ideological work of the employees of non-public enterprises, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and solve problems for them, so as to create a good social environment and maintain social stability for the smooth progress of reform and opening up, which will be an important part of the United front work, and it will also be an important work of the United front departments at all levels, especially the grassroots United front departments.