Wang Li's Works "The Biography of Tangshan Earthquake"

1 976 At about1o'clock on the morning of July 28th, I dragged my tired body 10 for more than hours, and returned to the ground from the 300-meter-deep underground of Fangezhuang Coal Mine in Tangshan. The outstanding feeling is that it is hot and there is no wind.

Take a shower, eat and then go back to the dormitory on the fourth floor. Zhang Xinwei, an educated youth in Tianjin next door, heard the news. I endured sleepiness, sat on the bed and played a game of chess with him, so I couldn't open my eyes. Zhang Xinwei asked, "Do you admit defeat?" I said, "Yes." In other words, I fell asleep ... I didn't sleep long, and I felt the bed shaking desperately. At first, I thought someone wanted to play chess with me, but I soon found it wrong. The bed is not only shaking, but also bumping up and down.

Not so noisy!

In the dim light, I jumped from the bed by the window to the door with the agility peculiar to miners in distress. In the dark, I seem to hear my roommate, Beijing educated youth Xiao Wang, calling me.

I barely stood on the doorframe, but I couldn't take another step. I just felt the door shaking, the building shaking, and the unheard-of sound of shaking the earth and shaking the mountains came from my ear. Behind me, there is a fast flashing earth lamp outside the window ... disaster suddenly arrival, as if the end of the world is coming.

Almost fell down several times. Thanks to my work as a prop porter in the underground for a year, I have trained more than 100 Jin of brawn and clung to the door frame. I can't fall down. Common sense of coal mine safety tells me that the stress area is larger and the danger is greater.

A lot of wall covering, bricks and other sundries fell on me. I didn't feel any pain, but it was terrible. My hair stands on end and my brain is almost blank. I just realized by reflex that the door was closed and relatively strong. ...

Terror is escalating rapidly, testing people's nerves-shaking back and forth, shaking left and right, shaking up and down, shaking irregularly ... The dance of the earth is under your feet, madly releasing the energy accumulated after sleeping for many years.

I want to shout, but I can't; I want to go, but I can't; Want to laugh, but can't cry; I can't stand it, and I can't hide it ... just when my nerves are about to collapse, the shaking suddenly stops.

There was a moment of silence around, and then there was a voice of panic. I was a little shocked, and I quickly recovered the calmness that a fourth-class miner should have when he was in danger. With the miners' night vision ability, I saw that the corridor was seriously distorted, the floor was on the verge of falling, and some external walls collapsed. ...

I took off a set of dacron underwear hanging on the wire inside the door, washed it the day before, shook the soil on it and put it on at once. Groping downstairs in the dark. Someone is saying, "earthquake, be gentle!" " It seems that I am afraid that the heavy footsteps will collapse the stairs.

I walked down carefully, but my calf was still hit by a bag, which was not an injury at that time. Finally out of the stair-door, carrying the heart to put down. Fortunately, the dormitory building in Fangezhuang Mine is new and strong, otherwise we were all buried alive when it collapsed.

The walls of the courtyard have all collapsed, and the people who came out first on the first floor, the second floor and the third floor gathered on the road and talked about it. Suddenly I found myself special. Most people only wear briefs, only I wear clothes and pants together!

Zhang Xinwei soon found me, shaking his white meat and coming to me, shouting, "Stand up, don't listen? I took it all this time! "

Someone next to him echoed: "That is, there are so many seven-level workers and eight-level workers, and such a big kiln situation (miners' language: underground situation) has never been seen! "

I suddenly remembered to rescue immediately, and quickly asked the people around me, "Are there any injuries? Are there any people in the building who haven't come out yet?"

Young miners are naturally optimistic, and someone immediately responded: You came out late, and you still managed to get dressed after the earthquake!

I think so too. Fortunately, several dormitory buildings nearby did not collapse, and the most serious damage was the collapse of the outer wall. All the high school students and educated youth who have undergone strict physical examination have lived in the building. Although not all of them are vigorous, everyone is young and agile and has received formal coal mine safety education. It should be no problem to calm down and save yourself and each other.

It's less than 4 a.m. at this time, the aftershocks of the earth are still harassing us. I looked around and saw no one in the boiler room at the gate. I suddenly realized that such a big earthquake would inevitably cut off water and electricity ... I hurried over and thought the boiler water temperature was ok, so I drank it at the tap. Ah, I've never drunk such terrible water. Next time, I don't know when I can drink clean boiled water! I was drinking and thinking, what should I do next? In just a few minutes, I was so bloated that I couldn't swallow any more. After more than 20 hours, I don't want to drink water. After leaving the boiler room, I went for a walk at a nearby workmate's house. Most of the family dormitories in Fangezhuang Mine are bungalows, and they are very strong, and most of them have not collapsed. But more importantly, it is more than 30 kilometers away from the city center, and it is in the east of the city. Otherwise, the house will be destroyed.

Zhao Yushan, my partner in the first coal mine area, has many brothers and sisters, and has already started to build a shed outside the house. Zhao Yushan said to me: Leave your box with me, lest you can't find it. ...

It's already morning after leaving the Zhao family and returning to the single dormitory. Aftershocks occur every twenty or thirty minutes, but everyone has turned from initial panic to normal.

People asked each other where the epicenter was. There are injured people pouring in on the road, all the villagers around the mining area, one by one, totally embarassed, apparently just dragged out from the ruins. The news we got was that houses in all directions were falling down and crying!

What is even more worrying is that there are thousands of night miners 300 meters underground. The power failure caused by the earthquake will definitely stop the pump and the elevator. The rapidly gushing groundwater can fill the underground roadway in a limited space and drown the swimmers!

Young miners are stranded on the roadside in front of the building, and behind the building is a wilderness and an almost endless collapse pit. Some people joke with each other: go to the bathhouse, where all the white bars come out. But more people don't know what to say or do at the moment.

We don't know where the epicenter is! I don't know the safety of my relatives and friends! Some people looked for transistor radios everywhere, hoping to get relevant news, but there was no result.

Just when I was at a loss, some "men in black" appeared on the road and hurriedly shouted: The underground people are coming up!

We gathered around for information. It turned out that the underground vibration was far less severe than that upstairs. Rows of steel beams and iron columns with a load of 30 tons each effectively avoided large-scale landslides, and few people were injured. There are seven or eight underground workers everywhere. These decades-old miners know the maze of underground tunnels like the back of their hands, all of them have the demeanor of generals, brave and resolute!

Although the power failure makes it impossible to transport people in the shaft with lifting cages, the inclined shaft for ventilation is still open. Old miners and young miners, everyone greeted each other, helped each other, waded through, and gradually withdrew from various working faces, walked dozens of miles underground, and returned to the ground from the wellhead!

Near noon, it began to rain, and people had nowhere to hide. There is a high bicycle shed by the roadside. The shed column more than 3 meters high has already collapsed, leaving only a triangular shed with a space of about 1 meter in the middle. We crouched under the carport, hoping that the rain would stop.

In the rain and fog, two difficult figures came on the road. Looking closer, it turned out to be Master Guo, a worker in our class, carrying his 16-year-old son on his back. Master Guo is 60 years old and hunched. His son lost his legs in the mine accident!

I punched myself on the head: how careless! I didn't expect someone in the dangerous building of the hospital to climb out!

I rushed into the rain and carried Master Guo's son on my back. "Come on, I'll take you home."

Master Guo was silent, and now he is too tired to speak. However, his son's mouth is very sweet, and his eldest brother's eldest brother speaks very sweetly. I kept answering, feeling sour in my heart: this brother has no legs, so pitiful!

Walking in the rain, the road is long, and it's Xiu Yuan. I'm only in my early twenties, and I don't feel tired carrying half a person, but Master Guo Can can't keep up.

Master Guo's "home" is nothing more than a kang mat and a shack with several wooden sticks, in which seven or eight people sit. When we came, the first thing they said was "I can't sit in it!" " "

I've heard of relatives who don't like injuries, but it's the first time I've witnessed them. I wanted to lose my temper, but when I saw all the people in the shed, only the women were in their prime, I had to hold them back. Let everyone squeeze in and put the poor young man in the shed. ...

In the afternoon, the rain stopped, and I found Li Jun to discuss what to do next. He is one year older than me. We all grew up in Beijing, jumped the queue in Zunhua County, and our family moved to Tianjin.

At this time, the exact news came: the downtown area of Tangshan is flat! All the houses have collapsed! The intensity of the earthquake is even greater than that of the eastern mining area!

To be sure, the direction of the epicenter is in the west. Li Junhe, I suddenly became nervous. What about Tianjin? Worse? What about our relatives?

We decided to leave for Tianjin early tomorrow morning. Although the road is broken and the bridge is broken, we still have to visit relatives. Get ready tonight.

I don't know when all the educated youth miners living in Tangshan disappeared. They may have gone home. Only educated youth miners living in other places, such as us, came home late.

After a day without eating, Li Jun and I went to the miners' canteen to find food. The dining hall is already broken walls, and the dining hall that can accommodate hundreds of people has collapsed to the end.

We each found a dozen tortillas, and the 300-mile road back to Tianjin depended on them to maintain our physical strength!

At 7 o'clock in the afternoon, a big aftershock, second only to the main shock, suddenly broke out, and everyone sitting on the floor jumped with fear. A three-story building tens of meters away collapsed into a big mound, and the smoke soared into the sky, several times the height of the building!

The tragedy is chilling.

As night fell, we huddled under a bicycle scaffold less than one meter high, endured mosquito bites, and it was stormy outside the shed. We spent a sleepless night ... The next day, just before dawn, Li Jun and I set off. Passing in front of the mine hospital, I saw the wounded and bodies everywhere in the open space the size of a football field. A girl suddenly screamed and cried, "Dad, you died like this! Let the rain pour down all night! " Suddenly, cries broke out in the square.

Li Jun obviously couldn't stand this tragic scene more than I did, so he quickly pulled me away.

On the expressway outside the mining area, Li Jun and I got on a truck. On special occasions, the driver didn't force us to get off. We often dig coal trucks underground. As long as the speed of trucks on the ground is not too fast, they can get up by grabbing the back corner of the car.

The car drove to Tangshan and there was no complete house along the way. Li Junhe I have a heavy heart and am silent.

From the garage to the auspicious bridge in the southeast of Tangshan, the steep river running through the east of Tangshan stands in front of you. A polluted black river flows slowly south, and the bridge deck has collapsed into the water.

The driver listened to our suggestion and walked north along Hedong, where broken walls had a panoramic view, and only the workshop of the cement plant stood alone. When the car passed Tangshan Iron and Steel Plant, several people in white coats were busy in the crowd, including a beautiful girl. This is the first batch of medical staff I found after the earthquake, and I can't help but be in awe.

The garage turned west to Tangshan Second Hospital, where there was an unbroken cement bridge, and we finally crossed the Douhe River.

After seeing the terrible scene in the north of the city, Li Jun changed his mind. He wanted to go to Feng Run County in the northern suburb to visit his sister who cut in line there, so he got off at Diaoyutai.

I continued westbound in the car. When I passed the yard of the earthwork company where Northwest Well once lived, the old scene was gone. I saw my neighbor Zhang Fujie's second sister standing outside the yard. 10 years later, as a mobile reporter of China Consumer News, I made a special trip to Tang to cover the post-earthquake reconstruction and went to my home.

The car is heading for the airport. I got off the bus and prepared to go south. Two female middle school students met. One of them cried and said to the other, "My family are all dead, and I am the only one left!" "

This is the first sentence I heard when I entered Tangshan!

A truck came from behind me and I reached for it. There was an injured woman in her twenties in the carriage, pale and dusty, and her big eyes looked at me in horror.

My chest sank and I suddenly realized my image. Although my height is only 1.75 meters, my bust is 1 10, and my face is tired. I am a savage. I quickly jumped out of the car and said to myself, don't scare the wounded, let's go.

Going south along Xixin Village, I saw a row of wounded people lying on both sides of the road, each with a row of bodies, and on the ruins a little further, there were still people who were not injured.

People's clothes are even more varied. It is not unusual for men to wear skirts and women to wear sheets. When an earthquake happens, it is very important to run for your life. Wear whatever you can from the collapsed house afterwards.

Walking to the swimming pool of Phoenix Mountain Park, a pool of clear water is still there, and a middle-aged man is wiping himself with the pool water. Wow, it's so extravagant. It won't be long before Tangshan people have no water to drink.

I ran along the workers' hospital, crossed the Cultural Palace and arrived at Xishan Pass. This is a beautiful small street in Tangshan, and you can see Japanese-style two-story buildings from time to time. But at this moment, the beautiful scenery of the past no longer exists, only the broken purlin wall is telling the disaster.

Walking, I was suddenly shocked. I have never heard of it before, and I have never dared to think about it. A young woman holding a baby leaned out of a window on the first floor and was killed by a falling stone on the windowsill. ...

The living often have nightmares, and the dead are afraid of all souls!

I trudged out of this street and came to Xishankou Department Store. Suddenly, I found twenty or thirty people kneeling in front of the store, and everything turned out of the store hung around everyone's neck. A middle-aged man with a shirt around his neck pleaded with the armed militia guarding them: "My two children have no clothes to wear. I am not robbing! " The answer to him is shouting.

I leave here quickly, I don't want to see the evil side of human nature.

Traveling to lunan district, where the disaster is serious, is rarely seen even in broken walls, and there are a lot of broken bricks and tiles everywhere.

Southbound along Fuxing Road, when I approached Liutun, I saw Zhao standing on the ruins. He and I went down the well in Fangezhuang Mine, and we used to jump the queue in Zunhua. I also married a beautiful educated youth from Beijing who jumped the queue in the same village.

Ye Zhao, who has always been alert, saw me, and it took him a long time to react: "Our family is gone! I am the only one left. "

This is the last sentence I remember when I walked out of Tangshan City!

Zhao is several years older than me and I don't know how to comfort him. I opened the bag I was carrying, and there were more than a dozen cakes in it. "You must have nothing to eat, we are half." I said.

Zhao insisted that I was afraid I couldn't get to Tianjin, and there was no place to eat at this time. He reluctantly left two.

Out of downtown Tangshan, I quickly rushed to Fengnan County along expressway. On the way, I met a man, two women and three educated youths from Tianjin. They asked me the way back to Tianjin, so we went together. The road in Fengnan is more damaged than that in Tangshan, and there are cracks everywhere. The big one is more than one meter wide and more than ten meters long, so it is difficult for the car to pass. Since I got off the train in the northwest of Tangshan, basically no car has come.

The educated youth were obviously exhausted, so they sat down to rest and took out jam and juice from the village shop for me. It's too sweet for me, and the cake I brought is hard for them to swallow.

I encourage them: Go 20 miles, bypass Fengnan County, there will be other cars coming, and we can get a ride. I know that with them, it will be more difficult for me to walk to Tianjin.

Fengnan Yuan Ye, lush crops, as quiet as ever; Only passing villages were destroyed by the earthquake, and a group of people were seen burying bodies from time to time.

We are struggling to move forward, and the educated youth have shown tenacity beyond gender and age. We finally passed Fengnan County, and they were so tired that they sat on the side of the road.

Finally, a car followed us. We got up and stopped the car, but none of us would stop, not even slowing down. I said, "Don't hide, don't be afraid, there are many drivers who dare not press." But educated youth still dare not.

I had to take them with me and find a section with big cracks, serious damage and sand everywhere. The car has to slow down here. I said, we must stop here, or we must walk back to Tianjin! Educated youth nodded.

After waiting for a long time, a van with a hood came and we got up and stopped it. The car refused to stop, but it was as slow as walking. Two female educated youths begged the driver to let them get on the bus in Tianjin dialect with high frequency. I gave them a push: "What are you talking about? Come on, I'm alone in front." As long as they go up, I will be relaxed.

Someone saw the car in the distance and ran this way. The soldiers in the car shouted at me with red eyes: "We are military vehicles ordered to pull medicine, get out of the way!" All I need is a gun pointed at me.

I estimate that the educated youth has got on the bus and rushed to the back of the car, and only that person has gone up. Two women can't get up with their hands on the fender, and the man is dragging them up.

At this time, military vehicles have begun to accelerate. I can't consider the differences between men and women. Everybody hold their asses with one hand, push them into the car and pick them up by themselves.

The soldiers sitting in the car still want us to get off. I was stunned, and two boys got on the back of the car, which was quite fast.

Soon after, the garage was stopped again. It turned out that the villagers along the way put the wounded across the road and asked for a ride.

The car stopped and stopped, and kept stopping. The car was full of people, hot and smelly.

Finally arrived in Lutai town, it was already afternoon, there was a river crossing the road ahead, and the bridge had already been broken!

I heard that an engineer was coming to build a bridge, so I gave up the idea of swimming there and waited with everyone. Cars on both sides of the river gradually lined up.

How hot it is! From time to time, a truck pulled the body out of Lutai Town and passed in front of us, giving off a sour smell. The earthquake here is also very powerful!

Wait until midnight 12 or so, and the simple bridge can finally pass the bicycle. We packed into the car and looked forward to crossing the river.

Soldiers direct traffic, first release each other's cars, mostly military vehicles, full of relief supplies. It suddenly dawned on me that Tianjin may be less affected than Tangshan, and the epicenter is likely to be behind us.

At 2 o'clock in the morning, we started to cross the bridge here. The people on the bus breathed a sigh of relief and finally could go!

After more than two hours, the bus arrived in Hebei District, Tianjin, and most people got off. Tianjin citizens on the roadside gathered around, and an elder sister greeted us with a pot of porridge: "From Tangshan, have some porridge!" "

My nose hurts. I haven't eaten for over a day!

The military vehicle continued to move forward. Near the Municipal Committee, I got off and walked to my home, Tai 'an Road 1 1. At this time, it is obvious that the damage of houses on both sides of the road is much lighter than that in Tangshan.

But when I walked into 1 1, my heart was pulled up again, and a small two-story building at the door collapsed to the end!

My home is at the innermost part of the yard. I quickly ran over and saw that my house was only tilted in the outer wall and the roof, and my heart was put down. People can't die if the house doesn't collapse.

I found my family on the playground of 59 middle school nearby. It's almost dawn. My brother saw me and said, "Where are you alive?" I said, "I'm alive." My mother brought me half a pot of porridge, and I took a sip of it and lay on the mat on the ground. "Let's talk about it tomorrow." I fell asleep.

I haven't slept for nearly 50 hours!

At 9 o'clock in the morning, I woke up. Several people are waiting for me. They eagerly asked me about Tangshan. They all have relatives and friends there. After all, I am the first person in Tangshan disaster area.

In the next two days, people around me kept asking about the Tangshan earthquake and the safety of their relatives and friends. I repeatedly said, "More than half of the people are alive!"

I settled down at home and decided to go back to the mine without repairing the house. Road and railway passenger and freight vehicles have been shut down. I inquired about the nearby units, found a truck to Tangshan and set foot on the return trip. Tangshan is getting closer and closer. Seen from a distance, the sky is particularly blue. The black hat that once shrouded Tangshan in factory smoke is gone. Only a plane hovered there, and when it got close, it was known that it was spraying drugs.

When the car stopped in lunan district, I turned a corner and saw Liu Zhongyi, an educated youth who jumped the queue in the same village. Zhong Yi and her sister are packing in a simple shed. She said to me: There are only two sisters left in a family of eight. They didn't die because they all cut in line in other counties.

I'm sorry, I stayed with them for a while. Until now, I still have the image of her kind mother and beautiful brother in my mind.

After leaving the Liu family, I took a flying car all the way back to the mine, and I devoted myself to the earthquake relief work that day. However, new disasters are waiting for us-there is no house to live in, our bed is under the high bicycle shed, and there are always more than a dozen mosquitoes in the mosquito net at night.

Eating is even more unsanitary. There are two or three flies on almost every square centimeter of food surface. Don't even think about clean drinking water.

Almost everyone is sick, mostly diarrhea. Not for a few days, high fever, acute dysentery.

I went to the simple shed of the mine hospital to ask for furazolidone, but what I saw really made me sad. Because I was so sick, I don't know who suspected that the miner was sick, so I decided to have a stool check on the spot. I saw the miners who came to see the doctor lined up, taking off their pants one by one, kneeling on the hospital bed, and some people took glass rods and stabbed them into the anus to collect feces.

I turned away angrily. I'd rather not take medicine, get sick pay and be bullied by this personality and body!

The next day, I was lying in bed. I used to be strong and needed something to support me. I simply went on a hunger strike without drinking water, and all the dirty things in my stomach were pulled out. I will get better naturally, I hope my resistance.

Xiao Wang, an educated youth in Beijing, brought me a bottle of water. He said: Don't worry, this is the water filtered by the sandbar I built near the collapse pit and cooked in a lunch box.

Nine years later, I was admitted as a reporter, and I have been to many places and drunk all kinds of drinks, but none of them are as affectionate as this bottle of water! Unfortunately, I don't know where he went later. It's been 30 years, and I have forgotten his name.

After a three-day hunger strike, I feel better. I can stand up and walk slowly without holding anything. I feel like a new person!

People often say: if you survive a disaster, you will be rewarded. In fact, this kind of "post-happiness" means that people become stronger and will not be destroyed by ordinary difficulties.

Things are getting better every day. Although I broke my left foot because of fatigue in the later disaster relief work, after all, the most difficult time has passed.

The miners built a wall around the bicycle shed with broken bricks and divided it into small rooms of more than ten square meters. Zhang Xinwei settled me in and limped into their hut, finally having a shelter from the wind and rain and a fire for the winter. ...

The Tangshan earthquake occurred at 3: 42 a.m. on July 28th, 1976, with a magnitude of 7.8. 240,000 people died in the ruins,160,000 people were seriously injured, and more than 7,000 families stopped smoking!

Several educated youths from Beijing and Tianjin and I have the honor to go to the great disaster with the people of Tangshan: working hard, sending the sick and wounded, caring for each other and helping each other in the same boat; Generous elegy, strong song, nirvana rebirth (like/wood).