MDA details daquan

MDA(ModelDriven Architecture), which can be understood as China Mobile's mobile phone desktop assistant software, is suitable for many mobile phone players. It can also be understood as model-driven architecture, which is a software development framework defined by OMG.

Chinese name: MDA MBTH: Model Driven Architecture Meaning: China Mobile's mobile phone desktop assistant software nature: main features of software development framework, cost, related companies, business scope, received data, related departments, company management, modification approval, model-driven architecture, steps, premise of use, advantages and disadvantages, existing problems, adapters, distributors, malondialdehyde, production principles, determination principles, experimental methods, minimum detectability. Common MDA is usually used in combination with MUA. MDA is the abbreviation of China Mobile Desktop Assistant. It is a software tool launched by China Mobile to improve user service, including SMS, MMS, contact management, phone bill inquiry and other functions. China Mobile Desktop Assistant (MDA) is the latest communication software launched by China Mobile, which integrates powerful functions such as SMS, MMS, contact management, and phone bill inquiry. Provide safe and stable SMS and MMS services; Short message timing sending function; Powerful MMS editing function; Creative MMS text; Simple and fast address book management; Convenient for users to inquire about telephone charges, etc. The mobile desktop assistant liberates you from the mobile terminal through the advantages of personal computer. You don't have to type on your mobile phone one by one, you don't have to worry that the pictures in your mobile phone can't be edited and cut, and you don't have to log on to the website to check the phone bill. Everything is done for you by the mobile phone desktop assistant. China Mobile Desktop Assistant Map 1 China Mobile GSM, M-Zone and Shenzhouxing (excluding Beijing, temporarily closed) users can register to use MDA. Charge MDA client software for free use, without any monthly fee; Text messages: 0. 10 yuan each; Receiving SMS: receiving SMS is free, and the respondent of this SMS is charged according to the SMS tariff standard of mobile brand; Sending ordinary MMS: 0.50 yuan/piece (0.30 yuan/piece in Beijing, Shanxi, Jiangsu and Anhui); Send Fuwa MMS: 0.30 per message. Environment: Chinese Windows 2000/Windows 2003/Windows XP running China's mobile phone desktop assistant Figure 2 The related company MacDonald Detiller of Richmond, British Columbia and its associated company (MDA) 1969 were founded by john mcdonagh and Werner Detiller. MDA is one of the most important Earth observation satellite information companies in the world, providing advanced information solutions, capturing and processing a large amount of data, and improving the decision-making and operational efficiency of commercial departments and institutions. Solutions to transmit a large amount of information: complex operating systems, personalized information services and electronic information products; Business intelligence: data collection, processing and management, information extraction, release and decision-making. It can be used in agriculture, national defense, disaster management, geology, ice, forest, hydrology, wetland monitoring, mapping and so on. Its ground satellite receiving stations for remote sensing data account for more than half of the world and occupy a dominant position in radar satellite projects. Operating information products and services and information system services, it has more than 3,000 employees in the United States, Britain and Canada and more than 600 customers in more than 60 countries. Business scope: air traffic control equipment, flight data management system, meteorological information data processing system, satellite ground station. It mainly provides information solutions for financial services, supervision and intelligence departments. It has branches in the northwest and northeast of the United States, Latin America, Europe/Middle East/Africa, South Asia, Central Asia and Northeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific region. Agent: Jeffrey Morton &; Associates (Queensland, Australia), eSpatial Resources sdn.bhd (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia), SATCOM Technologies (Hyderabad, India), Technologoes France (Provence, France), NIK Insaat Ticaret Ltd. Sti. (Istanbul, Turkey), P.L.A.N.Inc. (California, USA), Nasrat Hussein Civil Engineering Consultant (NHCC) (Beirut, Lebanon) Sales team: North America, Latin America, Europe/Middle East/Africa, South Asia, Central Asia and Northeast Asia, Asia-Pacific region, global aerial survey customers: Western Forest Service of Canada, McElhanney Consulting Company, Canada's Vexcel Company, Canada's Ice and Snow Information Service Center, ConocoPhillips Company, USA's EAST Jeppesen Company, USDA, Denmark Meteorological Association in Europe/Middle East/Africa, Eurovision Company (Italy) used to receive data: RADARSAT -2 (added in 2007), RADARSAT-1, QuickBird, EROS, LANDSAT 5, LANDSAT 7, ENVISAT, RESOURCESAT- 1, IKONOS, ERS, IRS aerial images (optical images, lidar images, tilted aerial images & viewing software, services, GSA schedule) Geospatial services International related departments (1) Expert services: real-time road maps, Illegal fishing and oil dumping tracking, airport disaster mapping, urban land classification, offshore oil reserves detection, land and sea safety monitoring, wetland mapping, natural resources monitoring and management, subsidence mapping, topographic maps and 3D models. General services: fast multilingual user service, 24-hour emergency service and satellite planning, real-time data transmission, rapid internal data processing and product production, training and technology transfer, project management, application of geographic information system and networked decision support tools. MDA owns the exclusive distribution rights of RADARSAT- 1 and RADARSAT-2 in Canada, and will manage RADARSAT-2 launched in the summer of 2007. RADARSAT- 1 Network Station Introduction: Mainly used for near real-time data transmission. Each ground station is connected to the network station after being certified by CSA and RSI, so users can get the latest data information of RADARSAT-1 hour, which has been used for real-time monitoring all over the world. Customers can use this near real-time processing and transmission service to realize illegal fishing, monitoring oil dumping ships, nautical charts, disaster monitoring and mapping. (2) Current tasks of space mission earth observation: RADARSAT -2, RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM), RapidEye Constellation, HERO；; Scientific research and information transmission: CASSIOPE；; Space surveillance: sapphire. Earth observation mission: radar satellite-1; Communications: MSAT, Aloe, Brazil Satellite, alnwick D, alnwick E, Hermes, SBTS；; ; Scientific research: "Islamic State". (3) The employees of MDA Federal Ltd in the United States include foresters, agronomists, ecologists, wildlife scientists, geologists, geographers, meteorologists, computer scientists, physicists and photographers. More than 350 studies have been conducted in forestry, land use, environmental analysis, geographic information system, military, mineral resources exploration and agriculture. Provide weather and agricultural information services to 200,000 customers every day: digital images, environmental geographic information systems, geology, weather and national defense. The company management company is managed by the board of directors, and the company management regulations have been formulated to strengthen management. The Regulations are divided into four parts: audit committee regulations, human resources and remuneration management committee regulations, management and appointment committee regulations, business management and directors' ethics. Recruitment: customer service representative, information system expert, communication expert, international sales, contract management, commodity export, accounting, project management, GIS technicians/experts, technical research; Offers: competitive salary and benefits, registered retirement savings plan, career development opportunities, multicultural environment, social activities initiated by the company. MDA provides users all over the world with basic information solutions needed for decision-making. Employees like challenging careers with growth and learning opportunities. This is an equal opportunity company. The revision and approval refer to the relevant provisions of the Civil Aviation Administration of China. MDA has been applied in the following fields: * banks * insurance * public * * enterprises (especially in the field of financial management) * embedded systems * logistics support systems. As you will see, MDA does play a role in it. The realization of model-driven architecture step MDA mainly focuses on the following three steps: 1 First, you use UML to model your application field in a highly abstract way, which has nothing to do with the technology (or the underlying technology) to realize it. This model is called Platform Independent Model (PIM). PIM will then be converted into one or more platform-dependent models (PSM). This translation process is usually automatic. PSM will use specific implementation technologies to describe your system. It will use various architectures provided by this technology, such as EJB, database model, COM components and so on. Finally, PSM will be translated into source code. This step is usually relatively simple because each PSM is completely dependent on a specific technology. The most difficult step in MDA process is to generate PSM from PIM. It requires you to have rich and solid knowledge of the basic technology you want to apply. On the other hand, the source model (PIM) must have enough information to automatically generate PSM. Generated by template: MDA-light? ! In the practical application of MDA, a simple implementation is through the template (we call it MDA-light). In this way, the platform-related model steps can be said to be skipped, and the source code can be generated directly from the highly abstract PIM. You will continue to do real programming on the basis of MDA-light: you must write detailed application logic in the source code, not UML. It is widely accepted by the industry (even the whole world) that only change is eternal. Technology is always innovating. This is especially obvious in the middleware field, of course, database technology, operating system and even programming language are constantly changing. These technologies are obviously changing faster than applying the basic concepts in this field. * If you work in a specific application field, all projects in this field are similar. The whole application family or different projects belong to the same application domain, so MDA or generation process will be especially suitable for you. Advantages * Your investment in modeling will be more lasting and effective-far longer than the technology you use to realize it. This will be more conducive to protecting your investment. * You have technical flexibility. * You will no longer be affected by the different change cycles of technologies or applications-with the help of MDA, you can maintain diversity in both aspects in a neutral way. Disadvantages * MDA means more "assembly" than "development"-when building PIM for an application, you basically have no technical room for manoeuvre. This is unimaginable for many developers today. * The creativity of software development has weakened. Developers often find it attractive to argue about a new technology and work at the forefront of it. However, under the MDA process, a lot of work is to build models, which is far from the specific technology, but it is in line with OMG's suggestion. * Potential immaturity. UML2.0 is still in its infancy. MDA tools also appeared in a relatively short time. There are many risks hidden in this. Question * Transplantation of data and applications: In the business field, the problem that often needs to be faced is how to transplant a large number of data and applications to a new MDA-based system. Pure MDA process takes data model and database table structure as technical details. They shouldn't have any impact on the platform-independent model (PIM) layer-so, is your MDA tool or generator also responsible for generating repository scripts? * Software maintenance: compiling different release versions, patches or upgrades is an important part of maintaining the currently running programs. How does MDA deal with these problems? Do a new installation at a time? * Return on investment: What kind of environment and system should we start with? From the second item of applying MDA? Or start with the fifth one? * Buy software architecture or develop it independently? * Generators and related tools have developed a dependence on their manufacturers-a dependence that we tried our best to avoid in the past. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI): A high degree of abstraction, which sounds good-but how do you get this abstraction for an already running application system? As you can see-there are many potential practical questions (the answers to these questions are of great significance). These problems are created by us: openMDA multiplex substitution amplification can provide highly uniform and complete whole genome sequence, ensure the lowest site amplification error, and keep the genetic sequence information of the product consistent with the template. It is a real whole genome amplification method. Since 200 1 was put forward by OMG (object management group), MDA has not been vigorously promoted, but major manufacturers are scrambling to follow up, and the topic of MDA has sprung up on the internet in a blink of an eye. In order to realize the grand vision of MDA, OMG has formulated a series of standards: UML:UML is used by MDA to describe various models. It was not born for MDA, but as the most popular modeling language at present, UML has occupied 90% market share in the global modeling language field and has become the de facto standard of modeling language, so it is natural and wise for OMG to take it as the basis of MDA technology. It is the foundation and the most powerful weapon of MDA. MOF: MOF:MOF (Meta-Object Facility Meta-Object Facility) is a higher level abstraction than UML, and its purpose is to describe the extension of UML or other UML-like modeling languages that may appear in the future. This shows OMG's "ambition". Although MOF was not born for MDA, we can appreciate the good intentions and long-term vision of OMG engineers. Xmi: xmi (XML-based metadata exchange) is an XML-based metadata exchange. It defines XML-based data exchange formats for various models through standardized XML document formats and dtd (Document Type Definition). This makes the model as the final product can be transmitted in various tools, which is very important. It ensures that MDA will not be added with a new layer of constraints after breaking one constraint. CWM: CWM (common warehouse metamodel * * * warehouse metamodel) provides a means of data format conversion. CWM can be used to describe the mapping rules between two data models at any model level, such as transforming data entities from relational databases to XML formats. Under the MOF framework, CWM makes a universal data model transformation engine possible. In the blueprint of OMG, a series of standards such as UML, MOF, XMI and CWM have solved the problems of MDA model establishment, model expansion, model exchange and model transformation respectively. OMG tries to expand the application scope of MDA through standardized definition. At the same time, through such an extensible modeling language environment, IT vendors can freely realize their own modeling language and the mapping from language to executable code, but in any case, it must be under the standardized framework of OMG. MDA comes from a well-known idea, that is, separating the specification of system operation from the details of how the system uses the underlying platform functions. MDA provides a way to standardize a platform-independent system, standardize the platform, select a specific implementation platform for the system, and transform the system specification into a specific implementation platform. The three main goals of MDA are portability, interoperability and reusability through architecture separation. In MDA, the software development process is driven by the modeling behavior of the software system. There is not much difference between MDA life cycle and traditional life cycle. The main difference lies in the artifacts created during the development process, including PIM (Platform Independent Model), PSM (Platform Specific Model) and code. PIM is a model with a high level of abstraction, which is independent of any implementation technology. PIM is converted into one or more PSMs. PSM is tailored for specific implementation technologies. For example, EJB PSM is a system model represented by EJB structure. The last step of development is to turn every PSM into code. PSM is closely related to application technology. The traditional development process from model to model, or from model to code, is done by hand. But the transformation of MDA is done automatically by tools. From PIM to PSM, and then from PSM to code, it can be realized by tools. PIM, PSM and code model are regarded as design artifacts in the software development life cycle, and in the traditional development methods, they are documents and charts. Importantly, they represent different levels of abstraction of the system, and we look at our system from different angles, and the ability to convert high-level PIM into PSM improves the level of abstraction. It can make developers understand the overall architecture of the system more clearly, without being "polluted" by specific implementation technologies, and at the same time reduce the workload of developers for complex systems. The emergence of MDA has pointed out a solution to improve the efficiency of software development, enhance the portability, collaborative work ability and maintainability of software, and facilitate the compilation of documents. MDA is predicted by object-oriented technology as the most important methodology in the next two years. The main problem of modeling today is that for many enterprises, it is just an armchair strategist. This causes the problem that the model and code are not synchronized, the code will be constantly modified, the model will not be updated, and the model will lose its meaning. The key to bridge the gap between modeling and development is to turn modeling into an indispensable part of development. MDA is the framework of model-driven development, and the vision of MDA is to define a new method to describe and create the system. MDA makes the use of UML not limited to beautiful pictures. Many experts predict that MDA may lead us into another golden age of software development. Adapter monochrome display adapter IBM used the graphics card of IBM PC in 198 1, which is the earliest display standard of PC. It adopts a character window with 9x 14 lattice, and displays 80 columns of x25 characters in full screen, corresponding to the highest resolution of 720x350 pixels. Dealer Australia MDA Group is a new dealer in Australia, including foreign exchange, gold, energy, options and so on. And provide a fair, safe and extensive online trading system for individual investors, institutional investors and currency transaction managers. English name of malondialdehyde: malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde; MDA

Abbreviation: MDA

Molecular formula OHC-CH2-CHO

Molecular weight 72.0634

Colorless needle-like crystal, melting point 72 ~ 74℃, usually contains two crystal waters. The anhydrous substance can be obtained by vacuum drying at 60℃, which is easy to deliquesce. Pure malondialdehyde is stable under neutral conditions and unstable under acidic conditions.

It is formed by condensation of acetaldehyde and ethyl formate under the action of alkali, and can be sublimated and refined under high vacuum. Mainly used as pharmaceutical intermediates and raw materials of photosensitive pigments. It is incompatible with protein and potentially carcinogenic.

In vivo, free radicals act on lipids to undergo peroxidation, and the final product of oxidation is malondialdehyde, which will cause cross-linking polymerization of life macromolecules such as protein and nucleic acid, and has cytotoxicity. Malondialdehyde, the end product of lipid peroxidation, affects the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and key enzymes in mitochondria in vitro. English name is Malondialdehyde, abbreviated as MDA. Principle of production The organism produces oxygen free radicals through enzyme system and non-enzyme system, which can attack polyunsaturated fatty acids in biofilm and trigger lipid peroxidation, thus forming lipid peroxide. Such as aldehyde group (malondialdehyde MDA), ketone group, hydroxyl group, carbonyl group, hydroperoxy group or endoperoxy group, and new oxygen free radicals. Lipid peroxidation not only converts reactive oxygen species into active chemical substances, that is, non-free radical decomposition products, but also amplifies the effect of reactive oxygen species through chain-like or chain-like chain reactions. Therefore, the initial reactive oxygen species can lead to the formation of a variety of decomposition products, some of which are harmless, while others can cause cell metabolism and dysfunction, and even death. Oxygen free radicals can not only cause cell damage through the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in biofilm, but also through the decomposition products of a large number of hydroperoxide. Therefore, the determination of MDA can often reflect the degree of lipid peroxidation in the body and indirectly reflect the degree of cell damage. The determination principle is that malondialdehyde can react with 2- thiobarbituric acid (TBA) at high temperature and acidic environment to produce reddish-brown products 3,5,5 &; Acute; Trimethyl oxazole 2,4-dione (trimethylchuan), which has an absorption peak at 532nm and a small light absorption at 660nm. According to its extinction value of 532nm, the content of malondialdehyde in the solution can be calculated. Schematic diagram of experimental principle Experimental method 1. Experimental Reagent MDA Kit (50T) (Nanjing Chengjian Institute of Bioengineering); Anhydrous ethanol (Beijing Beihua Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., analytically pure); Glacial acetic acid (Beijing Beihua Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., analytically pure); EDTA (Beijing Bairdi Biological Company); Na2S2O5 (Beijing Bairdi Biological Company); PCA (Beijing Beihua Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., analytical purity); The experimental water is 18.2 mω triple distilled water. 2. Kit reagent 1: liquid 10mL, stored at room temperature and directly applicable; Reagent 2: 6mL liquid, add 170mL triple distilled water and mix well for later use; Reagent 3: Powder: Pour 50T MDA3 powder of 1 tablet into a beaker, add 32ml of 90 ~100℃ hot distilled water, fully dissolve (properly heat it when dissolving), add 30mL of glacial acetic acid after cooling, and mix well. The prepared mother liquor can be stored at -4℃. When in use, the prepared reagent is diluted with 50% glacial acetic acid according to the ratio of 2:1,and the product is obtained. Standard: 10nmol/mL tetraethoxy propane 5mL. 3. Experimental instrument spectrophotometer; Precision electronic balance; Desktop freezing high-speed centrifugation; Ultrasonic cell crusher; Constant temperature water bath pot or induction cooker. 4. Experimental method (1) Take the tissue sample to be tested; (3) Weighing the tissue sample to be tested according to the ratio of 1 mg: 5&; Microscopic; L, adding 0.4mol/L PCA solution; (4) According to tissue weight1mg:14&; Microscopic; L, adding 0.86% NaCl solution; (5) ultrasonically homogenizing the tissue after cutting, and uniformly mixing with a vortex mixer; (6) Add each reagent in the kit according to table [1]; (7) evenly mixing the sample with a vortex mixer, punching a small hole in the centrifugal tube cover, and boiling in a boiling water bath for 65438+/-0h; ; (8) After the reaction, cool at room temperature, centrifuge at 65438 05000 g for 65438±00min, and take the supernatant for absorbance determination; (9) Take distilled water as a blank control, measure the absorbance value of each sample at 532nm and the optical diameter is 65438±0cm, and bring it into the MDA content calculation formula to calculate the MDA content in each sample, thus indirectly reflecting the degree of oxidative stress of each sample (if the protein content in the measuring tube is not high, a standard blank tube can be used instead of measuring the absorbance value of the blank tube). According to the calculation formula of MDA content in tissue, the experimental chart results are analyzed: the MDA content in the tissue sample to be tested is calculated through MDA experiment. The minimum detectable activity is applied to the fields of radionuclide verification and environmental radioactivity monitoring. When the radioactive level of the nuclide of interest is lower than the statistical fluctuation of the background, it is usually necessary to report the minimum detectable activity MDA of the nuclide. Minimum detectable radioactivity ≠ Minimum detectable radioactivity civil aviation abbreviation modification design approval: modification design approval (MDA)