What did Hua Tuo invent?

Mafeisan uses some narcotic drugs as anesthetics, which were used before Hua Tuo. However, they are either used for war, assassination or manipulation, but they are not really used for surgery. Hua Tuo summarized his experience in this field and observed people's sleep state when they were drunk. He invented the anesthesia of taking hemp powder with wine, which was formally used in medicine, thus greatly improving the technology and curative effect of surgical operation and expanding the scope of surgical treatment. According to the research of Japanese surgeon Huagang Qingzhou, Mafeisan consists of one liter of Datura flower, four yuan each for Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae and Rhizoma Chuanxiong, and one yuan for fried Rhizoma Arisaematis. Since the introduction of anesthesia, Huatuo's surgery has become more complicated and more patients have been cured. When he was treating abdominal diseases that could not be cured by acupuncture and decoction, he told the patient to take leprosy powder with wine first, and when the patient lost consciousness after anesthesia, he asked the surgeon to cut open his abdomen and back and cut off the diseased part. If the disease is in the stomach and intestines, cut it open and wash it, then sew it up and apply ointment. The wound will be cured in four or five days, and it will be cured in a month or so. At that time, Hua Tuo was able to perform surgical operations such as tumor resection and gastrointestinal suture. Once, a patient was pushing a cart, bending his feet and shouting that he had a stomachache. Soon, the breathing was weak and the voice of pain gradually faded. Hua tuo pressed his pulse on his abdomen and concluded that the patient was suffering from intestinal carbuncle. Because of his dangerous condition, Hua Tuo immediately gave the patient "Ma Feisan" with wine and gave him a knife after anesthesia. After treatment, the patient recovered in about one month. His surgery has been highly praised by generations. Chen Jiamo's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty quoted a poem from Tu Zan, a famous doctor in the past dynasties, as saying: "Wei set up a sore department to cure diseases by removing bones, which has many miraculous effects." Hua tuo's medical skill is superb. He pioneered general anesthesia surgery and was called "the originator of surgery" by later generations. He is not only proficient in prescription science, but also admirable in acupuncture. Every time he uses moxibustion, as long as he takes one or two acupoints and moxibustion for seven or eight times, he will get well. When acupuncture is used, only one or two acupoints are used to tell the patient where the acupuncture sensation will reach. Then after the needle touched the place he said, the patient said, "Here we are." He pulled out the needle and recovered immediately. In addition, he created Jiaji point, "... dozens of points on the back, one inch or five inches apart ... moxibustion points clip the spine one inch up and down". If the pathogenic factors stagnate in the body and acupuncture and drugs cannot be directly realized, he will use surgery to get rid of the patient. The "Ma Fei San" he used was the earliest anesthetic in the history of the world. Hua tuo used "Ma Fei San" to perform abdominal surgery, which pioneered general anesthesia surgery. This kind of general anesthesia operation is unprecedented in the medical history of our country and rare in the medical history of the world. Wuqinxi also made an important contribution to medical sports, and founded the famous Wuqinxi. Hua tuo is also good at using psychotherapy to treat diseases. Hua Tuo is also an expert who can treat diseases with psychotherapy. Once, a satrap asked him to see a doctor. Hua tuo thought that after his great anger, his illness would be cured. So he accepted a lot of property, but didn't give him a good doctor. He soon abandoned him and left a letter to scold him. The satrap is furious and makes people chase him. His son knew the truth and quietly stopped the pursuer. Under extreme resentment, the satrap vomited a few liters of black blood and soon recovered. He created the "Five Animals Play", imitating the shapes, movements and demeanor of five animals to stretch the bones and muscles and dredge the meridians. Five birds, namely tiger, deer, bear, ape and bird, can make hands and feet flexible and blood vessels unobstructed, and can also prevent and treat diseases. His student Upp Sang uses this method to keep fit. When he was 90 years old, he was still hearing and seeing, and his teeth were clenched. Wuqinxi is a set of medical gymnastics that can stretch all muscles and joints. Hua tuo believes that "the human body has to work, ... blood circulates, and diseases cannot be born, such as Hu Shu, and will never die." The action of Wuqinxi is to imitate the flapping forelimbs of tigers, the stretching of deer's head and neck, the collapse of bears, the vertical jumping of apes' toes, the spreading of birds' wings and so on. According to legend, when Hua Tuo was in Xuchang (county name, in Henan Province), he instructed many thin people to do this gymnastics in the open space every day. He said: "You can exercise regularly to get rid of diseases and benefit your feet and feet as a guide. If the body is unhappy, it will play the role of a bird, happy and sweaty. Because of the powder, I am light and hungry. " Hua tuo's medical skills are said to have all been burned out. However, his academic thoughts have not completely died out, especially Hua Tuo's research on traditional Chinese medicine. Except Ma Feisan and other famous prescriptions, all the prescriptions of Hua Tuo recorded in later medical books cannot be regarded as the name of Hua Tuo (Nie Wentao) in disguise. His disciple Upp is a famous pharmacist. Many contents of Upp Materia Medica can be found in later medical books. Hua Tuo is one of the few outstanding surgeons in the medical history of China. Good at anesthesia, acupuncture and chest surgery. The surgical method is not the mainstream treatment method of traditional Chinese medicine based on the culture of "respecting Confucianism". Under the Confucian thought of "the strength of the body is what parents receive", surgery has not developed on a large scale in Chinese medicine. Some medical historians have verified that the treatment methods used by Hua Tuo were recorded in Indian medicine, and the main medicine "Datura flower" in Ma Fei San he used was also produced in India, so they suggested that Hua Tuo had traveled all over the Central Plains all his life, probably from India. This statement has certain reference value. As early as the Han Dynasty, Chinese medicine surgery had reached a fairly high level. However, with the passage of time and the continuous progress of the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine, most diseases can be cured by acupuncture, drugs and other treatments, and these painful, severe injuries and broken meridians are gradually replaced by more civilized and simple internal treatment methods. Under this condition, Chinese medicine has also made great progress, and many other medicines have to admit that it is beyond science and the theory is exquisite and profound.