What is the working principle of the generator?

1, a machine that converts mechanical energy into direct current energy.

2. DC motors mainly used for DC motors, electrolysis, electroplating, electrofusion, charging and generator excitation. Although power rectifier components are also used to convert alternating current into direct current where direct current is needed, DC motors cannot be compared with alternators in convenience of use, reliability of operation and some working performance.

1, working principle

The working mode of DC motor when the generator is running is as shown in the figure. In the figure, a DC load is externally connected between brushes A and B, and the motor is driven by the prime mover to rotate counterclockwise. At the instant shown in the figure, the induced potential direction of element side ab is from B to A, the induced potential direction of element side cd is from D to C, the direction of current ia in element is from B brush to D → C → B → A brush, and element sides ab and cd generate electromagnetic force F. The electromagnetic force F acting on the tangential direction of armature circumference will generate electromagnetic torque Tem, which is clockwise and opposite to the motor rotation direction. After rotating the 180 position, the direction of current ia in the element is B brush →a→b→c→d→A brush, while the direction of current I in the external circuit remains unchanged, and the Tem direction of the generated electromagnetic torque is still clockwise.

2. Working mode

As can be seen from the above analysis, DC motor has the following characteristics when used as a generator:

(1) The current ia flowing in each armature coil is alternating current, and the induced potential e generated is also alternating current.

(2) There is a DC potential between the brushes, and the induced electromotive force E and the current ia in the element are in the same direction.

(3) The magnetic field generated by armature current is also fixed in space.

(4)n, contrary to the electromagnetic torque Tem, plays a braking role.