How to strengthen the safety management of residential elevators

First, the current situation and potential crisis of residential elevators

1. The number of complaints reported is increasing year by year.

With the sharp increase in the number of residential elevators, in recent years, the Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision has received more and more reports and complaints about elevators, most of which involve residential elevators, and they are on the rise year by year. The main complaints include: accidents, customs failures, unstable operation control system, invalid alarm calls, etc.

2. Improper selection has buried hidden dangers.

Some real estate developers only consider reducing costs when choosing elevators, but do not comply with relevant specifications. In order to save costs, elevators are often set less, resulting in insufficient elevator capacity, frequent use and irregular maintenance, which brings many security risks to the owners' safe travel.

3. The equipment itself has inherent hidden dangers.

Due to the increasingly fierce competition in the manufacturing and installation market of residential elevators, some elevator manufacturers cut corners on materials to reduce costs. These elevators have poor performance and high failure rate. Elevator installation can be regarded as a continuation of manufacturing, and the quality of elevator installation is equally important. Due to the expansion of elevator market demand in recent years, the number of elevators to be installed has increased sharply, and the installation capacity of elevator manufacturers' own installation teams is not enough, so they are subcontracted to other elevator installation teams, or even to elevator installation teams or individuals without license qualifications. Subcontracting at different levels leads to meager installation profit, lagging installation management and declining installation quality. Another reason for the poor quality of elevator installation is that the quality of elevator installers is not high, because there is a shortage of elevator installers, and some installation teams hire untrained personnel to install them.

4. The safety hazards of elevators in old communities are prominent.

According to the survey and statistics, residential elevators with high failure rate are mostly concentrated in old elevators with service life exceeding 10 years and some residential areas with chaotic management due to congenital problems. On the one hand, the old residential elevators that have been used for more than 10 years are all early products, with low equipment grade, poor quality and serious aging, and have entered a period of frequent failures; On the other hand, due to lack of funds, elevator maintenance is abnormal, and even forced to run "with illness", resulting in frequent failures and poor safe operation. At present, there is no clear stipulation on the mandatory retirement age of elevators in China. Some elevators put into use in the early days can no longer meet the requirements of the current safety technical specifications after years of use, and should be reformed or updated. However, due to financial factors, they can not be reformed or updated in time, and the safety hazards are more prominent.

5. There are still many problems in the implementation of the safety responsibility system.

First, there are still a few owners or property management departments who ignore safety in elevator use management, and there are problems such as failing to establish elevator safety management system, emergency rescue plan and emergency rescue measures as required, failing to declare annual inspection on time, and managers taking up their posts without certificates; Second, due to the maintenance costs of some newly delivered residential quarters, the management responsibilities among developers, owners and others are still unclear. Third, due to the complex property rights of some houses, it is difficult to implement the main responsibility of residential elevators.

6. The elevator maintenance market still needs to be further standardized.

According to the safety supervision and inspection, most elevator users in residential buildings have signed daily maintenance contracts with professional maintenance units as required. However, some elevator maintenance units or maintenance personnel collude with the property, sign false maintenance contracts, fail to carry out daily maintenance according to the requirements of safety technical specifications and quality assurance system, engage in malicious low-price competition, disrupt the maintenance market and affect the quality of elevator maintenance.

7. The safe use knowledge of residential elevator users is relatively lacking.

Elevator users are relatively lack of elevator safety education, some users don't care about elevators, and it is not uncommon to use elevators improperly when decorating houses and carrying furniture. The external call device, internal control device, hall door and car door of residential elevator are damaged more. These behaviors objectively accelerate the wear and tear of elevators, increase the maintenance funds, and often cause elevator failures, people trapped, elevator parts damaged and other consequences.

8. The funding problem of residential elevator maintenance and renovation has become the bottleneck of elevator management.

The capital problem of residential elevator maintenance and reconstruction is the key problem affecting its use. There are two parts of funds for residential elevators: one part is the elevator operation service fee for elevator residential buildings, which is mainly used for daily elevator maintenance and elevator electricity expenses. The second is the elevator renovation cost, which comes from the public maintenance fund. According to the regulations of property fees in ordinary residential quarters, elevator fees are only charged to the owners. Property management companies have to face many owners directly, so there are many difficulties. The renovation and renewal of elevators need to use public maintenance funds, but the actual operation is very difficult. It is even more difficult for some old communities to find public maintenance funds because of the complex property rights.

Second, suggestions on strengthening the safety management of residential elevators

1. Carry out standardized management in an all-round way and earnestly implement the main responsibility of user safety.

On the one hand, due to the large number and wide distribution of special equipment, the supervision power is relatively weak. On the other hand, although the regulatory authorities can eliminate a large number of potential safety hazards through special rectification and on-site safety supervision, the most important thing is to start from the source and enhance the safety awareness of enterprises. Carrying out standardized management in an all-round way is an effective means to implement the main responsibility of safety of residential property management institutions, which can help and guide residential property management institutions to strengthen the safety management of residential elevators, improve the management status of residential elevators and improve the overall management level of residential elevators. Therefore, the elevator supervision department can consider innovative management methods and formulate management requirements and evaluation standards for the use of residential elevators. The formulation of standards should be based on the existing elevator-related laws and regulations and safety technical specifications, and integrate modern safety management concepts, and put forward standardized evaluation methods for the safe use of residential elevators.

2. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of elevator daily maintenance quality.

The daily maintenance quality of elevator is an important guarantee for the safe use of elevator. We can urge relevant units to improve the quality of elevator daily maintenance from the following aspects: First, strengthen the supervision and inspection of elevator daily maintenance units, and urge them to carry out maintenance according to the requirements of safety technical specifications and quality assurance system. Second, carry out in-depth investigation and management of hidden dangers, in order to do a good job in the investigation and management of hidden dangers in elevators and ensure the safe operation of elevators. Third, work together with the Municipal Construction Committee, the Real Estate Bureau, the Municipal Property Management Office and other departments to strengthen the supervision and management of property companies and standardize the bidding selection and daily supervision of maintenance units by property companies.

3. Solve the bottleneck of residential elevator maintenance funds.

First of all, talk about elevator operating costs. First, according to the property law, the ownership of elevators should be owned by the owners. Of course, the collection of elevator fees should be shared by all elevator owners. Second, the way to collect elevator fees can be clearly defined in the owners' convention. The third is to raise the owner's awareness of the maintenance of the * * * parts of the property and facilities and equipment through publicity. Let me talk about the use of public maintenance funds. Because the collection, management and use of public maintenance funds are opaque, this part of maintenance funds is rarely used for decoration or renewal, so it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of the whereabouts of housing maintenance funds.

4. Accelerate the investigation of hidden dangers of old elevators.

To completely eliminate the safety hazards of old elevators requires the joint efforts of governments at all levels, relevant departments, property rights units, property management departments and the general public. The difficulty is the problem of funds and the person in charge. Raise funds flexibly, and complete the elevator transformation of old houses over 10. For residential houses that pay public maintenance funds, funds can be extracted from public maintenance funds or operating their own parking lots; For the situation that the payment of public maintenance fund is seriously insufficient, while coordinating and supervising the continuous raising of public maintenance fund, the government can coordinate relevant units to implement funds for transition and gradually upgrade and transform old elevators in stages and types; For houses that have not paid the public maintenance fund, it is suggested that the owners, property departments and government departments negotiate to solve them. For the future residential elevators, we can consider setting up a special elevator renovation fund.

5. Strengthen the publicity of elevator knowledge and improve the safety awareness of all employees.

Popularize elevator knowledge and let people strengthen their understanding of elevators. We should make full use of the annual "3. 15" publicity day and "Safety Month" publicity activities to publicize elevator related laws and regulations and elevator safety knowledge. Promote elevator safety knowledge into campus, community and other activity carriers, and widely publicize elevator safety knowledge through TV stations, newspapers and other columns that people pay more attention to, so as to reduce unsafe behaviors in elevator use and correctly deal with elevator sudden failures.

6. Use advanced science and technology to improve management methods.

With the development of computer control technology and network communication technology, elevator remote monitoring technology is a new technology for centralized remote monitoring of running elevators, and it is the frontier technology in elevator management field at present. The elevator in the network can be monitored 24 hours a day, the running state of the elevator can be analyzed and recorded in real time, and the elevator failure rate can be automatically counted according to the failure records. The significance of realizing remote monitoring of residential elevators lies in: firstly, elevator manufacturers and maintenance units can timely and accurately understand the operation of elevators under their jurisdiction and eliminate hidden dangers of residential elevators in time. On the other hand, our elevator supervision department and inspection unit can effectively supervise the elevator status and the work quality of maintenance units through it, and provide reliable basis for annual inspection. It is a brand-new elevator management mode and the only way to modernize elevator operation management.