China geological environment monitoring institute

National geological environment monitoring capacity building

National geological environment monitoring capacity building

China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute is a national geological environment monitoring institution directly under the China Geological Survey. It is mainly responsible for the construction, operation and management of the national geological environment monitoring network, monitoring, forecasting, early warning and related investigations and studies of geological disasters, and carrying out information construction and services of hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology.

I. Evolution, responsibilities and tasks of JIU

1974, according to the instructions of Premier Zhou Enlai, the State Council and the Central Military Commission issued an order to reorganize and expand the 307th Corps of Engineers in shenyang military area command, the 12 Corps of Engineers in Lanzhou Air Force and the1/4 Corps of Engineers in the Second Artillery Corps, and to transfer some technical backbones from the provincial geological bureaus to form "Infrastructure".

From left to right: Chief Engineer Li, Party Secretary Kang Zhan, Dean and Deputy Secretary of Party Committee Hou Jinwu, Vice President Tian Tingshan, Deputy Secretary of Party Committee and Secretary of Discipline Inspection Commission Xu.

1978, with the approval of the Central Military Commission, the Infrastructure Corps of Engineers set up the "Hydrogeological Command of Infrastructure Corps of Engineers" (corps-level establishment, the predecessor of the headquarters of the Institute) to centrally command the hydrogeologic reconnaissance troops and directly lead the three detachments and their subordinates 15 regiment. The business technology is under the jurisdiction of the Hydrogeological Engineering Geology Bureau of the former Ministry of Geology. It is mainly responsible for the hydrogeological investigation of 6.5438+0.98 million km2 in China's plateau, forest-covered areas, desert hinterland and remote areas.

1983, according to the order of the Central Military Commission to cancel the railway corps and the infrastructure engineering corps, the hydrogeological investigation unit was cancelled and formed as the "Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Command of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources", which was directly under the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, and consisted of three hydrogeologic engineering geological centers (Hohhot Center, Lanzhou Center and Chengdu Center) and five hydrogeologic engineering geological brigades (904, 906, 908 and 908) The main task is to continue to complete the hydrogeological engineering geological survey in remote areas, undertake some inter-provincial and inter-basin hydrogeological engineering geological exploration work, and find water and drill wells in arid and water-deficient areas.

1988165438+10, the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources decided to establish "China Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Exploration Institute" under the brand of "National Geological Environment Monitoring Station", which was directly under the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources to manage the original three hydrogeological engineering geological centers, five hydrogeological engineering geological brigades and the Ministry's hydrogeological engineering geological technology methods. Mainly engaged in hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology exploration and evaluation, undertake environmental geology research and technical methods research tasks.

199965438+February, the Ministry of Land and Resources decided to merge the China Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Exploration Institute, the Office of the National Geological Environment Monitoring Station, the Ministry of Environmental Geology Research Institute and other institutions to form the National Geological Environment Monitoring Station, which is directly under the Ministry of Land and Resources. In August 2000, it was renamed "China Institute of Geological Environment Monitoring". In March 2003, with the approval of the Ministry of Land and Resources, two new brands were added, namely "China Groundwater Information Center" and "China International Groundwater Model Center".

On June 5438+ 10, 2005, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the Decision on Further Defining the Responsibilities of China Geological Survey, and China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute was changed from a directly affiliated institution of the Ministry of Land and Resources to a directly affiliated institution of China Geological Survey. June 5438+October 2007 10, China Geological Survey released the "Three Definitions" plan of China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, which defined the main responsibilities and tasks of China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute from nine aspects:

1. Undertake the construction, operation and management of the national geological environment monitoring network;

2 to undertake the investigation, evaluation, monitoring and comprehensive research of geological disasters, carry out the national early warning and prediction of geological disasters, and provide technical support and services for the emergency disposal of geological disasters;

3 to carry out national groundwater monitoring, undertake the investigation, evaluation and comprehensive research of groundwater resources and environment, mine environment and geothermal;

4 to carry out the construction and service of hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology information, and undertake the reception, summary, analysis, processing and comprehensive research of national geological environment monitoring data;

5. Carry out relevant geological science and technology research and international exchanges and cooperation;

6 to carry out geological environment investigation, evaluation and monitoring of the popularization and application of new technologies and methods;

7. Developing scientific and technological development, technical services and management;

8. Entrusted by the Bureau to provide operational guidance for provincial geological environment monitoring;

9. Undertake other tasks assigned by the Ministry of Land and Resources and China Geological Survey.

Second, the internal structure and personnel

(1) internal organization

China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute has 2 institutions1unit, including 6 comprehensive management departments, 2 technical business departments1unit and 3 other departments. The comprehensive management department includes office, financial assets department, foreign affairs department of geological prospecting science and technology, technical equipment department, personnel education department and party Committee office (discipline inspection and supervision audit room); Technical business departments include comprehensive research room, geological disaster investigation and monitoring room, geological disaster early warning and forecasting room, groundwater investigation and monitoring room, mine environment and land improvement room, environmental geological investigation and evaluation room, information network room, periodical editing room, scientific and technological information reference room, Three Gorges geological disaster monitoring room, geological disaster prevention room and geological environment consultation and evaluation room. Other departments include retirement management office, logistics service center (property management department, outpatient department) and Xifeng Temple training center.

(ii) Personnel situation

By the end of 2008, China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute had a staff of 179. Technical secondary school education or above 164 people, including 26 doctors, 39 masters and 69 undergraduates. Qualification of various professional and technical positions 168 people, including 40 professors and 46 senior engineers. Four experts enjoy special allowances from the State Council.

Organization establishment of China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute

Three. Major achievements and services

Over the past 30 years, China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute has completed nearly 1,000 investigation (exploration) monitoring tasks in the field of water conservancy and environmental geology and more than 50 national and ministerial-level key scientific and technological projects, and has achieved a large number of important achievements, of which more than 200 achievements have won scientific and technological achievement awards from the State, the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources and the Ministry of Land and Resources, which has played an important role in sustainable economic and social development and government decision-making.

During the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" to the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, the regional hydrogeology survey covering an area of nearly13 was completed, and the "groundwater resources guarantee degree and environmental geology demonstration in key areas and important cities in China" was first completed, and dozens of large-scale groundwater centralized water supply source exploration, site selection demonstration of major projects in many countries and geological disaster risk assessment were undertaken. The first generation environmental geological map system of China and the atlas of geological disasters in different provinces were studied and compiled, which undertook the comprehensive exploration and treatment of dangerous rock mass and Huanglashi landslide in Lianziya of the Yangtze River, creating a precedent for the prevention and control of major geological disasters in China.

Since the implementation of 1999 land and resources survey, major projects such as "National1:500,000 environmental geological survey and comprehensive research", "National mine geological environment survey and evaluation", "County (city) geological disaster survey and zoning", "Land subsidence survey and monitoring and comprehensive research in North China" and a new round of "National groundwater resources evaluation" have been organized. Organized and implemented the national geological environment monitoring and forecasting project, took the lead in launching the national meteorological early warning and forecasting of geological disasters, and carried out the construction of the national groundwater monitoring demonstration zone and the national geological disaster monitoring and early warning demonstration zone; Completed the informatization project represented by "1:200,000 National Hydrogeological Map Spatial Database Construction" and achieved a number of influential results. The achievements and services obtained since 1999 mainly include the following aspects:

(1) Investigation, monitoring and early warning of geological disasters

Organized and completed the1:500,000 national environmental geological survey and comprehensive study, which mainly focused on geological disasters, and basically found out the geological environment of the land area, providing an important basis for the national macro-decision.

National1:500,000 environmental geological survey results

Organized the investigation, zoning and comprehensive study of geological disasters in 1640 counties (cities) in China, systematically summarized the distribution characteristics and regional distribution laws of geological disasters in China, and comprehensively demonstrated the present situation and development trend of geological disasters in China. Assisted local governments to establish a network system of monitoring and prevention of geological disasters at the county, township and village levels, which provided important basic support for the decision-making of disaster prevention and reduction of governments at all levels.

Research on meteorological early warning technology and method of geological disasters. In 2003, the national meteorological early warning and forecasting of geological disasters was launched, and it was popularized in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and some prefecture-level cities and counties (autonomous regions and municipalities) in mountainous areas and hills, which improved the awareness of local governments and the broad masses of the people on disaster prevention and mitigation, greatly promoted the prevention and control of geological disasters in China, and achieved obvious disaster prevention and mitigation effects.

On April 7, 2003, the Ministry of Land and Resources and the China Meteorological Bureau signed the Agreement on Joint Meteorological Forecast and Early Warning of Geological Disasters.

CCTV released geological disaster forecast and early warning information.

On the basis of detailed investigation of geological disasters, the construction of qualitative disaster monitoring and early warning demonstration zones such as Ya 'an in Sichuan and Ailao Mountain in Yunnan was carried out, and remote sensing monitoring and demonstration of geological disasters were carried out in typical low mountain and hilly areas in southern China and loess areas in northern Shaanxi, which provided technical support and demonstration for real-time monitoring and early warning of geological disasters.

Multi-parameter real-time monitoring of Xiakou landslide in Ya 'an, Sichuan based on Beidou communication satellite system.

Displacement monitoring of geological disaster monitoring and early warning demonstration area in Ailao Mountain

Geological disaster monitoring point signboard

Based on the investigation and zoning of geological disasters in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area 19 counties (districts), the spatial evaluation and early warning model of geological disasters in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area based on MapGIS was established, and the monitoring and early warning network of geological disasters in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was constructed, which provided an important basis for the prevention and control of geological disasters in the reservoir area and achieved obvious disaster prevention and mitigation effects.

Monitoring and Early Warning Network of Geological Hazards in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Every year, before, during and after the flood season, the provincial geological environment monitoring stations (hospitals and centers) are entrusted to conduct daily inspections and investigations on the hidden dangers of major geological disasters in the country, providing reference for government departments to deploy geological disaster prevention and control work in a targeted manner. Collect dynamic data of geological disasters in time, analyze and summarize geological disasters regularly, write quarterly, semi-annual and annual reports and major geological disaster reports, and publish national geological disaster bulletins through the Internet to reflect geological disasters in a timely manner.

The investigation and monitoring of land subsidence in North China Plain were organized, and a monitoring network with groundwater monitoring holes, pore water pressure holes, bedrock markers, layered markers, GPS reference stations and GPS observation piers as the main body was established, which initially realized the effective monitoring of land subsidence in North China Plain.

Annual geological disaster situation analysis chart

Geological hazard risk assessment, geological hazard prevention and control engineering exploration and design of dozens of national major projects such as west-to-east gas transmission have been completed. It is estimated that the total length of oil and gas pipelines is about 42,000 kilometers. Research on monitoring and early warning of geological disasters in key sections of major oil and gas pipeline projects has been carried out, which has provided strong technical support for disaster prevention and mitigation of major national oil and gas pipeline projects.

(2) Investigation and monitoring of groundwater

Assist the Geological Environment Department of the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences to complete a new round of national groundwater resources evaluation, find out the national groundwater resources and environmental conditions, and provide an important basis for the macro planning, management, rational development and utilization of national water resources and ecological environment construction.

With the support of the Sino-Dutch cooperation project "Capacity Building of China Groundwater Information Center", three national-level groundwater monitoring demonstration zones have been built, namely, Beijing Plain, Urumqi River Basin in Xinjiang and Jinan Karst Spring Area in Shandong, and good results have been achieved. A set of technical methods suitable for China's national conditions has been formed in the aspects of optimal design of water level and water quality monitoring network, protection of monitoring facilities, automatic collection and transmission of monitoring data, management and real-time release of monitoring information, which has provided a demonstration for groundwater monitoring in similar areas in China and laid a technical foundation for promoting the modernization of groundwater monitoring, information management and release in China.

The investigation and evaluation of groundwater dynamics in North China Plain have been carried out, and the investigation and evaluation of groundwater dynamics in major plains (basins) in North China are being organized.

Generalization diagram of boundary conditions in study area

Numerical model profile of groundwater in North China Plain (first floor)

Zoning map of permeability coefficient of shallow aquifer

Zoning map of water release rate of deep aquifer

Entrust provincial geological environment monitoring stations (institutes and centers) to complete the long-term (routine) monitoring tasks of national groundwater monitoring points all the year round, and maintain the continuity of monitoring data. According to the national groundwater monitoring data, combined with the groundwater monitoring data of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), the national groundwater situation is analyzed every year, and the groundwater dynamic bulletin of major cities and regions in China is compiled year by year, which fully reflects the overall changes of groundwater level and water quality in the country and provides technical support for the national groundwater macro-management.

Monitoring hole protection device in groundwater monitoring demonstration area

Automatic monitoring and transmission equipment for groundwater monitoring demonstration area

National geological environment monitoring capacity building

Annual groundwater dynamic analysis results

(3) Investigation and monitoring of mine geological environment

The investigation and evaluation of mine geological environment in all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) have been completed. * * * There is 1 1729 1 mine with an area of 58 19000 hm2. The present situation of mine geological environment in China has been basically found out, and the main problems and hazards of mine geological environment in China have been found out, which is for the protection and restoration of mine geological environment in China.

Field investigation of mine geological environment

The investigation of mine geological environment in Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province was completed, and the national demonstration of dynamic evaluation and monitoring of mine geological environment was launched, which laid the foundation for gradually realizing the transformation from static management of mine geological environment to dynamic monitoring.

Investigation and evaluation results of mine geological environment

(D) Geological environment information construction

Organized and completed the digitization of 7 national 1: 200,000 regional hydrogeologic maps1,01,and built the spatial database of national regional hydrogeologic maps. The completion of this database is an important milestone in the informatization construction of hydrogeology and geological survey in China, which will play an important role in the development of China's land, the construction and protection of ecological environment and the construction of new socialist countryside.

A national groundwater monitoring database has been established, a perfect groundwater monitoring management information system and a network publishing system have been developed, and groundwater monitoring information has been released to the society through the Internet, which has basically realized the social sharing of groundwater monitoring data resources and achieved good social benefits.

The national geological disaster monitoring and forecasting database has been established, and the database management and network publishing system of geological disaster monitoring and forecasting has been developed, which has initially realized the entry, editing, query, statistical analysis and publishing of daily data.

Professional databases and information systems such as national1:500,000 regional environmental geological survey database, national mine geological environment survey database, county (city) geological disaster survey database, and1:50,000 water conservancy environmental geological spatial database of key cities and economic zones have been established. The application systems such as meteorological early warning and forecasting system for geological disasters, regional geological environment evaluation system, field data acquisition system for geological disasters and groundwater resources investigation, data processing and comprehensive analysis system for groundwater resources investigation, groundwater monitoring information collection and processing service system, remote consultation system for geological disasters, and group monitoring and prevention information system for geological disasters have been developed. Among them, the research results of data processing and comprehensive analysis system for groundwater resources investigation have won three national patents.

1:200,000 regional hydrogeologic map spatial database and management system

Interface between Geological Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting Database Management and Network Publishing System

Field data acquisition equipment

Remote consultation of geological disasters

The geological environment information network of China was established, and the monitoring and forecasting information of geological environment was released, which achieved good results. At present, the average daily page views exceed 2000.

(five) strategic planning research and decision support and services.

In recent years, strategic planning research topics have been completed successively, such as geological disaster prediction and early warning and scientific prevention and control countermeasures in China, strategic research on sustainable development of groundwater resources and ecological environment in Northwest China, strategic research on sustainable development of water conservancy environmental geology in China, strategic research on groundwater protection in China, national geological disaster prevention and control plan, and strategic research on deployment of water conservancy environmental geology survey. Actively write materials about groundwater environment and countermeasures in China, and participate in drafting the State Council's decision on strengthening geological work, and compiling special research and demonstration materials. It has undertaken special research and compilation work in the field of water conservancy and environmental geology, such as the National Geological Exploration Plan, the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Land and Resources, the Outline of the Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan of the Ministry of Land and Resources (2006-2020) and the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Land and Resources Survey, and drafted the National Geological Disaster Prevention Plan and the Compilation Standard for Mine Environmental Protection and Comprehensive Management Planning. Participate in the "knowledge training action for prevention and control of geological disasters in ten thousand villages" organized by the Ministry of Land and Resources; Organized and compiled the Geological Safety Guarantee in the Construction of New Countryside, the Guide to Group Monitoring and Prevention of Geological Disasters, the Compilation of Successful Cases of Group Monitoring and Prevention of Geological Disasters, and the Popular Science Knowledge of Geological Disasters Prevention and Control. Since 200 1, the Ministry of Land and Resources has compiled the Geological Environment Bulletin of China every ten years, and published it on People's Daily and China Geological Information Network. The above work provides timely technical support for the macro-decision-making of the state, the Ministry of Land and Resources and the China Geological Survey in the fields of water environmental geological investigation and evaluation, geological environmental monitoring and geological disaster prevention.

(6) Expand the field of geological environment investigation.

Monitoring and demonstration of soil and water geological environment were carried out in Hangjiahu Plain and North China Plain of Zhejiang Province. Division of geological relics in key areas of the country and investigation of the origin of important paleontological fossils were carried out.

National geological environment monitoring capacity building