The real estate tax has been steadily advanced, and the difference between words is meaningful. Konka: He may be late, but he won't be absent.

In recent years, there has been a "boot" hanging over the property market-real estate tax. Every two sessions, the process of real estate tax has attracted much attention from all walks of life, and this year is no exception.

On May 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Improvement of the Socialist Market Economic System in the New Period (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). In the item of accelerating the establishment of a modern fiscal and taxation system, the Opinions put forward "steadily advancing the legislation of real estate tax".

This is the same as the related statement in 20 18, and the statement about real estate tax in the government work report of 20 19 is "steadily promoting real estate tax legislation". From "safe" to "steady", it was once interpreted as the legislative work or existing promotion steps of real estate tax.

Nowadays, from "stability" to "security", the word difference is meaningful. Kang Jia, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Science, told Time Finance that "being safe is a more cautious word, and it still feels tricky and difficult, but the direction remains unchanged, and the certainty and necessity of reform have not changed."

Regulating the property market is not the original intention of legislation.

The legislative work of real estate tax is advancing in difficulties. 20 13, real estate tax legislation was put on the agenda for the first time, 20 15 was listed as a preparatory project, and 20 16 was listed as the first type of legislative project. 20 17 at the press conference of the fifth session of the 12th national people's congress, spokesman Fu Ying said that there was no arrangement for submitting the draft real estate tax to the standing Committee for deliberation, but the formulation of the real estate tax law was included in the five-year legislative plan.

Subsequently, from "striving for progress in stability" in 20 18 to "striving for progress in stability" in 20 19, the landing of real estate tax seems to be getting closer and closer. 20 19 following the government work report on March 5th, it was clearly stated that "the real estate tax legislation should be promoted steadily". On March 8th, the second session of the 13th National People's Congress mentioned the real estate tax law again, saying that we should concentrate on implementing the major legislative issues established by the CPC Central Committee, and pay close attention to the investigation and drafting of the real estate tax law and other legislation to ensure that it is completed on schedule.

Xie Yifeng, president of China Urban Real Estate Research Institute, pointed out to Time Finance that real estate tax includes real estate development, circulation, retention and many other links, involving property tax, land value-added tax, urban land use tax and many other taxes, and its implementation goal is to improve the real estate tax system.

At present, the current real estate tax in China is levied after the second step of changing profits into taxes, and the object of taxation is housing. 1986 On September 5th, the State Council issued the Provisional Regulations on People's Republic of China (PRC) Property Tax, which came into effect on June 5th, 2000.

"Property tax and real estate tax have a certain substitution relationship, but they are not exactly the same. Property tax is only levied on commercial properties, and it is temporarily exempted for independent properties; Once the real estate tax is levied, it is aimed at all real estate, whether commercial or not. 2065438+After the full implementation of the camp reform in May 2006, the main tax types of local taxes disappeared, and new main tax types were needed to replace them, and real estate tax became the first choice. " Jiang Lin, director and professor of Finance and Taxation Department of Lingnan College of Sun Yat-sen University, told Time Finance.

According to Ye Yongqing, a partner of King & Wood Law Firm, regulating the property market is not the original intention of real estate tax legislation. Its main legislative purpose is to raise fiscal revenue for local governments, improve local tax system, and adjust and promote social equity by not taxing ordinary real estate, levying light tax on most real estate and levying heavy tax on a few luxury real estate.

However, the real estate tax is still considered to be a big negative for the real estate industry. 20 19 After the second session of the 13th National People's Congress mentioned the real estate tax law again on March 8th, Hong Kong stocks and domestic real estate stocks plunged across the board, and the Hang Seng China Mainland Property Index fell by 5. 17%, and the share prices of many leading real estate enterprises fell by over 5%.

Boots are still hard to land.

The discussion on real estate tax has been going on for more than ten years. Whether from the legislative level or the law enforcement level, the real estate tax may still have a long way to go.

"The legislative work of real estate tax is drafted by the Budget Working Committee of the National People's Congress in conjunction with the Ministry of Finance. For the legislation of important taxes, at the drafting stage, at the latest, after the draft is submitted to the National People's Congress for comments, it will be openly solicited from the public; Usually, the National People's Congress organizes legal experts to demonstrate and propose amendments through china law society. The revised text that combines the opinions of the public and experts will be submitted to the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for three deliberations. " Lawyer Ye Yongqing introduced to Time Finance.

"In theory, the real estate tax law is not a basic law and can be directly reviewed and approved by the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), but considering the high degree of social concern, the possibility of submitting it to the National People's Congress for voting cannot be completely ruled out."

He believes that once the real estate tax is levied, due to the negative impact of the overall tax burden on the real estate industry chain and the centralized release of some idle properties, house prices may fall in the short term. However, if the collection time node is accurately controlled, the real estate tax will not adversely affect the property market for a long time.

In Jiang Lin's view, once the real estate tax is levied, it may not directly have a great impact on the property market in the short term, because after the real estate tax is levied, some original real estate-related taxes, such as land value-added tax and property tax, will be merged or cancelled. Judging from the overall tax burden, levying real estate tax may not directly increase the burden of property owners.

"But its impact is long-term. Especially at present, we have no way to determine the specific details after the introduction of real estate tax. If the current property tax and other related taxes are not simply translated into the real estate tax, the tax burden may increase. However, it is uncertain whether the increase of tax burden will definitely lead to the decline of house prices, mainly depending on the relationship between supply and demand. If there are many buyers, people who hold real estate are not worried that the house can't be sold, and the seller will pass on the real estate tax burden to the buyers, resulting in a rise in house prices instead of falling; On the contrary, house prices will fall. "

Real estate tax faces many technical problems, such as tax scope, tax rate and tax basis. According to lawyers in Ye Yongqing, even through legislation, real estate tax will face two major problems in its implementation, one is comprehensive and transparent property registration, and the other is real estate evaluation mechanism.

"These two points can be described as the basic institutional environment elements for the implementation of real estate tax. Especially for the latter, since the current real estate appraisal value as the tax basis of real estate tax has basically become the knowledge of real estate tax legislation, how to evaluate the real estate in different parts of the country, which institution is responsible for issuing the appraisal, at what frequency or cycle, etc., are all questions that need to be answered. "

The National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) once said that the principle of statutory taxation should be fully implemented in 2020. At present, the high probability of real estate tax is not forced by this time node. Jiang Lin believes that NPC has a 50% chance to discuss the real estate tax law this year.

"The reason for the launch is that under the background of the COVID-19 epidemic, the financial pressure of local governments is relatively large, and it is urgent to increase the source of fiscal revenue by levying real estate tax, the main tax of local taxes; However, if the epidemic makes the income of buyers unstable or even decline, the real estate tax will make them feel that the pressure of mortgage payment will increase and the willingness to buy a house will decrease, leading to a decline in house prices. Therefore, I believe that real estate tax legislation should be passed when the epidemic is basically over and the signs of economic rebound are obvious. "

Lawyer Ye Yongqing said that real estate still plays an important role in the macro-economy. Based on the current macroeconomic situation at home and abroad, the real estate tax will not really land in 2-3 years. However, in 3-5 years, real estate tax should be implemented for the purpose of restraining the further flow of funds to the real estate market, or for the purpose of alleviating the debt pressure of local governments and optimizing the financial situation of local governments.

In Konka's view, there is no legal obstacle to real estate tax as a basic system construction problem that must be solved to build a long-term healthy and long-term mechanism for the real estate market. Once the conditions are met, we should actively consider introducing its legislative procedures. "Striving for progress in stability" does not mean that this work will not be considered during the term of this session of the National People's Congress. "