What are the famous sheep in China?

Zhang Ji (767-830) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty and a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu. His family is poor, his official position is low, and he is more exposed to

Zhang Ji (767-830) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty and a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu. His family is poor, his official position is low, and he is more exposed to the life of the lower class. Therefore, his Yuefu was highly praised by Bai Juyi and others for exposing the evils of the ruling class and sympathizing with the sufferings of the people. Bai Juyi, Meng Xiao, etc.

The poems written by people are collectively called "harmony style". And Zhang's collection.

Yuan Zhen (779-83 1) was a poet in Tang Dynasty. People in Luoyang, Henan Province today. He often sings with Bai Juyi, and is known as "Bai Yuan" and nicknamed "Sum Style" in the world. As one of the founders of the new Yuefu movement. The Legend of Ying Biography is based on The West Chamber, and its works include Zhi's Family Celebration.

Jia Dao (779-843), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, was born in Zhuozhou, Hebei. The family is poor. Once a monk, Buddhism is unknown. Influenced by Korea, it is secularized. He repeatedly cited scholars and later became some junior officials. Most of his poems are about scenery writing, farewell, nostalgia and desolation. The language is easy and simple. Good at five-character poems. Pay attention to the tempering of words and deliberately find a job. This is the origin of the word "scrutiny". His works include Collection of the Yangtze River.

Du Mu (803-852) was a writer in the Tang Dynasty. Sun of Du You. The book "Sin Yan" advocates leveling the town, strengthening the troops, consolidating the border defense and banning the Buddha. Pay attention to Sun Tzu's art of war. Poetry is as old as modern poetry. Seven-character quatrains are especially admired by later generations. As famous as Li Shangyin. Fan Chuan's collected works have been handed down from generation to generation.

Wei Qing (863-910) was a poet and poet in the late Tang Dynasty. In the Five Dynasties, he became an official in Shu, enjoying the same reputation as Wen, and was one of the representative writers of Huajian School. His ci mostly reflects the hedonic life and parting feelings of the upper class, and his language is rich and soft. His works include Huanhua Collection.

Liu Kai (947-1000) was a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word bell suddenly, from the eastern suburbs, with Mr. Wu. He opposed the extravagant style of writing in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, advocated ancient Chinese prose, and advocated that the purpose of composition was to preach Confucius and Mencius in order to educate the people. Mr Hedong's collection.

Ouyang Xiu (1007—— 1072) was a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word Yong Shu,no. Drunken Weng, was 6 1 layman in his later years. People in Yongfeng County, Jiangxi Province today. At the age of four, he lost his father and his family was poor. Tiansheng Jinshi entered the DPRK to sort out the pavilion. Renzong Li Qingchu and Fan Zhongyan were demoted by Prime Minister Lv Yijian. He and Athena Chu refused to accept it and were demoted to Yiling Order. Accused of nepotism, he created "cronyism" to refute it. Li Qing served as an ancient adviser for three years (1043), and wrote to request the use of Fan Zhongyan, Fu Bi, Han Qi, etc. This was a taboo later, and I didn't know it for eleven years. After adding a bachelor's degree in Longtuge, I learned about Kaifeng House. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty was written, and he was an assistant minister of the Ritual Department and a bachelor of Hanlin. Later, he served as the deputy special envoy of the Council. The next year, he took part in politics. When Zongshen knew Qingzhou, he opposed Wang Anshi's young crops law. Xining retired in four years (107 1 year). Died the following year. At first, he thought of it as an example, advocated ancient prose with Mei and others, and advocated that articles should be "Ming Dow" and "practical", and criticized "Kunxi Style" with his own creative practice, becoming the leader of the poetry reform movement. His poems are vigorous and fresh, and his words are profound and sincere. He has made outstanding achievements in historiography. Co-edited The Book of the New Tang Dynasty with Song Qi, and wrote The History of the New Five Dynasties, including The Public Collection of Ouyang Wenzhong.

Liu Chang (1019 ——1068) was a scholar in the northern song dynasty. He is knowledgeable and knows Buddhism, divination, astronomy, prescriptions, geography and history. I also have research on bronze inscriptions.

Ceng Gong (1019 ——1079) was a writer in the northern song dynasty. Jiangxi people today. It is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His works include Yuan Feng Lei Yi.

Sima Guang (1019 ——1086) was an outstanding historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. From the 23rd year of Zhou Shenglie (first 403 years) to the 6th year of Xiande (last 959 years), Zi Jian was edited in 294 volumes. In addition to the seventeenth history, there are more than 200 kinds of materials such as unofficial history and anthology. The book is full of historical facts, which can be taken as a warning by feudal rulers in past dynasties. The collection of poems includes Sima Wengong.

Shen Kuo (1031-1095) was a scientist in the northern song dynasty. Today, people in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province wrote 30 volumes of Meng Qian's Bitan, an encyclopedia thousands of years ago, with outstanding achievements.

Li Dao (1115-184), a historian of the Southern Song Dynasty, completed a 980-volume Long Compilation of Continuing Capital Management as a Mirror, which recorded the historical facts of the Northern Song Dynasty in great detail and preserved a lot of historical materials.

Yang Wanli (1127 ——1206) was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Together with Lu You, You Mao and Fan Chengda, it is also called "the four schools of the Southern Song Dynasty", and there is Cheng Zhai Ji.

Lu Jiuyuan (1139 ——1193) was a philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty. Scholars call Mr. Xiangshan. Philosophically, he combined the subjective idealism of Zen and the Meng Si School of Confucianism into a kind of "mind study" thought, completely denying objective practice. In the aspect of moral cultivation, the viewpoints of "intentional" and "unintentional" are put forward. Like Zhu, he thinks that the origin of the universe is Taiji, which is "reason", but he opposes the idea that Taiji has no infinity, and thinks that Taiji's reason is real, and if it is added with "infinity", it can become "the study of hometown". The two men argued for a long time. His theory has a history of nine years, and Jiu Shao called it "the gate of three places". In the Ming Dynasty, Chen Xianzhang and Wang Shouren developed this theory and formed the "Lu Wang School". His works were later compiled into The Complete Works of Mr. Xiangshan.

Wang Yinglin (1223—— 1296) was a scholar in the southern song dynasty. People in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province today. He is good at Confucian classics and geography, and is good at textual research. He has written many works, such as Shen Ningji, Yutang Manuscript, Yeyuan Manuscript, Textual Research of Han History, Yi, Textual Research of Tongjian Geography and Notes on Difficult Classics.

Shen Zhou (1427—— 1509) was a painter in the early Ming Dynasty. People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province today. Extensive reading, good at poetry and calligraphy, famous for painting, critics say the Ming Dynasty is the first. He is good at painting landscapes, flowers and birds, and is the ancestor of "Wu Pai".

Fu Shan (1607—— 1684) was a beginner in Qing dynasty. The word Zhu Qing is from Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province. Wu Ming lived in seclusion and claimed to be a layman and a Taoist. The Qing court set up a learned poetry branch, and he refused to enter Beijing with death. Broaden the study of classics, philosophers, Buddhism, Taoism and medicine, and also make efforts in poetry, calligraphy and painting, epigraphy, especially phonology. It has a far-reaching impact on later research. There are frost red niche collections and Xunzi's comments.

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Wang Fuzhi (1619 ——1692) was a thinker and scholar in the early Qing Dynasty. Scholars call him Mr. Chuanshan. He has studied astronomy, geography, calendars and mathematics, especially philosophy and history. His works include Zi Zhi Tong Jian and Song Lun. Philosophical works include Zhouyi Zhuan Yi, Shangshu Yi Yin, Zhang Zizheng Zhu Meng, Si Wenlu's Internal and External Chapters, Nightmare Report and so on. There is also a suicide note from Chuanshan. I am also good at poetry and songs. Together with Gu, Huang Zongxi, they are also called "three masters in the early Qing Dynasty".

Gu Zuyu (1631-1692) was a historical geographer in Qing Dynasty. With decades of hard work, he wrote 130 volume "Notes on Reading History and Geography", which recorded in detail the dangers and obstacles of mountains and rivers throughout the country, and discussed the gains and losses of ancient wars. It is a masterpiece of historical geography and military geography in China, with high historical value.

Zhao Yi (1727 ——1814) was a historian and poet in Qing Dynasty. People in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province today. He is good at studying history, and his Notes on Two Histories focuses on important historical events of past dynasties, summarizes political gains and losses, and is incisive and pertinent. It, together with Qian Daxin's Textual Research on Two Histories and Wang Mingsheng's Discussion on Seventeen Histories, is called the three major historical books in Qing Dynasty. Poetry is as famous as Yuan Mei and Quan Junquan, and it is called "Jiangyou Sanjie". There are Complete Works of Oubei, Textual Research on Yu Cong, Miscellaneous Notes on Revealing the eaves, etc.

Li Ruzhen (1763—— 1828) was a writer in Qing dynasty. In his later years, he wrote a long classical novel "The Edge of a Mirror Flower".

Yu (1775—— 1840) was a scholar in Qing dynasty. His main works are Gui Ji Lei Draft, Uncle Ji Gui Draft, A Annal of Two Lakes, etc.

Bao (1775—— 1855) was a scholar in Qing dynasty. Gongzizhang is an ancient prose, good at calligraphy and recommended by calligraphers. There are a spoonful of Chinese music, two boats in art and a brief introduction to the sea.

He (1799- 1879) was a scholar and calligrapher in Qing dynasty. Zizhen,No. Dongzhou. A native of Daoxian County, Hunan Province, who was good at calligraphy, was the greatest calligrapher in the late Qing Dynasty.

Zhang Yuzhao (1823—— 1894) was an ancient prose writer and calligrapher in the late Qing Dynasty. People in Wuhan, Hubei Province today. Diligent in literature and history, good at calligraphy, studying Zeng Guofan, and Li Shuchang, Wu Rulun and Xue Fucheng * * * are called "four disciples of Zeng Men".

Wu Da (1835—— 1902) was a minister, calligrapher and scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. Good at literature, epigraphy, ancient literature, quite unique. 1892 as the governor of Hunan.

Wu Yu (1871-1949) is a modern scholar and educator. After the May 4th Movement, the author took an active part in severely criticizing the old feudal culture and ethics, and served as a professor in Peking University and Sichuan University successively. There are records of Wu Yu.

People with lofty ideals

Deng Tingzhen (1775—— 1846), minister of the Qing Dynasty, was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu. In the sixth year of Daoguang (1826), Jiaqing was a scholar, and he was promoted to the governor of Anhui. He promoted the advantages and eliminated the disadvantages and settled the unjust prison with outstanding achievements. In fifteen years, he was promoted to the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. In nineteen years, he helped Lin Zexu to ban opium and rectify coastal defense. 184 1 at the beginning of the year, he was transferred to the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang to strengthen the garrison. In July, British ships invaded Xiamen, and he personally led the water army to repel the invading army. Later, the capitulators and Lin Zexu were framed and dismissed from office at the same time and exiled to Yili, Xinjiang. Later, he served as governor of Shaanxi and governor of Gansu and Shaanxi, and vigorously organized reclamation in the northwest.

Li Xiucheng (1823—— 1864) was a general of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Tengxian, Guangxi. 1859 Feng Zhongwang.

Liu Guangdi (1859—— 1898) was a reformist figure in the late Qing dynasty. Fushun people in Sichuan today. He was killed during the Reform Movement of 1898 and was one of the "six gentlemen". There are Xie Baitang's Poems and Zhong Shengzhai's Collection.

Wang Jinfa (1883 ——1915) was a bourgeois revolutionary in modern times. Join the Guangfu Association. 1907 conspired against Qiu Jin, was suppressed, and fled to Japan. 19 1 1 After the Revolution of 1911, he participated in the battles to recover Shanghai and Hangzhou. 19 13 years to participate in the "second revolution". 19 15 was arrested and killed in Hangzhou.

rich merchant

Hu (1823—— 1885) was a comprador capitalist in Qing dynasty. Xueyanzi is from Jixi, Anhui. At first, he was an apprentice in a bank, and later he entered Wang Youling, the governor of Zhejiang Province, to deliver food and ordnance for the Qing army and help suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom army. 1862 assisted Zuo in setting up Fujian Shipping Bureau. 1867, Zuo was transferred to the governor of Gansu and Shaanxi. In Shanghai, he lent him money to buy and transport military supplies to suppress the uprising. Relying on the strength of the Xiang army, it set up gold and silver shops in various provinces, operated silk tea industry, and set up libraries in 23 places including Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hunan. In Hangzhou, Deqing Yutang has a Chinese medicine shop, which manages the export silk industry and manipulates the trade between Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with a maximum capital of more than 22 million. 1884 was squeezed out of bankruptcy by foreign businessmen.

Religious master

Faxian (335-420) was a famous monk in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Today, Shanxi xiang yuan people. When I became a monk as a child, I saw many mistakes in the scriptures and made up my mind to go to India to seek them. In 399, I traveled westbound from Chang 'an, passed through the Western Regions and crossed the Green Ridge. After difficulties and obstacles, I arrived at my destination, got some scriptures and learned Sanskrit. He went to Sri Lanka to search for Buddhist scriptures and returned home by boat. 4 12 landed in Laoshan Mountain, Shandong Province and arrived in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province the following year. He translated1100,000 words of Buddhist scriptures, and compiled Buddhist Records (also known as Fa Zhuan) based on his experiences in more than 30 countries. It provides important data for the study of ancient Chinese and foreign traffic and the historical geography of Central and South Asian countries and the South China Sea.

The Book of Changes (635-713) was a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty. In the winter of 673, he went to more than 30 countries in Tianzhu (India) by sea. After returning to China in 685, he stayed abroad for more than ten years, and wrote Biography of Nanyang Returning to the Inner Law and Biography of Seeking Law in the Western Regions of Datang. Returning to Luoyang in 695, Wu Zetian greeted him outside Shangjiangmen. Later, he presided over the translation of Buddhist scriptures in Chang 'an and Luoyang, and translated them into 56 dharma books with 230 volumes.

A group of eminent monks and astronomers in the Tang Dynasty (683-727). Commonly known as Zhang Sui, Henan Nanle people. The grandson of Zhang, a famous minister in Tang Dynasty. In order to escape the official struggle, he became a monk at the age of 2/kloc-0, and later became the ancestor of China tantric school. Translate the Great Sun Sutra and take notes for it. He reads classics and is proficient in astronomical calendars. In 727, he was ordered to revise the calendar, made the ecliptic instrument, and re-determined the positions of more than 50 stars in/kloc-0, which was the first time in the world to find the phenomenon of star position change. He also initiated observations at 12 locations throughout the country, and calculated the length equivalent to meridian latitude, which is of great significance in the history of science. In addition, he also cooperated with others to make Huntian bronze ware, which is the embryonic form of modern clocks and watches. Under his leadership, it took six years to produce Dayan Calendar, which was the most accurate and perfect calendar in the middle Tang Dynasty, and its style and format were used by calendar compilers in past dynasties.

Nian Gengyao

The word Lianggong, whose name is Shuangfeng, was born in Huangqi 1679. His father is an assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry and the governor of Hubei Province, and his brother Xirao Nian is also an assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. His younger sister was Yin Zhen's side Fujin, and she was named the imperial concubine after Yongzheng acceded to the throne. Nian Gengyao's wife is the daughter of imperial clan assistant lord protector Su Yan. Nian Gengyao studied at an early age and was quite talented. In the thirty-ninth year of Kangxi (1700), he was a scholar and was appointed as imperial academy's review. In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (1709), Nian Gengyao joined the cabinet with a bachelor's degree, and soon became the governor of Sichuan and became a government official. According to A Qing Xiao's Yong Xian Zhi, Nian Gengyao is less than 30 years old at this time. For Kangxi's exceptional appreciation and promotion, in the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1), Nian Gengyao was promoted to governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi. After Yongzheng acceded to the throne, Nian Gengyao and Longkeduo called Yongzheng's right-hand man. The prestige of "General Nian" shocked Xiqiao and enjoyed a high reputation in the ruling and opposition circles.

Cao Xueqin

China, a novelist in Qing Dynasty, was born on June 4th, 2005 and died on June 4th, 2005. Cao Xueqin was originally a Han Chinese, but a long time ago, he joined the Manchu Banner and became the royal "coat" (slave) of Ai Xinjue Roche. After entering the customs with the Qing people, he was gradually promoted to an official closely related to the royal family. Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao's wife was the nanny of Emperor Kangxi. Because the ancestors of Cao family had close relationship with politics and economy of Qing dynasty, they also had deep family origin in literature, which gave Cao Xueqin profound influence and edification and provided conditions for him to create A Dream of Red Mansions.

Cao Xueqin was born on the eve of the decline of Cao Shijia. Cao Xueqin was born in Nanjing and lived a rich life as a teenager. At the age of thirteen, the year after the Cao family was copied, the family moved back to Beijing, and their wealth dropped sharply. Yong Zhengdi, who succeeded Kangxi to the throne, dismissed Cao Zhao from Jiangning and sent him back to Beijing. During the Qianlong period, the Cao family suffered from natural and man-made disasters again, completely ending Cao Xueqin's carefree life as a noble son. This unusual experience of Cao Xueqin had an important influence on his creation of A Dream of Red Mansions. Therefore, he integrated the description of Rong and Ning's aristocratic life into the profound artistic image-building of A Dream of Red Mansions. When Cao Xueqin was young, he was outstanding in talent, excellent in poetry and prose, and famous in painting. His masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions has set up a historical monument for him. Cao Xueqin died in his forties, leaving a new wife and several bundles of manuscripts. Even the funeral expenses were funded by several of his friends. But his Dream of Red Mansions was printed and published 30 years after his death, which swept the country.

Balzac

1Born on May 20th, 799, French realist writer Tourre, France. Balzac is undoubtedly one of the brightest stars in French literature in the19th century, and his most important work, Human Comedy, occupies a prominent position in the history of novels.

Pushkin

Pushkin was born in Moscow on June 6, 1999. Pushkin's parents are well educated, love literature and are proficient in French. Parents also teach their children to learn French, read French literature, and have French tutors at home. Pushkin couldn't speak Russian at first when he was a child. 1828, natalia (16), known as the first beauty in Russia, first met Pushkin, and her beauty strongly shocked her. Similarly, the poet's talent and temperament deeply touched her heart. They got married in Moscow on 183 1. The appearance of Danjes broke Pushkin's happy family life. The tragedy happened on1February 8, 837. On a clear and cold winter day, at the corner of Neva Street in Petersburg, Dan Jiesi shot Pushkin in the abdomen, and the poet fell in a pool of blood. On the third day, 1837 and February 10, the superstar of Russian poetry fell. Seven years after Pushkin's death, Natalya married a general, while Danjes married Natalya's sister. Just like Pushkin's wonderful poems, his emotions, his romance, his life and everything about him are still exciting.

Zeng Guofan

18 1 1 year (Jiaqing 16 years)165438+1October 26th (65438+1October/kloc- Contrary to Hong Xiuquan's frustration, Zeng Guofan became a scholar at the age of 15, and then went to Lianbin College in Xiangxiang and Yuelu College in Changsha to study. He was promoted at the age of 23; He entered imperial academy at the age of 27. At the age of 36, Zeng Guofan rose from imperial academy Bachelor's Level 4 to Cabinet Bachelor's Level 2, with the title of assistant minister of does, and even rose to Level 4. He pays more attention to study and cultivation than others, and has close contacts with famous Confucian scholars in Beijing. He is proficient in Neo-Confucianism and can write good articles of Tongcheng School, both big and small. Inspired by the Confucian spirit, he not only wants virtue, but also makes contributions. This supreme state, it seems that he did it later.

For Zeng Guofan, the turning point of great significance in his life appeared when he was 4 1 year old. That year (1852), his mother died and he had to stay at home for three years. He returned to his hometown in Xiangxiang, and in a corner of southern Hunan, he made up a new army, the Xiang Army, which was different from all kinds of armed forces in the Qing Dynasty, completely according to his own design.

Li Hongzhang

/kloc-0 was born in Hefei, Anhui province on February 5, 823,/kloc-0 was a scholar in 847. After that, he served as Jishi Shu in Central imperial academy, where he was awarded the post of editor and editor of history books. 1853, in the civil war with Hong Xiuquan's reactionary clique, Li Hongzhang joined the army for the survival of the Great Qing Dynasty and the crisis of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, and then moved to Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Guangdong and other provinces and cities, helping Zeng Guofan quell the civil strife in Nanping and Beinian, and successfully formed and led the Huai Army in the civil war. He sacrificed his life and blood to safeguard national security. Li Hongzhang put forward the suggestion of absorbing the advanced experience of western countries and carrying out reforms in economy, military, national defense, diplomacy and transportation. He braved heavy resistance from all directions, prepared for hardship, founded the first Beiyang Navy with advanced western weapons as the core and advanced Confucianism as the guidance in China history, and established two world-class military ports with outstanding comprehensive offensive and defensive strength, such as Dalian and Ahava.

the Queen

1835165438+129 October (Daoguang 15 years 10 day)-1908/kloc-0. The actual rulers of the Qing Dynasty ranged from 186 1 to 1908. Cixi is "the daughter of Cheng Wai of Yehnara" and has an unnamed surname. The baby's name is Nora's, so it's called Yehnara. Cixi, the emblem, has the blessings of health, Yu Zhuang, longevity and jubilation.

[Name] Mark Twain (American humorist, novelist, writer and speaker)

1835165438+1October 30th, he was born into a poor rural lawyer family in Hannibal, a small town on the Mississippi River. He worked as a compositor, a sailor on the Mississippi River, a Confederate soldier, and also ran the timber industry, mining industry and publishing industry, but his effective work was as a reporter and writing humorous literature. Mark Twain is the founder of American critical realism literature and a world-famous master of short stories. He experienced the development process from "free" capitalism to imperialism in the United States, and his thoughts and creations also showed a stage of development from light ridicule to bitter satire to pessimism. His early works, such as short stories "Accidentally Elected Governor" (1870) and "Goldsmith's Friends Go Abroad Again" (1870), mocked the absurdity of "democratic election" and the essence of "democratic paradise" in the United States with humorous brushwork. Mid-term works, such as The Gilded Age (1874, co-edited with Warner), are representative novels, The Adventures of Harburg Finn (1886) and Wilson the Fool (1893), which satirize and expose the epidemic situation in the United States with profound and pungent style. The Adventures of Hakberg Finn tells the story of Huck, a white boy, and Jim, a fugitive black slave, wandering on the Mississippi River. It not only criticized the cruelty of feudalism, exposed the irrationality of lynching, but also satirized the hypocrisy and ignorance of religion, condemned the evil of slavery, praised the excellent qualities of black slaves, and advocated the progressive proposition that everyone should enjoy freedom regardless of racial status. His works are regarded as epoch-making realistic works in the history of American literature with fresh and powerful writing style and natural and unique perspective. Mark Twain is known as "Lincoln in American literature".