... and Qin Ying. What does zhongwan mean?

Yuān refers to the countries and residents living in Fergana region of Central Asia in the Western Han Dynasty. Yu ā n country is probably in today's Fergana Valley. In 285, Lan Yu, King of Dawan, presented a blood horse to Sima Yan, Emperor of Jin Dynasty, and Sima Yan sent Yang Hao to Dawan. After Aquamarine died, his son Mo Zhi also sent messengers to contribute a blood horse. Later, during the Five Lakes and Sixteen Countries and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Dawan was renamed Polona.

Historical Records Biography of Dawan: "The people I visited were Dawan, Da Yue, Daxia and Kangju. It is rumored that there is a big country next to it, which was said by the emperor. Yue: Dawan is in the southwest of Xiongnu, west of Han, and from Han to Wan Li. Its vulgar aborigines cultivate fields, rice and wheat. There is wine. Good Madoff, the horse is bloody, and its congenital girl is also. There is a castle room. It belongs to more than 70 cities and has a population of several hundred thousand. His soldiers rode horses and shot with bows and spears. Its north is suitable, its west is Da Yue, its southwest is summer, its northeast is Wusun, and its east is quiet. In the west of the country, all the water flows westward and flows into the West Sea. Its east water flows eastward, injecting salt. Yanze sneaks underground, with Heyuan in the south. There are many jade, and the river is full of flowers. Loulan and Gushiyi have battlements near Yanze. It's 5,000 miles from Yanze to Chang 'an. Xiongnu lives in the east of Yanze, west of Gansu to the Great Wall and south of Qiang, which is the road of Han people. Wusun is 2000 miles northeast of Dawan ... Chae Yeon is 2000 miles northwest of Kangzhou ... thousands of miles west of Da Yue ... thousands of miles away in the west rest in peace ... 2000 miles southwest of Dawan in summer ... and there is a poisonous country in the southeast. "

Shu Wei's Biography of the Western Regions: (Breaking) Luona Country, so Dawan Country is also. Dugui mountain city, northwest of Shule, went to 4450 miles. In the third year of Taihe (479), envoys were sent to donate blood to horses. Since then, envoys have paid tribute.

Shangwan County is an ancient county name, and ancient books are also called Shangyuan and Shangyuan. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Wanxian County was merged into Shangwan County. Located in Nanyang city and its southern region. It belongs to Nanyang County. It was renamed Wanxian County at the beginning of Sui Dynasty. The county magistrate is located in the urban area of Nanyang city today.

Xiaowan Kingdom is located in Gobi, Qiemo County, Xinjiang, one of the 36 countries in the Western Han Dynasty. It defended Zero City and later belonged to Shanshan. According to Hanshu, Xiaowan Kingdom is 72 10 Li away from Chang 'an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty. Its capital is Chizero City, bordering Geqiang in the east, with a population of 1000 and a force of 200.

Nanyang, called Wan for short, is a regional central city in the southwest of Henan Province, China. It is located in Nanyang Basin, great basin, the easternmost part of China, with cattle on its head and Jianghan on its foot, with Tongbai in the east and Qinling Mountains in the west. Historically, Nanyang was one of the sources of the ancient Silk Road. It is the place where Qu Yuan, the world's four famous cultural figures, unleashed his sword, where Zhuge Liang, a military strategist, practiced, and it is also the famous "Danyang" in Qin Chu. Nanyang gave birth to medical saints Zhang Zhongjing, Heng, Shang Sheng, Mou Zi Yahe and other historical celebrities. During the Warring States period, Nanyang was a famous iron smelting center, and later it was the seat of Nanyang County, one of the 36 counties in Qin Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was used as the capital and the place where Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu made his fortune, so it was also called "Nandu" and "Emperor Township" in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

"Zi Jian Zhou Yun Forty-three Years" contains: "The Qin Dynasty set Nanyang County in the south of Nanshan and the north of Hanshui";

"South Road 2 of Tuzhishan in Yuanhe County" contains: "Zhao Xiang, the king of Qin, took the land of North Korea and set Nanyang County, so that there is a sunny place in the south of China, so it is called Nanyang";

"Shi Shiming Zhou Guo" contains: "Nanyang is in the south of China, but it lives in Yang Di, hence its name";

The above records show that when the Qin Dynasty established Nanyang County, it was named because it had the dual characteristics of ancient China, that is, it was located in the south of Nanshan (now Funiu Mountain) and the north of Hanshui River. This name has been used to this day.

"yuān" is the earliest place name in Nanyang. Wan not only reflects the geomorphological characteristics of the basin, but also reflects its ecological environment. "Shuo Wen Jie Zi": Wan, bend the grass and walk, from the sound. Its meaning: "high on all sides, low in the middle", which accords with the geomorphological characteristics of Nanyang basin surrounded by mountains on three sides and low in the middle; "Curse the grass and build it yourself" is full of fragrant grass and lush vegetation. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Chu destroyed Lu and Shen. And the Wan Yi was established here, hence the name of Wan Yi. Since then, dynasties have changed, and there have been Wancheng, Wanxian, Wanzhou and Shangwan counties here, so Wancheng has become the established abbreviation of Nanyang City.

The word "Central Plains" can be found in the Book of Songs from the existing literature, such as "There are good fish in Xiaoyanan, which is a good day": "Looking at the Central Plains, all its holes are there"; Xiao Ya explained that Nanshan governs Xiaowan: "There are cymbals in the Central Plains, and Shu Ren adopts them"; However, these Central Plains are not entirely regional concepts, but represent "plains and Yuan Ye".

In modern times, the appellation of the Central Plains was widely used, often referring to "the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River", with Henan Province as the main body, including central Shaanxi (Guanzhong area), southern Hebei, southwestern Shanxi, western Shandong, northwestern Jiangsu and northern Anhui.

At the beginning of Chinese civilization, the place names of "Tianxia" and "Heluo" specifically referred to Luoyang area, which became the hinterland of the Central Plains due to the establishment of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the prosperity of Heluo culture. In the pre-Qin period, Luoyi (now Luoyang) was said to be the center of the world. As the Huaxia people moved to the surrounding areas, their activities expanded. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the concept of the Central Plains was extended to the vassal states of China, corresponding to remote areas such as Qin and Wu. Since the Qin Dynasty, the meaning of the word Central Plains has been further expanded, which can refer to the vast areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, including Henan, Shaanxi Guanzhong, Shanxi and southern Hebei, western Shandong, northwestern Jiangsu and northern Anhui. Biography of Li Gang in Song Dynasty: "Central Plains" means the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Occasionally also refers to the Yellow River basin. In Zhuge Liang's model, "Central Plains" refers to the Yellow River basin.

The Central Plains in the cultural sense represents the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the symbol of Chinese culture, and is synonymous with orthodox Chinese culture. As the birthplace of Chinese civilization, the Central Plains is the source of Chinese cultural symbols. Historically and culturally, in the Jin Dynasty, the capital moved from Luoyang to Jinling, so Jiangnan, which was regarded as the cultural center in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, was called the "Central Plains of Culture". This is related to the origin of the Chinese nation in the Central Plains. The ancient Huaxia nationality formed the Han nationality, the main ethnic group in China, through the integration with the surrounding ethnic groups. All ethnic regimes in the Central Plains have their own capitals, including the Hu regime during the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms period (the "Han Dynasty" of Xiongnu Liu Yuan/Ren Jie's Hou Zhao/Jian Fujian's Pre-Qin Dynasty/Xianbei Tuoba's Northern Wei Dynasty/Xianbei Yuwen's Northern Zhou Dynasty/Xianbei Gaojia's Northern Qi Dynasty) and the later Tang Dynasty/Jin Dynasty/Han Dynasty established by the five generations of Shatuo people.