What are the major historical events in Yantai?

Yantai was called Li in ancient times, and then Zhifu. Yantai has a long history and is one of the birthplaces of early ancient culture in China. As early as the late Pleistocene (Zhifu about120,000 years ago), people lived here. Since Xia and Shang Dynasties, all dynasties in China have attached great importance to the rule here. According to Historical Records, after Qin Shihuang unified China, he made three expeditions to the East and landed on Zhifu Island three times. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also visited Zhifu to ascend the throne. In 63 1 year, the first Japanese sent to Tang Shi also landed from Zhifu Island. At present, Yantai is still represented as "Zhifu" on the charts of many countries. Yantai has a history of more than 600 years, 1398 (Hongwu 3 of Ming Dynasty1). In order to prevent pirates from invading, Zhifu built the Wolf Smoke Wharf, also known as "Wolf Yantai", hence the name Yantai. 1858 (8 years in Xianfeng, Qing dynasty), the Sino-French Tianjin Treaty opened Dengzhou as a trading port, and changed it to Yantai three years later. So far, Yantai has a history of 150 years.

Worship the ancestors of the sun

Yantai is one of the earliest areas for human reproduction. In the southwest of Zhifu District, Yantai City, about 1.5 kilometers away from the coast, it is a small harbor 7,000 years ago, where Baishi people, whose main livelihood is the combination of sea fishing and agricultural production, created splendid prehistoric culture. Neolithic stone axes, shovels, stone net pendants, triangular foot-basin-shaped tripod, bone needles and other artifacts unearthed from Baishizhai site have cultural characteristics along the coast of Jiaodong. The bone tool was polished very finely, and the bone needle was close to the later steel needle, indicating that the grinding, weaving and sewing technology at that time had reached a higher level. The cultural relics unearthed in Changdao County show that it is one of the birthplaces of Dawenkou culture more than 5,000 years ago and Longshan culture more than 4,000 years ago. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties more than 4,000 ~ 2,500 years ago, Yantai coastal area was one of the important areas where Dongyi people lived. Dongyi people not only have developed fishery and salt industry, but also have active commodity circulation. On a pottery unearthed in Long Island, there are seven or eight suns carved on it, which repeatedly depicts the light emitted by the sun, indicating that Dongyi people are ancestors who worship the sun very much.

The place where Qin Shihuang made three eastward expeditions.

After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he made three expeditions to the East, leaving footprints in Yantai. The first time Qin Shihuang traveled eastward was in 2 19 BC. The 40-year-old Qin Shihuang traveled eastward along the Bohai Bay and visited the eastern coastal areas in search of the elixir of life. On the way, he met Xu Fu. Xu Fu provided him with the way to live forever, and said that there are "Three Gods Mountain" in Penglai, Yingzhou and the abbot in the sea, where immortals live in the royal pavilion and fairy grass grows. Qin Shihuang believed it, so he sent Xu Fu to lead thousands of boys and girls to the sea in a big ship to ask for fairy medicine. The following year, Qin Shihuang visited the East for the second time. Boarded Zhifu Island, carved a stone and erected a monument, praising his literary martial arts. In 2 10 BC, Qin Shihuang was nearly 50 years old, and his desire for longevity became stronger and stronger. He found Xu Fu on his third trip to the East. Chui fook was furious when he saw Qin Shihuang, and lied that there were big fish in the sea, so he couldn't reach Xianshan himself. Qin Shihuang was eager for success, so he set up a crossbow to chase the big fish. When I arrived in Zhifu, I finally found a big fish and killed it myself. When Xu Fugang set sail for the sea and arrived in Japan, he opened the first page of foreign exchange in China's history. Qin Shihuang wanted to live forever, but he finally failed. However, he left some relics on Zhifu Island, such as The First Emperor's Road and Two Views on Carving Stones. The Yangzhu Temple, one of the "Eight Masters" worshipped by Qin Shihuang, was built on the sunny slope of Zhifu Island. At present, Yantai Development Zone has Qin Shihuang's East Tour Palace to commemorate Qin Shihuang.

Maritime?Silk?Road

The navigation industry in Yantai occupies an important position in the whole country. Zhifu Bay in downtown Yantai is a natural harbor with flat water depth and a barrier on its back. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago, Yantai Port was already an important stop on China's Beiyang route. /kloc-More than 0/000 years ago, during the Tang Dynasty, Dengzhou (where Penglai is located) was a famous seaport in China. It was also called the four major trading ports with Guangzhou, Jiaozhou and Yangzhou, and it was the main port for the north to go overseas. Japan sent an envoy of the Tang Dynasty 13 times to the Tang Dynasty to seek development, and landed in Zhifu for the first time. In the fourth year of Chunhua in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 979), Song Taizong was sent to Korea, which was also initiated by Zhifu. China's silk, iron smelting, paper making and other technologies were introduced from Yantai to Korea, Japan and other places, so Yantai was also known as the starting point of the "Silk Road" at sea. The ancient port of Dengzhou is one of the most prosperous ports in the ancient north of China. Penglai Watertown, also known as Yubao City, was built in the ninth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1376), and it is the most intact ancient military port in China. From the west of Qingji to Europe, it is the western section of the Silk Road. The route from Caspian Sea to Constantinople was opened in the middle of Tang Dynasty. )

The birthplace of modern industry in China.

Yantai is one of the cradles of modern industry in China. From 65438 to 0892, Zhang Bishi, an overseas Chinese from Nanyang, founded Changyu Brewing Company in Yantai and hired Austrian Consul in Yantai as a brewer, which was a success. 19 12 ruifeng flour mill was established in Yantai; 19 13 to set up a power plant; From 19 13 to 19 15, five canneries were built; 19 15 Li Dongshan built a watch factory, and Changyu wine won the international gold medal in the same year; Liquan Beer Company was established in 1920. Changyu Beer Company and Bell Factory are the earliest entrepreneurs in China, while cannery and brewery are the earliest entrepreneurs in Shandong. Yantai has set and broken a number of world records in world record association, creating a number of the best in the world.

The birthplace of modern post in China.

Yantai is the birthplace of modern postal services in China. 1868, Yantai Customs set up a post office, which was also used for mailing diplomatic documents, which was the bud of modern postal service in China. From 65438 to 0879, the Qing government decided to pilot postal services in Beijing, Tianjin, Yantai, Niuzhuang (Yingkou) and Shanghai, which was the forerunner of modern postal services in China.

This matter has something to do with Sheng Xuanhuai. Because the modern postal service in China came into being with the Westernization Movement, and Sheng Xuanhuai was the most important cadre of the Westernization Movement. As Li Hongzhang's "right-hand man", he went to Yantai to negotiate the Yantai Treaty two years ago. Ten years later, he served as the youth guard commander in Denglai, Shandong Province and the supervisor of Yantai East Customs (Zhifu), and left office six years later.

The origin of place names

Yantai is named after Yantai Mountain. In the thirty-first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1398), in order to prevent the invasion of the Japanese, the local soldiers and civilians set up a wolf smoke pier on the northern mountain of Linhai, also known as the "beacon tower". After discovering the enemy's situation, smoke rises during the day and fire rises at night. This is an alarm signal, so it is called Yantai for short. Yantai Mountain is named after Yantai City.

Yantai opened 1858, and the unequal Tianjin Treaty between China and Britain turned Dengzhou into a trading port. 186 1 year, the Qing government sent people to supervise the opening of trading ports such as Dengzhou. The British investigation representative thought Dengzhou was "thin and shallow" and took a fancy to Zhifu Bay, a natural port in Yantai, so the Qing government ordered Yantai to be a trading port. On August 22nd of the same year, Yantai officially opened its port, and 1862 set up the "East Customs" in Yantai, which was the first port opened to the outside world in modern Shandong. Britain, the United States, Japan, Germany and other countries set up consulates in Yantai, foreign schools, foreign firms and foreign hospitals set up in Yantai, and foreign goods and products also landed from Yantai. China's native products such as peanuts, soybeans, silk and mineral products are also exported overseas from Yantai. At the beginning of last century, Yantai laid underwater cables to Shanghai, Dagu and Dalian successively, becoming the earliest commercial port in China to set up water cables and telegrams.