Talking about the control measures to improve the quality of residential projects?

The following is the related content of the measures to improve the quality control of residential projects brought by Zhong Da Consulting for your reference.

The quality of housing projects is not only related to the sustained and healthy development of national social economy, but also directly related to the vital interests of the broad masses of people and social stability. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the quality control of residential projects, effectively overcome the common problems of residential quality, and carry out the construction of high-quality boutique residential projects. In the past, "residential engineering quality" generally refers to meeting the requirements of specifications, mainly focusing on construction quality and material quality. At present, the most important thing is to ensure the structural safety and use function of the project, and at the same time, it also puts forward higher requirements for the performance of the house and the quality of the indoor environment. Therefore, "residential engineering quality" has also developed into a comprehensive and extensive concept, including both building quality and material quality, as well as design quality and environmental quality. With the transformation from meeting the living needs to comfort, energy conservation and environmental protection of residential buildings have become important indicators to measure the quality of residential projects.

1 main problems in the present situation and quality of residential projects

The composition or evaluation of the quality standard of residential engineering includes three aspects: the structure and exterior decoration quality of residential engineering; The functional quality of the house; Functional quality of public facilities such as water, electricity, coal, sanitation, telephone, greening, etc. in plot construction. At present, there are several outstanding problems in the quality of residential projects, which are as follows:

1. 1 The settlement of some houses is too large and uneven.

The main performances are:

(1) The final settlement exceeds the settlement value allowed by local standards and design. Because the foundation sinks too much, the sewer is blocked or even destroyed.

(2) The longitudinal settlement is seriously uneven. The settlement at both ends of the single house is obviously different, and the deviation value exceeds the specified value. Result in irregular cracks of different size.

(3) The settlement is unstable for a long time. Five years after the completion of the project, the settlement value is still large and uneven.

1.2 After some houses are put into use, there are many cracks in structure and appearance.

It is manifested as settlement cracks, structural cracks, oblique cracks, cracks in precast slabs and cracks in cast-in-place slabs, and it is impossible to carry out secondary decoration. Residents report that they are "out of old houses and into dangerous houses".

1.3 Some houses have various leakage phenomena in use.

The manifestations are: roof leakage, external wall leakage, basement leakage, floor leakage, pipeline leakage, sanitary ware leakage, gas pipeline leakage and so on. Because of electric leakage, indoor appliances are short-circuited, and home furniture is moldy, which brings a lot of inconvenience to home life and even implies unsafe factors.

1.4 the poor quality of raw materials used in some houses brings hidden dangers to the building structure?

If the cold galvanized pipe is used as the water supply pipe, the uneven thickness of the inner wall of the pipe and the poor stability of the galvanized layer will cause water pollution. Sundries in the water make the water bad. Concrete aggregate contains free MgO and CaO, which will burst after a long time and become a hidden danger point of structural damage.

The above-mentioned common quality problems of residential projects have troubled residents, affected the improvement of the quality level of residential projects and produced certain social consequences.

2 Analysis of the causes of quality problems in residential projects

The housing project is a systematic project, and the reasons for the quality problems of the housing project are also composed of various factors in the system engineering. For example, the behavior of all parties involved in housing construction will affect the quality of housing projects.

2. 1 Direct cause of quality problems

(1) Planning cannot reflect the level of social development. Lack of guidance in planning and improper location of residential construction. The allocation index of public buildings is too small, blindly pursuing the high width of houses, and the green space index is too low. Some residential areas are too far away from the city. Due to the short-term behavior of developers, the development scale is small, which leads to difficulties in community transportation and municipal facilities, and brings inconvenience to residents' lives.

(2) Pursuing the decoupling between survey and design and quality control of residential projects. The design failed to design and calculate according to the characteristics of engineering foundation and control sedimentation coefficient, which led to the settlement of residential buildings not being effectively controlled; For cracks caused by settlement, temperature difference and other reasons, corresponding measures are not considered in the design. ?

(3) The quality of the construction unit undertaking housing construction is low. Most residential projects are undertaken by enterprises with low qualifications. These enterprises have low technical quality and poor management level, and cannot guarantee the realization of quality measures, so they cannot guarantee the quality of residential projects.

(4) There are still many fake and shoddy products in the building materials market. At present, most building materials production enterprises have weak management, backward technology and unsuitable products; Building materials products are not strictly controlled when entering the construction site of residential projects. Driven by the interests, the construction unit and the person in charge of the site of the construction unit did not strictly implement the provisions of the building materials license, and did not inspect and test the building materials products, so the quality was difficult to guarantee.

(5) There are no effective measures to ensure the quality of residential projects. After the residential project is put into use, the warranty responsibility of the construction unit and the construction unit for the quality of the residential project is not clear. After quality problems appear, they shirk their responsibilities, and the quality problems are not solved in time, which leads to residents' complaints and petitions.

2.2 Indirect causes of quality problems?

(1) constraint mechanism. The quality responsibility system of all parties in residential construction has not been effectively implemented, and an effective quality assurance system for residential projects has not been formed.

(2) User usage. Users' quality and legal awareness are weak, and laws and regulations related to housing quality have fewer restrictions on users. The housing quality problems caused by improper use by users are not clearly defined, and there are no measures to investigate the quality responsibility of users. ?

(3) Housing construction standards and norms. At present, the standard of residential engineering has not considered the problem from the strategic height of the modernization of residential industry, and the standard system has not covered the environmental construction outside the residential engineering itself. The phenomenon that the construction party does not meet the standards is also quite serious, which brings hidden dangers to residential projects. At the same time, the implementation and management of residential engineering standards are not enough.

3 control measures for quality problems of residential projects

(1) Common quality problems of residential projects are persistent diseases of project quality, and comprehensive treatment must be taken. The phased results obtained by formulating relevant prevention policies, methods, guidelines and measures in some areas of our province also prove that the common quality problems of residential projects can be effectively controlled.

The Ministry of Construction explicitly requires local construction administrative departments to actively carry out scientific and technological research related to the quality of residential projects. In this regard, according to the work arrangement of the Provincial Construction Department, the Provincial Construction Engineering Administration organized experts from design, supervision, scientific research institutes, engineering quality supervision and Shandong Architectural Society to compile the Technical Specification for Building Engineering Construction (DBJ 14-032-2004). The regulations involve foundation and foundation engineering, underground waterproof engineering, masonry engineering, concrete structure engineering, ground engineering, decoration engineering, roofing engineering, water supply and drainage and heating engineering, electrical engineering, ventilation and smoke exhaust engineering, elevator engineering, intelligent building engineering and building energy saving. , with a strong systematic, targeted, scientific, operational and practical. Most of the control methods put forward in this regulation system have been proved to be effective by practice in all parts of the province, and it is the first local standard for the control of common quality defects in residential projects in China.

At the same time, construction administrative departments at all levels should give full play to the enthusiasm of housing construction, survey, design, construction, supervision and other units, improve relevant technical and economic policies and promotion mechanisms, increase investment in science and technology and focus on tackling key problems, and strive to solve problems affecting the quality of housing projects. Encourage the adoption of advanced, applicable and reliable new technologies, new processes, new materials and new products, and ensure the quality of residential projects by continuously improving the scientific and technological content and overall benefits of residential construction.

(2) Housing construction should be industrialized step by step. The so-called housing industrialization is to bring housing into the category of socialized mass production, take housing property rights as the final product, realize the standardization and serialization of housing development, the intensification of construction, and the socialization, diversification and specialization of housing investment. In a word, it is to solve the housing problem of urban residents with large-scale molding residential development. Specifically, housing industrialization is guided by the housing market demand, relying on building materials, light industry and other industries, based on the factory production of various housing components, finished products and semi-finished products, and then assembled on site. By means of talents and technology, through the integration of planning and design, component production, construction, sales and after-sales service in the whole process of housing production, a complete industrial system is formed, thus realizing the production and operation organization form of integrated supply and marketing of housing products.

(3) Residential construction enterprises should realize specialization. Large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises should be encouraged to participate in housing construction. At the same time, it is necessary to realize the specialization of small and medium-sized construction enterprises, encourage professional teams with advanced technology and high personnel quality such as painting, construction, carpentry and installation to enter the residential market, and improve their professional level through long-term repeated practice. The government must formulate corresponding policies from the perspective of specialization to protect and develop small and medium-sized professional construction enterprises engaged in housing construction.

(4) Introducing and digesting the advanced experience of international housing construction, innovating and developing China's housing construction science and technology, and improving the quality of housing construction require the joint efforts of all parties responsible for quality such as construction, design, construction and supervision.

As the first person responsible for the quality of residential projects, the construction unit shall set up a quality management organization and be equipped with corresponding personnel, strengthen process control and acceptance management, perform relevant quality responsibilities, and have the responsibility to find out the reasons and urge to take measures to repair the quality problems during the residential construction process and warranty period; For every residential project, a complete "residential project quality file" should be established and announced to the public regularly.

Design units should highlight the concept of "people-oriented" and introduce innovative international advanced housing construction technology to provide residents with economic, safe, reasonable and comfortable living space. The design documents provided by the design unit must meet the requirements of earthquake resistance, building energy saving, sunshine, lighting, sound insulation and ventilation. It is necessary to optimize the design according to the relevant design measures in Technical Specification for Building Engineering Construction (DBJ 14-032-2004), which is the engineering construction standard of Shandong Province, and make technical disclosure to relevant units to eliminate common quality problems from the source. If there are major design changes in the process of residential construction, the construction drawing and design documents must be re-examined and reported to the construction administrative department for the record.

The construction unit must carry out regular and effective quality inspection and management of the project to ensure high-quality project managers and construction management personnel; According to the relevant construction control measures in Technical Specification for Building Engineering Construction (DBJ 14-032-2004), detailed construction technical standards and control measures to prevent and control common quality defects are formulated in the project construction organization design or construction scheme, and are effectively implemented after being reviewed by the supervision unit and approved by the construction unit.

The supervision unit shall effectively supervise the construction quality according to the design documents that have passed the construction drawing review, including the design documents re-examined after major design changes. Review the construction technology standards and control measures submitted by the construction unit to prevent common quality defects, and incorporate them into the supervision plan and supervision rules. In the process of supervision, we should focus on the structural quality, use function, energy saving of residential buildings and indoor environment pollution of building materials, and do a good job of on-site supervision and witness sampling in accordance with relevant regulations. Before the project is completed and accepted, special inspection shall be conducted on whether the control measures for common quality defects are in place and whether the effect meets the requirements, and relevant units shall be urged to do a good job in the inspection of important use functions such as water storage test, ball passing test, water tightness and air tightness test of pipelines, and electrical grounding zero connection.

Through the above-mentioned relevant measures, we will gradually establish a quality assurance system for residential projects with development enterprises as the main body, a quality market control system for residential projects with intermediary consulting institutions as the main body and a quality supervision system for residential projects with the government as the center, and basically establish a relatively perfect quality control system for residential projects in recent years to meet the requirements of the development of socialist market economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards.

For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd