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Working principle and composition

principle

The principle of mobile power supply is simple. When an external power supply can be found, the built-in battery is precharged, that is, electric energy is input and stored in the form of chemical energy. When necessary, the battery will provide energy and generate electricity, the voltage converter (DC-DC converter) will reach the required voltage, and the output terminal (usually USB interface) will supply power to the required equipment for charging or other purposes.

fundamental/essential component

Mobile power supply has three basic functions, including energy storage, charging and power supply. Other functions such as safety protection, battery state detection and display are added to meet the needs of different designs, use and convenient operation.

Energy storage (battery)

In order to supply power to other devices without external power supply, mobile power supply needs batteries to store energy. Most mobile power sources use lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion) or lithium-ion polymer batteries (Li-PO), a few mobile power sources use nickel-hydrogen batteries (Ni-MH), and some early mobile power sources use primary batteries.

Lithium-ion battery (Li-ion) or lithium-ion polymer battery (Li-PO) has the highest energy density, that is, the lightest and thinnest, regardless of weight or volume. In addition, the lithium ion/ionic polymer battery has high efficiency (less energy/electricity is wasted) during charging and discharging.

Baidu encyclopedia-mobile power supply